1952 жылғы "Айви" операциясы: АҚШ-тың ядролық сынақтары және қаза болған ұшқыш

Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
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Operation Ivy was the eighth series of American nuclear tests, coming after Tumbler Snapper and before Upshot–Knothole. The two explosions were staged in late 1952 at Enewetak Atoll in the Pacific Proving Ground in the Marshall Islands.

The Operation Ivy test series was the first to involve a hydrogen bomb rather than an atomic bomb, further to the order of President Harry S. Truman made on January 31, 1950, that the US should continue research into all forms of nuclear weapons. The bombs were prepared by the US Atomic Energy Commission and Defense Department aboard naval vessels, and were capable of being detonated remotely from the control ship Estes.

Four USAF F 84G Thunderjets equipped with filters were flown through the mushroom cloud's stem to collect radiochemical samples for analysis. "Red Flight" Leader Virgil K. Meroney of the nascent 1211th Test Squadron flew into the stem of the explosion first. In five minutes, he had gathered all the samples he could, and exited. Jimmy Priestly Robinson, age 28, a captain with the 561st Fighter Day Squadron, was lost near the end of his mission. After re emerging from the cloud, both he and his wingman, pilot Captain Bob Hagan, encountered difficulties picking up rendezvous and runway navigational beacons due to "electromagnetic after effects" of the detonation. By the time they were successful in finding the signal, they were dangerously low on fuel, and before reaching the runway on Enewetak, both had depleted their reserves. While Hagan was able to glide and made an extraordinary successful dead stick landing on the runway, Robinson was instead too far out to follow the same path and therefore attempted to land on water. Robinson's plane flipped and his body was never found. nuclear fission (A bomb) weapon to date using only nuclear fission (no fusion nor fusion boosting). This test used an unretarded free fall bomb from a B 36 bomber. The bomber suffered minor heat and blast damage and safely returned to base. This "Super Oralloy Bomb" was intended as a backup to the earlier "Mike" test, if the fusion weapon had failed.