Кіріспе
Электрлік орган түрі Тельгармоний (Динамофон деп те аталады) – 1896 жылы Таддеус Кахилл жасаған және 1897 жылы патенттелген электрлік орган. Тельгармонияның электр сигналы сымдар арқылы беріліп, қабылдау жағында «созық» динамиктер арқылы естілетін. Кейінгі Хаммонд органы сияқты, Тельгармония да музыкалық дыбыстарды аддитивті синтез арқылы электрлік сигнал ретінде шығару үшін тон дөңгелектерін пайдаланды. 1893 жылы венгр Тивадар Пушкас ‘Telefonhírmondó’ немесе ‘Телефон хабаршысы’ құралын жасады. "Кахилл идеяны ойлағанда Конгресске көмекші болып жұмыс істеді".
The Telharmonium (also known as the Dynamophone) was an early electrical organ, developed by Thaddeus Cahill c. 1896 and patented in 1897. The electrical signal from the Telharmonium was transmitted over wires; it was heard on the receiving end by means of "horn" speakers. Like the later Hammond organ, the Telharmonium used tonewheels to generate musical sounds as electrical signals by additive synthesis. In 1893 Hungarian Tivadar Puskás created the ‘Telefonhírmondó’ or ‘Telephone Herald’
"Cahill was working as a Congressional aide when he conceived the idea"
The final design, patented in 1897, had twelve separate alternating current generators, to generate electric waves, to produce the twelve basic tones of the musical scale, that would be controlled by a keyboard and heard through a telephone receiver. Cahill built three versions. The 1906 model, had 145 separate electric generators. The Mark II weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players. "Dr. Lee DeForest, of wireless telegraphy fame, made a series of successful tests with Telharmonic music currents, making the selection of the concert at Telharmonic hall clearly audible to hearers miles away without wires." — Passaic Daily News, Passaic, New Jersey, 16 March 1907, Page 6
The 1911, last Telharmonium, the Mark III, weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players, was installed in a special performance room in New York City. In these presentations, the performer sat at a console to control the instrument. The actual mechanism was so large it occupied an entire room; wires from the controlling console were fed discreetly through holes in the auditorium floor, into the instrument room below. The Telharmonium foreshadowed modern electronic musical equipment in a number of ways. For instance, its sound output came in the form of connecting ordinary telephone receivers to large paper cones—a primitive form of loudspeaker. Cahill stated that electromagnetic diaphragms were the most preferable means of outputting its distinctive sound. There are no known recordings of its music. The Telharmonium was retailed by Cahill for $200,000. The Telharmonium's demise came for a number of reasons. The instrument was immense in size and weight. This being an age before vacuum tubes had been invented, it required large electric dynamos which consumed great amounts of power in order to generate sufficiently strong audio signals. In addition, problems began to arise when telephone broadcasts of Telharmonium music were subject to crosstalk and unsuspecting telephone users would be interrupted by strange electronic music. By 1912, interest in this revolutionary instrument had changed, and Cahill's company was declared not successful in 1914. Telharmonium tones were described as "clear and pure" of power
Соңғы нұсқасы, 1897 жылы патенттелген, электр толқындарын жасау үшін он екі бөлек айнымалы ток генераторынан тұрды, бұл музыкалық гамманың негізгі он екі тонын шығаруға мүмкіндік берді. Бұл генераторлар пернетақта арқылы басқарылып, телефондық қабылдағыш арқылы естілетін. Кахилл үш нұсқасын жасады. 1906 жылғы модельде 145 жеке электр генераторы болды. Mark II-нің салмағы шамамен 200 тоннаға жетеді, ұзындығы 60 фут, бірнеше пернетақтасы мен басқару құралдары болды және кем дегенде екі музыкант қажет болды. "Қоңыраусыз телеграфпен танымал доктор Ли ДеФорест Тельгармония музыкалық тогымен бірнеше сәтті сынақтар жасады, Тельгармония залындағы концерттің таңдауын сымсыз, шақырымдар қашықтықтағы тыңдаушыларға анық естірте білді". – Passaic Daily News, Пасаик, Нью-Джерси, 16 наурыз 1907 жыл, 6-бет.
The Telharmonium (also known as the Dynamophone) was an early electrical organ, developed by Thaddeus Cahill c. 1896 and patented in 1897. The electrical signal from the Telharmonium was transmitted over wires; it was heard on the receiving end by means of "horn" speakers. Like the later Hammond organ, the Telharmonium used tonewheels to generate musical sounds as electrical signals by additive synthesis. In 1893 Hungarian Tivadar Puskás created the ‘Telefonhírmondó’ or ‘Telephone Herald’
"Cahill was working as a Congressional aide when he conceived the idea"
The final design, patented in 1897, had twelve separate alternating current generators, to generate electric waves, to produce the twelve basic tones of the musical scale, that would be controlled by a keyboard and heard through a telephone receiver. Cahill built three versions. The 1906 model, had 145 separate electric generators. The Mark II weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players. "Dr. Lee DeForest, of wireless telegraphy fame, made a series of successful tests with Telharmonic music currents, making the selection of the concert at Telharmonic hall clearly audible to hearers miles away without wires." — Passaic Daily News, Passaic, New Jersey, 16 March 1907, Page 6
The 1911, last Telharmonium, the Mark III, weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players, was installed in a special performance room in New York City. In these presentations, the performer sat at a console to control the instrument. The actual mechanism was so large it occupied an entire room; wires from the controlling console were fed discreetly through holes in the auditorium floor, into the instrument room below. The Telharmonium foreshadowed modern electronic musical equipment in a number of ways. For instance, its sound output came in the form of connecting ordinary telephone receivers to large paper cones—a primitive form of loudspeaker. Cahill stated that electromagnetic diaphragms were the most preferable means of outputting its distinctive sound. There are no known recordings of its music. The Telharmonium was retailed by Cahill for $200,000. The Telharmonium's demise came for a number of reasons. The instrument was immense in size and weight. This being an age before vacuum tubes had been invented, it required large electric dynamos which consumed great amounts of power in order to generate sufficiently strong audio signals. In addition, problems began to arise when telephone broadcasts of Telharmonium music were subject to crosstalk and unsuspecting telephone users would be interrupted by strange electronic music. By 1912, interest in this revolutionary instrument had changed, and Cahill's company was declared not successful in 1914. Telharmonium tones were described as "clear and pure" of power
1911 жылғы, соңғы Тельгармония, Mark III, салмағы шамамен 200 тоннаға жетеді, ұзындығы 60 фут, бірнеше пернетақтасы мен басқару құралдары болды және кем дегенде екі музыкант қажет болды, Нью-Йорктегі арнайы орындалу залына орнатылды. Осындай қойылымдарда музыкант аспапты басқару үшін консольде отыратын. Аспаптың өзі соншалықты үлкен болғандықтан, бүкіл бөлмені алып жатты; басқару консолінен келетін сымдар аудитория еденіндегі тесіктер арқылы жасырын түрде төмендегі аспаптар бөлмесіне өткізілді. Тельгармония қазіргі заманғы электронды музыкалық құралдарының алға басушысы болды. Мысалы, оның дыбыс шығаруы үлкен қағаз конустарға қосылған қарапайым телефондық қабылдағыштар арқылы жүзеге асырылды – бұл дыбыс шығарудың алғашқы түрі. Кахилл электромагниттік диафрагмалардың оның ерекше дыбысын шығарудың ең қолайлы тәсілі екенін айтты. Оның музыкасының жазбалары сақталмаған. Тельгармонияны Кахилл 200 мың долларға сатты. Тельгармонияның құлдырауына бірнеше себеп болды. Аспаптың көлемі мен салмағы өте үлкен болды. Вакуумдық түтікшелер ойлап табылғанға дейінгі заманда, жеткілікті күшті дыбыс сигналдарын жасау үшін үлкен электр динамолары қажет болды, олар көп мөлшерде қуатты тұтынды. Сонымен қатар, Тельгармония музыкасын телефон арқылы тарату кезінде кедергілер туындап, телефон пайдаланушылары күтпеген электронды музыкамен тоқтатылып қалды. 1912 жылға қарай осы революциялық құралға қызығушылық азайды, ал 1914 жылы Кахиллдің компаниясы табыссыз деп жарияланды. Тельгармонияның дыбыстары «таза және анық» деп сипатталды.
The Telharmonium (also known as the Dynamophone) was an early electrical organ, developed by Thaddeus Cahill c. 1896 and patented in 1897. The electrical signal from the Telharmonium was transmitted over wires; it was heard on the receiving end by means of "horn" speakers. Like the later Hammond organ, the Telharmonium used tonewheels to generate musical sounds as electrical signals by additive synthesis. In 1893 Hungarian Tivadar Puskás created the ‘Telefonhírmondó’ or ‘Telephone Herald’
"Cahill was working as a Congressional aide when he conceived the idea"
The final design, patented in 1897, had twelve separate alternating current generators, to generate electric waves, to produce the twelve basic tones of the musical scale, that would be controlled by a keyboard and heard through a telephone receiver. Cahill built three versions. The 1906 model, had 145 separate electric generators. The Mark II weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players. "Dr. Lee DeForest, of wireless telegraphy fame, made a series of successful tests with Telharmonic music currents, making the selection of the concert at Telharmonic hall clearly audible to hearers miles away without wires." — Passaic Daily News, Passaic, New Jersey, 16 March 1907, Page 6
The 1911, last Telharmonium, the Mark III, weighed almost 200 tons, was 60 feet long, had multiple keyboards and controls, and required at least two players, was installed in a special performance room in New York City. In these presentations, the performer sat at a console to control the instrument. The actual mechanism was so large it occupied an entire room; wires from the controlling console were fed discreetly through holes in the auditorium floor, into the instrument room below. The Telharmonium foreshadowed modern electronic musical equipment in a number of ways. For instance, its sound output came in the form of connecting ordinary telephone receivers to large paper cones—a primitive form of loudspeaker. Cahill stated that electromagnetic diaphragms were the most preferable means of outputting its distinctive sound. There are no known recordings of its music. The Telharmonium was retailed by Cahill for $200,000. The Telharmonium's demise came for a number of reasons. The instrument was immense in size and weight. This being an age before vacuum tubes had been invented, it required large electric dynamos which consumed great amounts of power in order to generate sufficiently strong audio signals. In addition, problems began to arise when telephone broadcasts of Telharmonium music were subject to crosstalk and unsuspecting telephone users would be interrupted by strange electronic music. By 1912, interest in this revolutionary instrument had changed, and Cahill's company was declared not successful in 1914. Telharmonium tones were described as "clear and pure" of power
Мұра
Ферруччо Бусони машинаның ең танымал кезеңінде одан шабыттанды және 1907 жылы "Музыканың жаңа эстетикасының эскизін" жазды, ол Эдгард Варезе және Луиджи Руссоло сияқты электрондық композиторлардың жаңа буыны үшін шақыру қағазы мен шабыт көзіне айналды.