Кіріспе
Литвалық американдық раввин (1881–1983)
Mordecai Menahem Kaplan (June 11, 1881 – November 8, 1983) was a Lithuanian born American rabbi, writer, Jewish educator, professor, theologian, philosopher, activist, and religious leader who founded the Reconstructionist branch of Judaism along with his son in law Ira Eisenstein. He has been described as a "towering figure" in the recent history of Judaism for his influential work in adapting it to modern society, contending that Judaism should be a unifying and creative force by stressing the cultural and historical character of the religion as well as theological doctrine. the son of Haya (née Anna) and Rabbi Israel Kaplan. Mordecai was brought over to New York in 1889, at the age of nine. refn| According to Kraut (1998), Kaplan "worked for the Young Israel initiative that in conception was nondenominational "
Yet he still remained the Rabbi of the center until around 1922, when he resigned due to these ideological conflicts with the some of lay leadership. He, along with a sizeable group of congregants, then established the Society for the Advancement of Judaism, which later became the core of the Reconstructionist movement. Judith read from the Torah at this ceremony, a role that had traditionally been reserved for males. In 1925, the American Zionist Organization sent Kaplan to Jerusalem as its official representative for the opening of Hebrew University. In 1945 the Union of Orthodox Rabbis "formally assembled to excommunicate from Judaism what it deemed to be the community's most heretical voice: Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan, the man who eventually would become the founder of Reconstructionist Judaism. Kaplan, a critic of both Orthodox and Reform Judaism, believed that Jewish practice should be reconciled with modern thought, a philosophy reflected in his Sabbath Prayer Book "</blockquote>
Not all of Kaplan's writings on the subject were consistent; his position evolved somewhat over the years, and two distinct theologies can be discerned with a careful reading. The view more popularly associated with Kaplan is strict naturalism, à la Dewey, which has been criticized as using religious terminology to mask a non theistic (if not outright atheistic) position one JTS colleague in the 1950s, Will Herberg, went so far as to compare it to the position of Charles Maurras toward the Catholic Church. A second strand of Kaplanian theology makes clear that God has ontological reality, a real and absolute existence independent of human beliefs, while rejecting classical theism and any belief in miracles. In 1973 he was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto II.
Мордехай Менахем Каплан (11 маусым 1881 – 8 қараша 1983) – Литва туған американдық раввин, жазушы, еврей білім берушісі, профессор, теолог, философ, белсенді және діни лидер, өзінің күйеу баласы Ира Эйзенштейнмен бірге иудаизмнің реконструкционист бағытын құрған. Ол иудаизмді қазіргі қоғамға бейімдеудегі ықпалды еңбегі үшін, діннің мәдени және тарихи сипатына, сондай-ақ теологиялық доктринаға баса назар аудару арқылы, иудаизмді біріктіруші және шығармашылық күш етіп қарастырғандықтан, иудаизм тарихындағы «үлкен тұлға» деп сипатталды. Хаяның (туған аты Анна) және раввин Израиль Капланның ұлы. Мордехай 1889 жылы тоғыз жасында Нью-Йоркке әкелінді. refn| Крауттың (1998) сөзіне сүйенсек, Каплан «бастапқыда конфессиялық емес болған «Жас Израиль» бастамасы үшін жұмыс істеді».
Mordecai Menahem Kaplan (June 11, 1881 – November 8, 1983) was a Lithuanian born American rabbi, writer, Jewish educator, professor, theologian, philosopher, activist, and religious leader who founded the Reconstructionist branch of Judaism along with his son in law Ira Eisenstein. He has been described as a "towering figure" in the recent history of Judaism for his influential work in adapting it to modern society, contending that Judaism should be a unifying and creative force by stressing the cultural and historical character of the religion as well as theological doctrine. the son of Haya (née Anna) and Rabbi Israel Kaplan. Mordecai was brought over to New York in 1889, at the age of nine. refn| According to Kraut (1998), Kaplan "worked for the Young Israel initiative that in conception was nondenominational "
Yet he still remained the Rabbi of the center until around 1922, when he resigned due to these ideological conflicts with the some of lay leadership. He, along with a sizeable group of congregants, then established the Society for the Advancement of Judaism, which later became the core of the Reconstructionist movement. Judith read from the Torah at this ceremony, a role that had traditionally been reserved for males. In 1925, the American Zionist Organization sent Kaplan to Jerusalem as its official representative for the opening of Hebrew University. In 1945 the Union of Orthodox Rabbis "formally assembled to excommunicate from Judaism what it deemed to be the community's most heretical voice: Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan, the man who eventually would become the founder of Reconstructionist Judaism. Kaplan, a critic of both Orthodox and Reform Judaism, believed that Jewish practice should be reconciled with modern thought, a philosophy reflected in his Sabbath Prayer Book "</blockquote>
Not all of Kaplan's writings on the subject were consistent; his position evolved somewhat over the years, and two distinct theologies can be discerned with a careful reading. The view more popularly associated with Kaplan is strict naturalism, à la Dewey, which has been criticized as using religious terminology to mask a non theistic (if not outright atheistic) position one JTS colleague in the 1950s, Will Herberg, went so far as to compare it to the position of Charles Maurras toward the Catholic Church. A second strand of Kaplanian theology makes clear that God has ontological reality, a real and absolute existence independent of human beliefs, while rejecting classical theism and any belief in miracles. In 1973 he was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto II.
Дегенмен ол 1922 жылға дейін орталықтың раввині қызметін атқара берді, содан кейін идеологиялық қайшылықтарға байланысты кейбір жетекшілермен келіспеушілік туып, отставкаға кетті. Ол және көптеген қауым мүшелері Иудаизмді дамыту қоғамын құрды, ол кейін реконструкционист қозғалысының ядросына айналды. Бұл салтанатта Юдит Торадан оқыды, бұл дәстүр бойынша еркектерге ғана берілген құқық еді. 1925 жылы Америкалық сионисттік ұйым Капланды Еврей университетінің ашылуына ресми өкіл ретінде Иерусалимге жіберді. 1945 жылы Ортодоксалдық раввиндердің одағы «қауымның ең еретикалық дауысы деп санайтын раввин Мордехай Капланды, ақырында реконструкционист Иудаизмінің негізін қалаушыны, иудаизмнен шығару үшін ресми түрде жиналды». Каплан, Ортодоксалдық және Реформалық Иудаизмді сынаған, еврей дәстүрін қазіргі заманғы оймен үйлестіру қажет деп сенді, бұл философия оның Сенбілік дұға кітабында көрініс тапты. Капланның осы тақырыптағы жазбаларының барлығы да бірдей болған жоқ; оның ұстанымы жылдар бойы өзгерді және мұқият оқығанда екі түрлі теологияны ажыратуға болады. Капланмен көбірек байланыстырылатын көзқарас – Дьюи сияқты қатаң натурализм, ол діни терминологияны теистік емес (немесе тіпті атеистік) ұстанымды жасыру үшін қолданғаны үшін сынға ұшырады. 1950 жылдары JTS-тегі әріптесі Уилл Херберг оны католик шіркеуіне қатысты Шарль Моррастың ұстанымымен салыстырды. Каплан теологиясының екінші бағыты Құдайдың онтологиялық шындыққа ие екенін, яғни адам сеніміне тәуелсіз нақты және абсолютті болмысты, классикалық теизмді және кереметтерге сенуді жоққа шығарады. 1973 жылы ол «Гуманистік манифест II»-ге қол қойғандардың бірі болды.
Mordecai Menahem Kaplan (June 11, 1881 – November 8, 1983) was a Lithuanian born American rabbi, writer, Jewish educator, professor, theologian, philosopher, activist, and religious leader who founded the Reconstructionist branch of Judaism along with his son in law Ira Eisenstein. He has been described as a "towering figure" in the recent history of Judaism for his influential work in adapting it to modern society, contending that Judaism should be a unifying and creative force by stressing the cultural and historical character of the religion as well as theological doctrine. the son of Haya (née Anna) and Rabbi Israel Kaplan. Mordecai was brought over to New York in 1889, at the age of nine. refn| According to Kraut (1998), Kaplan "worked for the Young Israel initiative that in conception was nondenominational "
Yet he still remained the Rabbi of the center until around 1922, when he resigned due to these ideological conflicts with the some of lay leadership. He, along with a sizeable group of congregants, then established the Society for the Advancement of Judaism, which later became the core of the Reconstructionist movement. Judith read from the Torah at this ceremony, a role that had traditionally been reserved for males. In 1925, the American Zionist Organization sent Kaplan to Jerusalem as its official representative for the opening of Hebrew University. In 1945 the Union of Orthodox Rabbis "formally assembled to excommunicate from Judaism what it deemed to be the community's most heretical voice: Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan, the man who eventually would become the founder of Reconstructionist Judaism. Kaplan, a critic of both Orthodox and Reform Judaism, believed that Jewish practice should be reconciled with modern thought, a philosophy reflected in his Sabbath Prayer Book "</blockquote>
Not all of Kaplan's writings on the subject were consistent; his position evolved somewhat over the years, and two distinct theologies can be discerned with a careful reading. The view more popularly associated with Kaplan is strict naturalism, à la Dewey, which has been criticized as using religious terminology to mask a non theistic (if not outright atheistic) position one JTS colleague in the 1950s, Will Herberg, went so far as to compare it to the position of Charles Maurras toward the Catholic Church. A second strand of Kaplanian theology makes clear that God has ontological reality, a real and absolute existence independent of human beliefs, while rejecting classical theism and any belief in miracles. In 1973 he was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto II.
Мақалалар
"Иудаизм нені құрамайды", The Menorah Journal, 1-том, № 4, (1915 жылғы қазан), "Иудаизм дегеніміз не?", The Menorah Journal, 1-том, № 5, (1915 жылғы желтоқсан), "Ишая 6:1–11", Библиялық әдебиет журналы, 45-том, № 3/4, (1926 ж.). "Мәдениеттер аралық байланыстың Иудаизмге тигізетін әсері", Діни журнал, (1934 жылғы қаңтар). "Иудей дініндегі Құдай туралы идеяның эволюциясы", The Jewish Quarterly Review, 57-том, (1967 ж.).
'What Is Judaism,' The Menorah Journal, Vol. 1, No. 5, (December 1915),
'Isaiah 6:1–11,' Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 45, No. 3/4, (1926). 'The Effect of Intercultural Contacts upon Judaism,' The Journal of Religion, (January 1934). 'The Evolution of the Idea of God in Jewish Religion,' The Jewish Quarterly Review, Vol. 57, (1967).