Древнеперсидская система мер и весов: от шекеля до парсанга

An official system of weights and measures was established in the ancient
Persian Empire under the Achaemenid dynasty (550 350 BCE). The shekel and mina ("profane" or "sacred") were units of both weight and volume. A shekel or mina weight was equal to the weight of that volume of water. The talent was a measure of weight used for large amounts of coinage. Some related units were used in Persia in the 19th century, and are still used in contemporary Iran.

Persian unitPersian nameRelation to previous unitMetric ValueImperial Value digitfinger انگشت (angosht) ≈ 20 mm ≈ 0.8 in hand dva 5 aiwas ≈ 100 mm ≈ 4 in foot trayas 3 dva ≈ 300 mm ≈ 1 foot four hands remen 4 dva ≈ 400 mm ≈ 16 in cubit (five hands) pank'a dva5 dva ≈ 500 mm ≈ 20 in great cubit (six hands) (k)swacsh dva 6 dva ≈ 600 mm ≈ 2 ft pace pank'a5 trayas ≈ 1.5 m ≈ 5 ft ten foot daca trayas2 pank'a ≈ 3 m ≈ 10 ft hundred foot chebel 8 daca trayas ≈ 24 m ≈ 80 ft league, the distance a horse could walk in one hour. parasang 250 chebel ≈ 6 km ≈ 3.75 milesmansion, one day's march on the Royal Road. (Greek stathmos) 4 or 5 parasang ≈ 24–30 km ≈ 14–18 milesAsparsaAsparsa ≈ 187–195 m and = 360 cubits

The shekel and mina ("profane" or "sacred") were units of both weight and volume. A shekel or mina weight was equal to the weight of that volume of water. Note that the values given for the mina do not match the definitions. 1 shekel = 8.3 ml (approximately 1 cubic aiwas). 1 profane mina = 50 shekel = 500 ml (approximately 27 cubic aiwas). 1 sacred mina = 60 shekel = 600 ml (approximately 1 cubic dva). 1 talent (volume) = 60 profane mina = 25 liters (approximately 1 cubic trayas).

The talent was a measure of weight used for large amounts of coinage (bullion, bulk coin), rather than an individual coin. Seven Babylonian talents equalled ten Attic talents, according to a list of the revenues of Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II of Persia) recorded in Herodotus. 𐎣𐎼𐏁 (karša) or 𐎣𐎼𐏁𐎹𐎠 (karšayā) is a unit of weight equal to 10 Babylonian shekels or 1/6 Babylonian mina weighing approximately .

Some related units were used in Persia in the 19th century, and are still used in contemporary Iran.

1 chenica = 1.32 liters.