Баумберг: Тарихы мен қазіргі жағдайы

Baumberg (also Monheim Baumberg) is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine Westphalia (Germany) at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine. Baumberg consists of an area of about 6 km2, with about 14,000 residents in 2023 (one third of the 43,000 in Monheim am Rhein). Until the 20th century Baumberg was a rural village, inhabited by mainly fishermen, (goat )farmers and traditional craftsmen like basket weavers. At the end of the year 1900 about 1,200 people were living in Baumberg and 98 per cent of them were Catholics. which existed until 1932. Baumberg belonged to the Prussian Kreis Solingen (English: rural district of Solingen) from the 19th century to 1929. Baumberg belonged to the newly established Kreis Solingen Lennep in 1929 in which was renamed Rhein Wupper Kreis in 1931. 2,000 people lived in Baumberg in 1946 after the end of World War II. The housing projects by Demag and trade union owned building company Neue Heimat boosted population to 5,000 residents in 1965 and to 10,000 in 1969. In 1975, after the municipal reform was carried out, Monheim and Baumberg became districts of Düsseldorf for nearly a year, while the Hitdorf city district of Monheim of became a city district of Leverkusen. In the eastern part of Baumberg a new quarter with block of flats and terraced houses, the so called Austrian quarter (German: Österreich Viertel), was created from the late 1970s to the 1990s. In 1985, the allotment garden Im Baumberger Feld was created on the border with Düsseldorf Hellerhof, which has 98 plots. In 2002, the Knipprather Busch allotment garden association, which was established in 1972, moved to Loheck in Baumberg, because the original location on the former Henkel landfill was to be renovated. Nowadays Baumberg is mainly a suburban residential area with many commuters to the surrounding towns.

Around a third of Monheim's approximately 43,000 residents, over 14,000 residents, lived in the Baumberg district in 2023. On January 1, 2011, the Baumberg parish of St. Dionysius was merged with the Monheim parish of St. Gereon, which had around 9,000 believers at the time, to form the parish of St. Gereon and Dionysius Monheim a. Rh in the Archdiocese of Cologne.

From 1967 to 1975, the Baumberg Protestant Church Friedenskirche was built, which was made necessary by the large influx of people. In 2020, the Protestant parish in Baumberg had 3,559 members. It belongs to the Evangelical Church of Monheim (9,718 parishioners in 2020), which includes the urban area of Monheim am Rhein and the Hitdorf district of Leverkusen, i. e. the Monheim urban area before the municipal reform in North Rhine Westphalia in 1975.

In Baumberg there is also the Evangelistic Church Christliche Versammmlung (English: Christian Assembly), in which Darwin's theory of evolution is not recognized as scientific, but creationism is advocated.

Baumberg can be reached via five streets. Two come from Monheim am Rhein to the south, Monheimer Straße and Baumberger Chaussee, one, Urdenbacher Weg (Landesstraße 293), connects via Urdenbacher Kämpe to Düsseldorf Urdenbach to the north; one, the Garather Weg (Kommunalstraße 13), to the west with Düsseldorf Hellerhof and one, the Berghausener Straße (Landesstraße 353), to the west with Langenfeld, Rhineland. This road provides a connection to connection no. 24 (Richrath / Baumberg) of the A59. The closest option for crossing the Rhine is the car ferry from Düsseldorf Urdenbach to Dormagen Zons in the district Rhein Kreis Neuss. Since summer 2012, a ferry from Monheim am Rhein to Dormagen Piwipp has crossed the Rhine on weekends and public holidays. The ferry service of the so called “Piwipper Böötchen” takes place from April 7 to October 15 in 2023.

In local public transport, a number of bus lines run through Baumberg: the lines 777, SB78, 788 und 789. The bus lines are operated by the municipality of Monheim. The Düsseldorf Hellerhof, Düsseldorf Benrath and Düsseldorf Reisholz stops on the S Bahn line S 6 (Cologne – Düsseldorf – Essen) are located in the neighboring city of Düsseldorf and can be reached by bus line 789. Bus number 788 also goes to the stop in Benrath. Langenfeld Berghausen train station has been connected via line 777 since 1980 and via express bus line SB78 since 2017. The VRR tariff applies without exception to the bus routes running through Baumberg. The Monheim ticket allows free use of public transport in Baumberg, Monheim am Rhein and Langenfeld (VRR tariff area 73) and also to the Düsseldorf Hellerhof station since 1 April 2020. However, the city of Monheim and its transport company, the railways of the city of Monheim, belong to both Verkehrsverbund Rhein Ruhr (VRR) and Verkehrsverbund Rhein Sieg (VRS). The VRS tariff is only applied when traveling to other cities in the VRS tariff area (e. g. Leverkusen).

The citizens' office, which opened once a week at Holzweg 95 from April 18, 2000, was not well received. It was closed on November 9, 2005, as a result of the austerity package passed by the council. From 1 April 2015 all citizen concerns could be addressed at the Monheim Citizens' Office on Wednesdays from 9 a. m. to 12 p. m. It was located in the premises of the Raiffeisenbank which also was given up after a short time due to lack of demand. The citizens' office in Monheim is available on six days and 57 hours of the week except for Sundays and public holidays.

Families with children under 3 years of age can meet in the Moki Café in the Baumberg shopping center from Monday to Friday from 9 a. m. to 12 a. m.

The Baumberg Volunteer Fire Department, founded in 1908, is now part of the volunteer fire department of the city of Monheim am Rhein and is run as fire engine II Baumberg. The fire engine has been housed in the fire station at the intersection of Kreuzstraße and Thomasstraße since 1982. A new fire station has been under construction since October 2023, which will cost 9 million euros and shall be completed in September 2025.

In 1981 the district sports facility was set up in the Österreichviertel.

There are four joint practices for general medicine, three dentists and an ophthalmologist in Baumberg. Until August 31, 2013, there was the St. Josef Hospital in Monheim am Rhein, which was closed due to high losses (8.5 million euros from 2008 to 2013) and demolished in 2017. The health campus, which was completed in 2022, was built there. Currently, the nearest hospitals are in Langenfeld Richrath (St. Martinus Hospital of the GFO Association) and Düsseldorf Benrath (Sana Hospital).

The shops are mainly located in the Holzweg shopping center, which was built in 1969 and was rebranded "Holzweg Passage" in 2020 after renovation. Renovation was continued until 2021. The shops are not very specialized, mainly selling consumer goods and everyday items such as food, flowers and stationery and there is a kiosk with a post office. and finished in June 2017. The Foundry, located on Berghausener Straße/Heinrich Hertz Straße and operated by Schmolz + Bickenbach, was closed in 2009. After the demolition, an Edeka market with a bakery, which opened in April 2014, and a residential complex had been built on the site since May 2013.

Friedenskirche The Friedenskirche (Peace Church) is a Protestant church in Monheim Baumberg, built from 1968 to 1974 according to the plans of Walter Maria Foerderer and an outstanding example of Brutalism in the Rhineland. Bürgerhaus The citizens' meeting house was opened on 1 October 1982. It is used for events by associations and can be rented by the citizens for celebrations, too. The best known club is the football club Sportfreunde Baumberg e. V. which plays in the (Oberliga Niederrhein) and secured participation in the DFB Cup in 2013 by winning the final in the Lower Rhine Cup in 2013. There are also the St. Sebastianus Schützenbruderschaft Baumberg 1900 e. V., a marksmen's club. as well as the Baumberger Allgemeine Bürgerverein e. V., which was founded in 1961 and has over 400 members, and the carnival club 1. Baumberger Hippegarde 1998.