Ирвинг Хоу: Американдық жазушы, сыншы және социалист белсендісі

American writer, literary and social critic and socialist activist

Irving Howe (/h//aʊ/; June 11, 1920 – May 5, 1993) was an American literary and social critic and a prominent figure of the Democratic Socialists of America.

Howe was born as Irving Horenstein in The Bronx, New York. He was the son of Jewish immigrants from Bessarabia, Nettie (née Goldman) and David Horenstein, who ran a small grocery store that went out of business during the Great Depression. His father became a peddler and eventually a presser in a dress factory. His mother was an operator in the dress trade. While at school, he was constantly debating socialism, Stalinism, fascism, and the meaning of Judaism. He served in the US Army during World War II. Upon his return, he began writing literary and cultural criticism for the CIA backed Partisan Review and became a frequent essayist for Commentary, politics, The Nation, The New Republic, and The New York Review of Books. In 1954, Howe helped found the intellectual quarterly Dissent, which he edited until his death in 1993. and the National Jewish Book Award in the History category. He also edited and translated many Yiddish stories and commissioned the first English translation of Isaac Bashevis Singer for the Partisan Review. He is survived by his third wife, Ilona Howe.

Cain, William. "An Interview with Irving Howe." American Literary History, Vol.1, No.3 (Autumn 1989): 554 564. Howe, Irving. Politics and the Intellectual: Conversations with Irving Howe. Purdue University Press, 2010. Interviews during the previous fifteen years. Libo, Kenneth. "My Work on World of Our Fathers." American Jewish History, Vol.88, No.4 (2000): 439 448. Online. Memoir by his research assistant. Rodden, John (ed.) Irving Howe and the Critics: Celebrations and Attacks. University of Nebraska Press, 2005. Essays and reviews written by his critics.