Авиационные происшествия и события 1977 года

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This is a list of aviation related events from 1977.

Uganda Airlines begins flight operations.

East African Airways ceases all operations. It will go into liquidation in February. January 5 – In the Connellan air disaster, Colin Richard Foreman, a disgruntled former employee of Connellan Airways (Connair), steals a Beechcraft Baron 58 and crashes it into a building in the Connair complex at Alice Springs Airport at Alice Springs, Australia, killing himself and four people on the ground and injuring four others. January 6 – Natalie "Dolly" Sinatra, the mother of singer Frank Sinatra, and all three other people on board die when their Gates Learjet 24 never changes course after takeoff from Palm Springs Municipal Airport in Palm Springs, California, and crashes into a 10,000 feet (3048 m) ridge in the eastern portion of the San Gorgonio Wilderness. January 11 – A hijacker claiming to have a hand grenade commandeers Trans World Airlines Flight 700 – a Boeing 747 with 349 people on board flying from New York City′s John F. Kennedy International Airport to London′s Heathrow Airport – demanding to be flown to Uganda. The airliner lands at Heathrow where, after several hours of negotiations, security forces take down the hijacker when he becomes violent. January 13 – After a fire breaks out in the No. 1 engine of an Aeroflot Tupolev Tu 104A (registration CCCP 42369) on approach to Alma Ata Airport in Alma Ata in the Soviet Union's Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, the Tu 104A begins orbiting the airport to burn off fuel. The fire spreads to a fuel tank, causing the fuel tank to explode at an altitude of The airliner crashes from the airport, killing all 96 people on board. It is the deadliest aviation accident in the history of Kazakhstan at the time. January 14 – On approach to Terrace Airport outside Terrace, British Columbia, Canada, during a snowstorm, a Northern Thunderbird Air de Havilland Canada DHC 6 Twin Otter 300 (registration C GNTB) strikes a hill and crashes south of the airport, killing all 12 people on board. January 15 – Linjeflyg Flight 618, a Vickers Viscount 838 operated by Linjeflyg, crashes in Kälvesta, Sweden, just outside Stockholm, killing all 22 on board. January 18 – Prime Minister of Yugoslavia Džemal Bijedić and all six others on board are killed when their Gates Learjet 25 crashes into a mountain near Kreševo, Yugoslavia, during a snowstorm. January 20 – A new passenger terminal, Passenger Terminal 1, opens at Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and all civilian passenger traffic transfers to it. At the time, all major international flights to and from Brazil use the terminal. January 22 – Kenya Airways is founded. It will begin flight operations on February 4.

Beechcraft produces its 10,000th Bonanza, a Bonanza Model 35. The Bonanza is entering its 31st year of production. February 4 – Kenya Airways begins flight operations. February 9 – A helicopter carrying the Queen of Jordan Alia Toukan, crash landed in Jordan. February 13 – A hijacker commandeers a Turkish Airlines Douglas DC 9 32 with 57 people on board during a domestic flight in Turkey from Istanbul to İzmir, demanding to be flown to Yugoslavia. The airliner lands at İzmir, where the hijacker surrenders. February 15 – Attempting to land at Mineralnye Vody Airport in Mineralnye Vody Airport in the Soviet Union's Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic, Aeroflot Flight 5003, an Ilyushin Il 18V (registration CCCP 75520), executes a missed approach due to low clouds and fog. While climbing away from the airport, the airliner stalls, crashes into a railway embankment, and bursts into flames, killing 77 of the 98 people on board. February 18 – A Space Shuttle is airborne for the first time when the Space Shuttle Enterprise is taken up for a flight atop a Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft. Enterprise does not detach from the carrier aircraft during the flight.

Comair, owned by Delta Air Lines, starts operations. April 4 – Southern Airways Flight 242, a Douglas DC 9 31, enters a severe thunderstorm which breaks the planes windshield; the aircrafts engines ingest so much water and hail that they both flameout. The plane glides to a crash landing on a rural highway, killing 62 out of 85 people aboard – including rhythm and blues singer Annette Snell – and eight people on the ground; all 22 survivors are injured. April 10 – A Taxi Aéreo El Venado Douglas DC 3A 438 (registration HK 556), disappears with the loss of all 35 people on board during a domestic flight in Colombia from La Uribe to Bogotá. Its wreckage is discovered on May 15 at an elevation of 7,200 feet (2195 m) on Saliente del Rio Guape Mountain in the Cordillera Oriental. April 19 – A Soviet Air Forces Antonov An 24 (NATO reporting name "Coke") carrying Soviet Air Defense Forces pilots to their base at Tapa Airfield in Tapa in the Soviet Union's Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic flies too low while passing through a snow flurry on approach to the airfield, strikes the chimney of a spirit factory, crashes at Moe, and burns out, killing all 21 people on board. It is the deadliest aviation accident in the history of Estonia. April 24 – A hijacker commandeers a LOT Polish Airlines Tupolev Tu 134 bound from Kraków, Poland, to Nuremberg, East Germany. Security forces storm the airliner at Kraków and arrest the hijacker. April 25 – Two hijackers seize control of an Ethiopian Airlines Douglas DC 3 making a domestic flight in Ethiopia from Mek'ele to Gondar. The hijackers are taken down. April 27 – An Aviateca Convair 240 crashes near Guatemala City, Guatemala, due to a maintenance error, killing all 28 people on board. The incident is known as the 1977 Aviateca Convair 240 crash. April 29 – The British government nationalizes the British Aircraft Corporation, Hawker Siddeley Aviation, Hawker Siddeley Dynamics, and Scottish Aviation and merges them to form British Aerospace. They retain their individual identities at first, but eventually become divisions of British Aerospace.

July 5 – Four passengers hijack a Ladeco Boeing 727 78 (registration CC CFG) shortly after it takes off from Arica, Chile, for a domestic flight to Santiago. The plane refuels at Lima, Peru, then flies them to Havana, Cuba. July 8 – Six hijackers commandeer a Kuwait Airways Boeing 707 during a flight from Beirut, Lebanon, to Kuwait City, Kuwait, and force it to fly to Damascus, Syria, where they surrender to the authorities. July 10 – Two hijackers take control of an Aeroflot Tupolev Tu 134 (registration CCCP 65639) during a domestic flight in the Soviet Union from Petrozavodsk to Leningrad and force it to fly to Helsinki, Finland, where they surrender to the authorities. July 14 – UNITA rebels shoot down a People's Air Force of Angola Antonov An 26 near Cuangar, Angola, killing all 30 people on board. July 20 – Attempting to take off from Vitim Airport in Vitim in the Soviet Union's Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic on a wet runway with a tailwind, Aeroflot Flight B 2, an Avia 14M (registration CCCP 52096), strikes a fence and trees before crashing into a forest north northwest of the airport, killing 39 of the 40 people on board. July 21 – The Libyan Egyptian War begins. Egyptian Air Force planes shoot down two Libyan Arab Republic Air Force aircraft. July 22 – The Egyptian Air Force makes a full scale attack on a major Libyan Arab Republic Air Force base at El Adem, reportedly killing three Soviet military advisers. July 23 After threats of shutting down transatlantic air traffic, the U. S. and British governments reach the Bermuda II accord, giving British airlines additional ports of entry in the United States and removing American airlines' rights to carry passengers beyond London and Hong Kong. July 23–24 – Further Egyptian Air Force attacks destroy large numbers of Libyan aircraft before a ceasefire ends the war. Egypt admits the loss of two planes during the last two days of the war. July 25 – A Honduran Air Force Douglas C 47 DL Skytrain suffers the failure of its No. 1 engine and crashes in mountainous terrain near Yoro, Honduras, killing 25 of the 40 people on board.

November 1 – The Tupolev Tu 144 supersonic transport enters passenger service, flying an Aeroflot domestic route in the Soviet Union between Moscow and Alma Ata. It had been flying air mail and cargo flights since December 1975, also between Moscow and Alma Ata. November 3 – A Britten Norman BN 2A 8 Islander (registration XA FUA) operated by Servicios Aéreos Martinez Leon and carrying officials of the National Indian Institute crashes and burns on approach to San Cristóbal de las Casas National Airport in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Mexico, killing all 13 people on board. November 19 – On its third attempt to land in heavy rain, strong winds, and poor visibility at Madeira Airport in Funchal in Portugals Madeira Islands, TAP Portugal Flight 425, a Boeing 727 282Adv, overruns the runway and crashes, killing 131 of the 164 people on board. November 21 – Beginning its descent to San Carlos de Bariloche Airport in San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, prematurely, Austral Lineas Aéreas Flight 9, a BAC One Eleven 420EL (registration LV JGY), crashes near Cerro Pichileufú, east of San Carlos de Bariloche, killing 46 of the 79 people on board. November 23 – President Jimmy Carter signs U. S. Public Law 95 202, Title IV, recognizing members of the World War II Women Airforce Service Pilots as veterans for the first time. November 25 – A French Air Force Nord 2501F Noratlas with a faulty autopilot crashes into a mountain near Béziers, France, killing all 32 people on board.

December 2 – A Tupolev Tu 154, leased by Libyan Arab Airlines from Balkan Bulgarian Airlines to operate Hajj pilgrim charter flights, crashes near Benghazi, Libya, after running out of fuel. Fifty nine of the 165 passengers and crew on board are killed. December 4 – After apparently being hijacked by an unknown party, a Malaysian Airline System Flight 653, a Boeing 737 200, crashes at Tanjung Kupang, Johor, in Malaysia. All 100 people on board die, including the Malaysian Agricultural Minister, Dato' Ali Haji Ahmad; Malaysian Public Works Department Head Dato' Mahfuz Khalid; and Cuban Ambassador to Japan Mario García. It is first fatal accident in the history of Malaysian Airlines. December 9 – An Aeroflot Antonov An 24RV (registration CCCP 47695) stalls immediately after takeoff from Tarko Sale Airport in Tarko Sale in the Soviet Union's Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic, crashes about from Tarko Sale, and burns, killing 17 of the 23 people on board. December 11 – A United States Navy Lockheed P 3B 80 LO Orion on a maritime night patrol crashes into a 5,200 feet (1585 m) mountain on El Hierro in Spain's Canary Islands at an altitude of 2,300 feet (701 m), killing all 13 crew members. December 29 – A SAN Ecuador Vickers 764D Viscount (registration HC BEM) flying in poor weather crashes into a hill near Cuenca, Ecuador, killing all 24 people on board.

The Tenerife airport disaster on 27 March heavily defined 1977 in aviation; it is the deadliest accident in aviation history. Two Boeing 747's collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport on the island of Tenerife, Spain in heavy fog; 583 people were killed, far exceeding the death toll of any previous accident and unbeaten since. This included all 248 people aboard KLM Flight 4805, whose pilot committed the main factor in the accident of taking off without a clearance; and 335 of the 396 people on board Pan Am Flight 1736, the other 747 involved in the accident. The crash is arguably the most famous of all time; it changed the history and training of aviation in the years that followed. Elsewhere, 1977 had relatively few accidents in comparison to the years immediately preceding and succeeding it.