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Model whose mass produced pictures see wide appeal as popular culture

A pin up model is a model whose mass produced pictures and photographs have wide appeal within the popular culture of a society. Pin up models are usually glamour models, actresses, and fashion models whose pictures are intended for informal, aesthetic display, such as being pinned onto a wall. Beginning in the 1940s, pictures of pin up girls were also known as cheesecake in the U. S.

The term pin up refers to drawings, paintings, and photographs of semi nude women. The term pin up was first attested to in English in 1941. Images of pin up girls were published in magazines and newspapers, and as postcards, lithographs, and calendars. The counterpart of the pin up girl is the male pin up, also known as beefcake, including celebrated actors and athletes such as the actor James Dean, the singer Jim Morrison, and the model Fabio.

Beginning in the early 19th century, when pin up modeling had "theatrical origins"; burlesque performers and actresses sometimes used photographic business cards to advertise shows. These promotional and business cards could be found backstage in almost every theater's green room, pinned up or placed in "frames of the looking glasses, in the joints of the gas burners, and sometimes lying on top of the sacred cast case itself." According to historian Maria Elena Buszek, "To understand both the complicated identity and the subversive nature of the 19th century actress, one must also understand that the era's views on women's potential were inextricably tied to their sexuality, which in turn was tied to their level of visibility in the public sphere: regardless of race, class or background, it was generally assumed that the more public the woman, the more 'public,' or available, her sexuality." Being sexually fantasized, famous actresses in early 20th century film were both drawn and photographed and put on posters to be sold for personal use. Among the celebrities who were considered sex symbols, one of the most popular early pin up girls was Betty Grable, whose poster was ubiquitous in the lockers of G. I. s during World War II. In Europe, prior to the First World War, the likes of "Miss Fernande" (who some identify as Fernande Barrey), were arguably the world's first pin ups in the modern sense. Miss Fernande displayed ample cleavage and full frontal nudity, and her pictures were cherished by soldiers on both sides of the First World War conflict. Other pin ups were artwork depicting idealized versions of beautiful or attractive women. An early example of the latter type was the Gibson Girl, a representation of the New Woman drawn by Charles Dana Gibson. "Because the New Woman was symbolic of her new ideas about her sex, it was inevitable that she would also come to symbolize new ideas about sexuality." Unlike the photographed actresses and dancers generations earlier, art gave artists the freedom to draw women in many different ways. The 1932 Esquire "men's" magazine featured many drawings and "girlie" cartoons but was most famous for its "Vargas Girls". Prior to World War II, Vargas Girls were praised for their beauty and less focus was on their sexuality. However, during the war, the drawings transformed into women playing dress up in military drag and drawn in seductive manners, like that of a child playing with a doll. Vargas Girls became so popular that from 1942 to 1946, owing to a high volume of military demand, "9 million copies of the magazine without adverts and free of charge was sent to American troops stationed overseas and in domestic bases." The Vargas Girls were adapted as nose art on many World War II bomber and fighter aircraft; Generally, they were not seen negatively or as prostitutes, but mostly as inspiring female patriots that were helpful for good luck. Among the other well known artists specializing in the field were Earle K. Bergey, Enoch Bolles, Gil Elvgren, George Petty, Rolf Armstrong, Zoë Mozert, Duane Bryers and Art Frahm. Notable contemporary pin up artists include Olivia De Berardinis, known for her pin up art of Bettie Page and her pieces in Playboy.

Although pin up modeling is associated with World War II and the 1950s, it developed into a subculture which can be seen represented in the styles of some celebrities and public figures. Pamela Anderson was considered the "perennial pin up" due to decades' worth of modeling for Hugh Hefner's Playboy magazine. The American singer Lana Del Rey, whose style is comparable to that of the classic pin up model, has performed a song called "Pin Up Galore". Beyoncé has recorded a song titled "Why Don't You Love Me," which pays tribute to the American pin up queen of the 1950s, Bettie Page. The burlesque performer Dita Von Teese is often referred to as a modern pin up. Von Tesse has appeared in a biographical film about Bettie Page, Bettie Page Reveals All, in which Von Teese helps to define pin up. Katy Perry makes use of the ideas associated with pin up modeling, and has included these in music videos and costumes. The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show can be comparable to burlesque show, whereas their yearly advent calendar can compare to pin up in general. The pin up modeling subculture has produced magazines and forums dedicated to its community. Delicious Dolls, a magazine that began in 2011 and has both a print and digital version, was described in 2015 as "the most liked" pin up magazine in the world. One of the magazine's mission statements is "to promote and showcase retro and modern pin up girls." Another well known modern pin up magazine featuring pin ups in vintage dress, Retro Lovely, is the modern day pin up magazine with the most sold digital and print copies. Within this subculture, there are opportunities to perform in pin up contests, including one which takes place during the Viva Las Vegas rockabilly festival.

Though Marilyn Monroe and Bettie Page are often cited as the classic pin up, there were many Black women who were also considered to be impactful. In the 1920s the most notable black burlesque dancer was Josephine Baker. Dorothy Dandridge and Eartha Kitt also added to the pin up style of their time, using their looks, fame, and personal success. African American pin up finally gained a platform when the magazine Jet, which published material related to the African American community, was created in 1951. Jet supported pin up with their full page feature called "Beauty of the Week", where African American women posed in swimsuits and the like. This was intended to showcase the beauty African American women possessed in a world where their skin color was under constant scrutiny. It was not until 1965 that Jennifer Jackson became the first African American to be published in Playboy as Playmate of the Month. 1990 marked the first year that Playboys Playmate of the Year was an African American woman, Renee Tenison. Historically, Black women in pin up are still not as common as their white counterparts. However, the recent revival of pin up style has propelled many Black women today to dabble with and make works based on the classic pin up look to create their own standards of beauty. In Jim Linderman's self published book, Secret History of the Black Pin Up, he describes the lives and experiences of African American pin up models.