Saint Justin's Church, Frankfurt-Höchst

The Carolingian Saint Justin's Church in Frankfurt Höchst is the oldest building in Frankfurt/Main and one of the oldest churches still existing in Germany. It is dedicated to Saint Justin the Confessor. The Catholic basilica originates from around 830, and the late gothic chancel was built from 1441. The church stands at the east of the old part of the town Höchst, looking over the Main river. St. Justin's is important both for its stonework (the Carolingian capitals and the late gothic north doorway), and that it is one of the few nearly completely surviving early medieval churches which has been continuously used for around 1200 years.

The history of the church is closely connected with the city of Höchst founded in the 8th century as a daughter city of Mainz. The first well known documentary evidence of the city dates from 790. Construction on St Justin's Church began around 830, once Archbishop Otgar of Mainz had returned from Rome with the relics of St Justin. It was complete by his successor, Rabanus Maurus, who made the final consecration around 850. It did not really serve as a parish church then, but as a symbol for the power of the Electorate of Mainz proximate to the royal court at Frankfurt. The relics of St. Justin the Confessor were brought into the new church, where they remained for about 450 years. A particular synod of Mainz was held at the church in 1024, and in 1090 it became a Benedictine monastic church of St. Alban's Abbey, Mainz, as well as a parish church. In 1298 the relics of St. Justin were transferred to the mother house,

The original church was a six bay basilica with three sanctuaries and apses at the east end. The entrance was originally at the west end of the central nave,

In 1441, the rules of the Augustinian choir master, under the Antoniter order, required a larger choir, and so a high choir (chancel) was built with a polygonal apsidal end and seven windows. The chancel was clearly higher than the original basilica, and this contrast is certainly visible today. The original vaulting in the chancel had to be taken down in 1523 due to danger of collapse, and is now replaced with a flat ceiling. Due to the change in position of the entrance, a richly decorated pointed arch north doorway was built in around 1442, which is flanked by statues of Paul of Thebes and Anthony the Great. Construction which commenced in 1441 are the works of the so called Frankfurt school, under the master builder Madern Gerthener. The most important builder in Höchst was Steffan von Irlebach, son in law of Gerthener, as well as the stonemason Peter Wale, who worked with Gerthener on the Frankfurt Cathedral tower.

The area around the Justinuskirche was the Höchst cemetery since the Middle Ages. Burials also took place in the church. Canons of the Antonite Order were buried there. The von Dalberg and von Kapp families had family tombs in the Justinuskirche. The churchyard was abandoned in 1810. It was demolished between 1930 and 1932 during the renovation of the church and the square in front of the church was paved. Only a Pietà on the north facade of the church, eight grave slabs inside the church and some weathered gravestones in the garden on the Main side recall the burial place. The garden of the Justinus Church, located on the Main River side, was created in its planting in the early 1990s. Here medicinal herbs used by the Antonites are cultivated. For the public the garden is accessible since 2004 from spring to autumn.

Church of St. Joseph
St. Justin's Church
Detailed representation St. Justin's Church with photos, sketches, historical reconstruction and bibliography. 360° panorama of St. Justin's