Сефтон қалалық округінің құрылысы мен географиясы

the settlement

The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England. It was formed on 1 April 1974, by the amalgamation of the county boroughs of Bootle and Southport, the municipal borough of Crosby, the urban districts of Formby and Litherland, and part of West Lancashire Rural District. It consists of a coastal strip of land on the Irish Sea which extends from Southport in the north to Bootle in the south, and an inland part to Maghull in the south east, bounded by the city of Liverpool to the south, the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley to the south east, and West Lancashire to the east. It is named after Sefton, near Maghull. When the borough was created, a name was sought that would not unduly identify the borough with any of its constituent parts, particularly the former county boroughs of Bootle and Southport. The area had strong links with both the Earl of Sefton and the Earl of Derby, resident of Knowsley Hall, and the adjacent borough was subsequently named Knowsley. A Sefton Rural District covering some of the villages in the district existed from 1894 to 1932.

The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton is one of the six constituent local government districts of the Liverpool City Region. Since 1 April 2014, some of the borough's responsibilities have been pooled with neighbouring authorities within the metropolitan area and subsumed into the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority. The combined authority has effectively become the top tier administrative body for the local governance of the city region and the leader of Sefton Council, along with the five other leaders from neighbouring local government districts, take strategic decisions over economic development, transport, employment and skills, tourism, culture, housing and physical infrastructure.

The existence of Sefton has been an ongoing local controversy, especially in Southport, where local Members of Parliament (MPs) and councillors have campaigned for separation from Bootle and the possible inclusion of the town as a district in the non metropolitan county of Lancashire. It was highlighted after the 2012 local government election that different regions in Sefton had vastly different socio economic backgrounds and needs. There are high levels of poverty around the Bootle area and central Southport.

Ethnic Group20012011Number%Number% White: British 273,536 96.67% 259,629 94.83% White: Irish 2,665 0.94% 2,312 0.84% White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller 120 0.04% White: Other 2,339 0.83% 4,680 1.71% White: Total 278,540 98.44% 266,741 97.43% Asian or Asian British: Indian 604 0.21% 666 0.24% Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 181 0.06% 127 0.04% Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 257 0.09% 308 0.11% Asian or Asian British: Chinese 903 0.32% 965 0.35% Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 173 0.06% 653 0.24% Asian or Asian British: Total 2,118 0.75% 2,719 0.99% Black or Black British: African 204 0.07% 464 0.17% Black or Black British: Caribbean 173 0.06% 223 0.08% Black or Black British: Other Black 61 0.02% 109 0.04% Black or Black British: Total 438 0.15% 796 0.29% Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 476 0.17% 830 0.30% Mixed: White and Black African 234 0.08% 488 0.18% Mixed: White and Asian 441 0.16% 760 0.28% Mixed: Other Mixed 433 0.15% 742 0.27% Mixed: Total 1,584 0.56% 2,820 1.03% Other: Arab 327 0.12% Other: Any other ethnic group 387 0.14% Other: Total 278 0.10% 714 0.26% Black, Asian, and minority ethnic: Total 4,418 1.56% 7,049 2.57% Total 282,958 100.00% 273,790 100.00%

At the 2011 census, there were 265,010 usual residents of Sefton aged 3 or over whose main language was declared. The 10 most common main languages were as follows:
English 259,820 (98.04%)
Polish 1,579 (0.62%)
Chinese 415 (0.16%)
Portuguese 318 (0.12%)
Latvian 252 (0.10%)
Spanish 201 (0.08%)
Lithuania 190 (0.07%)
Arabic 158 (0.06%)
Bengali (with Sylheti and Chittagonian) 142 (0.05%)
Turkish 141 (0.05%)
1,794 (0.68%) usual residents over the age of 3 had a different main language to the above languages.

The following people, military units and Organisations and Groups have received the Freedom of the Borough of Sefton.

In terms of television, the area is served by BBC North West and ITV Granada broadcasting from the Winter Hill transmitter. The borough is served by both BBC Radio Merseyside and BBC Radio Lancashire. Other radio stations including Heart North West, Smooth North West, Dune Radio, Radio City, Rock FM, Greatest Hits Radio Liverpool & The North West and Greatest Hits Radio Lancashire. The area is served by the regional newspapers, Lancashire Telegraph, Liverpool Echo and Liverpool Daily Post. Other local newspapers are The Southport Visiter and Southport Reporter.