Texas Instruments TI-92 калькуляторлары сериясы

Series of graphing calculators produced by Texas Instruments

The TI 92 series are a line of graphing calculators produced by Texas Instruments. They include: the TI 92 (1995), the TI 92 II (1996), the TI 92 Plus (1998, 1999) and the Voyage 200 (2002). The design of these relatively large calculators includes a QWERTY keyboard. Because of this keyboard, it was given the status of a "computer" rather than "calculator" by American testing facilities and cannot be used on tests such as the SAT or AP Exams while the similar TI 89 can be.

The TI 92 was originally released in 1995, and was the first symbolic calculator made by Texas Instruments. It came with a computer algebra system (CAS) based on Derive, geometry based on Cabri II, and was one of the first calculators to offer 3D graphing. The TI 92 was not allowed on most standardized tests due mostly to its QWERTY keyboard. Its larger size was also rather cumbersome compared to other graphing calculators. In response to these concerns, Texas Instruments introduced the TI 89 which is functionally similar to the original TI 92, but featured Flash ROM and 188 KB RAM, and a smaller design without the QWERTY keyboard. The TI 92 was then replaced by the TI 92 Plus, which was essentially a TI 89 with the larger QWERTY keyboard design of the TI 92. Eventually, TI released the Voyage 200, which is a smaller, lighter version of the TI 92 Plus with more Flash ROM. The TI 92 is no longer sold through TI or its dealers, and is very hard to come by in stores.

The TI 92 II was released in 1996, and was the first successor to the TI 92. The TI 92 II was available both as a stand alone product, and as a user installable II module which could be added to original TI 92 units to gain most of the feature improvements. The TI 92 II module was introduced early in 1996 and added the choice of 5 user languages (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish) and an additional 128k User memory. Along with the TI 92, the TI 92 II was replaced by the TI 92 Plus in 1999, which offered even more Flash ROM and RAM.

The TI 92 Plus (or TI 92+) was released in 1998, slightly after the creation of the almost identical (in terms of software) TI 89, while physically looking exactly like its predecessor, the TI 92 (which lacked flash memory). Besides increased memory over its predecessor, the TI 92 Plus also featured a sharper "black" screen, which had first appeared on the TI 89 and which eases viewing. The TI 92 Plus was available both as a stand alone product, and as a user installable Plus module which could be added to original TI 92 and TI 92 II units to gain most of the feature improvements, most notably Flash Memory. A stand alone TI 92 Plus calculator was functionally similar to the HW2 TI 89, while a module upgraded TI 92 was functionally similar to the HW1 TI 89. Both versions could run the same releases of operating system software. As of 2002, the TI 92 Plus was succeeded by the Voyage 200 and is no longer sold through TI or its dealers. The TI 92 Plus is now available in an online emulator, featuring a list of frequently used commands.

Voyage 200 (also V200 and Voyage 200 PLT) was released in 2002, being the replacement for the TI 92 Plus, with its only hardware upgrade over that calculator being an increase in the amount of flash memory available (2.7 megabytes for the Voyage 200 vs. 702 kilobytes for the TI 92 Plus). It also features a somewhat smaller and more rounded case design. Like its predecessor, Voyage 200 is an advanced calculator that supports plotting multiple functions on the same graph, parametric, polar, 3D, and differential equation graphing as well as sequence representations. Its symbolic calculation system is based on a trimmed version of the calculation software Derive. In addition to its algebra and calculus capabilities, the Voyage 200 is packaged with list, spreadsheet, and data processing applications and can perform curve fitting to a number of standard functions and other statistical analysis operations. The calculator can also run most programs written for the TI 89 and TI 92 as well as programs specifically written for it. A large number of applications, ranging from games to interactive periodic tables can be found online. The V200 is easily mistaken for a PDA or a small computer because of its massive enclosure and its full QWERTY keyboard — a feature which disqualifies the calculator for use in many tests and examinations, including the American ACT and SAT. The TI 89 Titanium offers exactly the same functionality in a smaller format that is also legal on the SAT test, but not the ACT test.

TI 92 TI 92II TI 92 Plus Voyage 200 Display 240×128 pixels CPU Motorola MC6800010 MHz Motorola MC6800012 MHz RAM 128 KB(70 KB user available) 256 KB(136 KB user available) 256 KB(188 KB user available) Flash ROM 1 MB ROM,(non upgradeable) 2 MB,(702 KB user available) 4 MB,(2.7 MB user available) Linkcapability 2.5 mm I/O port Power 4×AA,1×CR2032 4×AAA,1×CR1616 Release 1995 1996 1998, 1999 2002