Этимология названий жудецов Румынии

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Many of the etymologies of Romanian counties are Romanian interpretations of Slavonic names (e. g.: Gorj and Dolj), as the administration documents in the Middle Ages Romanian Principalities (Wallachia and Moldavia) were written in this language. + County name Language of origin Meaning Alba Latin Named after the city of Alba Iulia ("The white city of Julius/(the) Gyula; in Hungarian Gyulafehérvár, "White castle of (the) Gyula; also Bălgrad, "White city" in several Slavic languages), probably from the white colour of the city walls. Arad Hungarian Named after the city of Arad, formerly Urod (11th century) after the name of a Hungarian knight, probably from the root ur meaning lord, meaning a place, which belongs to your ( od/today:ad) lord (úr). Argeș Dacian Named after the Argeș River, in ancient times Argessos, probably meaning "shiny". Bacău Hungarian or Slavic or Cuman/Pecheneg (Turkic) or Latin Named after the city of Bacău, in medieval times known as Bacovia in Latin, possibly meaning "the road of Bachus". The area was an important source of wine for the Romans. Alternatively Bakovia or Bakova derives from a person name Bako, found in Transylvania and as well in Bulgaria. The name is considered Hungarian or a derivation from Proto Slavic byk (meaning "ox" or "bull"), or of Cuman/Pecheneg origin. The region was very suitable for raising cattle. Bihor Hungarian, Slavic The county's name is the Romanian equivalent of the former Bihar County, which originates from the city of Bihar. The Hungarian Bihar derived from the word vihar (tempest, storm), that is of Slavic origin; vihor (whirlwind). Bistrița Năsăud Slavic and Hungarian or German Named after Bistrița (Slavic, "rapid"), a city and river and the city of Năsăud (Hungarian Naszód, German Nussdorf, "walnut tree village"). It may be also possible it derived from a person name, documented in 1269 as Naswod (current Nesvady). Botoșani Romanian(Mongolian) Several possible origins: botoș (tick), botos (big mouthed), botoșei (booties) and where Batu Khan split a part of his armies, invading what is now the northern Balkans, Hungary, Austria and Bohemia. "Batu", also pronounced "Botu", means "firm" in the Mongolian language. Brașov Uncertain, possibly Slavic Possibly from baras, fortress. Brăila Turkish Turkish origin from the proper name "Ibrail". Among the earlier names are Ibraila, Brilago, Uebereyl, Brailov. București Romanian(Dacian) From Bucur, personal name meaning "joyful", cognate with Albanian bukur (beautiful), assumed to be of Thraco Dacian origin. Buzău Greek Greek origin from Μουσαίος (Mousaios), the original name of the city of Buzău. Caraș Severin Turkish and Slavic Named after the Caraș River (Turkish Kara, "dark, black") and Turnu Severin (Romanian, "Northern Tower": turn is borrowed from German Türm, "tower"; severin is an Slavic word meaning "Northern"). Călărași Romanian(Latin) From călăraș, Historical term for "horseman" (military or courier). The word derives out of Romanian călare (riding), itself from cal (horse), Romanian cognate of Latin caballus. Cluj Hungarian, German or Latin From the first part of Cluj Napoca, deriving either from German Klause, "Mountain pass", Latin clusium, "enclosing", referring to the surrounding hills, or Hungarian Kolos, Miklós, after the first castellan of the local castle. Constanța Latin Named after Constanța. The city, originally called Tomis, was renamed Constantiana by the Byzantine Emperor Constantine, in honor of his sister, Flavia Julia Constantia. Covasna Slavic From Slavickvasny квасны, "soured, fermented", referring to the mineral waters of the region, with bubbles like beer and other fermented drinks. Dâmbovița Slavic Named after the Dâmbovița River, from Дъб, dămb, meaning "oak" Maramureș Indo European It originates from the Mara river which name is possibly derives from the Indo European Mori (sea, still water) and Mors (dead). Mehedinți Romanian(Latin) From the town of Mehadia, possibly be derived from the ancient Latin name of the colony: Ad mediam ("in the middle"). Mehedinți might also come from Mehadianți, as ianțiu/ ianțu is a common ending for family names in the area. Mureș Latin Named after the Mureș river, in Latin Maris ("murky"). Neamț Romanian(Slavic) Named after Piatra Neamț, neamț means "German" (from Slavic nemeti). The Teutons built a fortress there to protect the Bicaz Pass, which leads to Transylvania Olt Dacian or unknown Named after the Olt river, known to the Dacians as Alutus (etymology unknown). Contemporarily it has been also described as Alouta (Aλoύτα) and Aloutaz (Aλoύταζ). The initial "o" could indicate a Slavic intermediary. Prahova Slavic Named after the Prahova river. Prahova derives either from prag ("water cataract") or prah ("dust"). Sibiu Slavic Slavic: from sviba, "horn". Latin: from Cibinum, the name of the town of Sibiu as mentioned in 1191 ultimately derived from the name of the river Cibin Vrancea Slavic Ultimately from vrana, "raven".

County name Language of origin Meaning Bălți Romanian "ponds" Caliacra Greek From "καλός" ("beautiful") and "άκρα" ("headland" or "edge" or "extremity") Covurlui Cuman From kurgu, "dry" + suffix ui, "water" Cetatea Albă Romanian (Latin) "White fortress" Câmpulung Romanian (Latin) "long plain" Durostor Greek From the Roman name of Silistra, Durostorum, ultimately from the Ancient Greek Δουρόστορον (Douróstoron). Odorhei Hungarian First part of Odorheiu Secuiesc, from Székelyudvarhely, "Market town of the Székely" Muscel Romanian (Dacian?) "hillock" Soroca Slavic "magpie" Vlașca Slavic (ultimately Germanic) "land of the Vlachs" (see Vlachs#Etymology)