Провинция Куангнинь: История и География Вьетнама

Province of Vietnam

Quảng Ninh or Quangninh is a province along the northeastern coast of Vietnam. It is about 153 km (95 mi) east of Hanoi, comprising four cities, two district level towns and seven rural districts. The provincial capital is Hạ Long. The province covers an area of

Quảng Ninh has a Human Development Index of 0.769 (high), ranking sixth among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam.

The name of Quảng Ninh province is the compound name of two former provinces: Quảng Yên and Hải Ninh according to the naming of President Ho Chi Minh.

The province has the shape of an oblique rectangle inclined in a northeast to southwest direction. To the west, the province borders an extended forest and mountain region. To the east, it is adjacent to the Gulf of Bắc Bộ. It features a meandering coastline, estuaries and tidal flats and more than 2,000 large and small islands. Exactly 1,030 of these have been named. Quảng Ninh's coordinates are longitude 106º25′ to 108º25′ east and latitude 20º40′ to 21º40′ north. Its width from east to west is 195 km (at the widest part).

Quảng Ninh is a land of rich history. In Hạ Long Bay area has archaeological remains of prehistoric people from 3000 to 1500 BC. This period is characterized as Hạ Long culture with many archaeological shells used as jewelry and money exchange, ancient animal bones, and human bones. This land of Quảng Ninh is one of the 15 tribes of Văn Lang State.

After the invasion of occupied Tonkin, in 1899 the French part Quảng Yên established Hải Ninh province. Seeing coal mineral resources. French colonialists increase in mining zones Hong Gai, Mao Khe, Vang Danh, Cam Pha Town, Ha Tu, etc. Established the Northern Coal Company of France (SFCT) exclusive exploitation and consumption of coal, power scavenged resources and exploitation of colonies. Along with the coal industry, Quảng Ninh is one of the Vietnamese working class formed the earliest. The general strike of more than 30,000 miners 12 November 1936 demanding higher wages reduce the hours of glorious victory has become one of the most iconic historical events of the Vietnamese revolutionary movement during play for civil rights democracy and national independence. Later became the traditional date of the mines: Date indomitable mines. After the August Revolution in 1945, Vietnam's independence, the government at the hands of the people. 1963 platform is the Hong Quang and provinces Hải Ninh Government Democratic Republic of Vietnam established the province Quảng Ninh. According to the setting of Ho Chi Minh, the name of the province is the name of two transplant Quảng Yên and Hải Ninh old. During the Sino Vietnamese War, the province was the site of the Battle of Móng Cái and the Battle of Cao Ba Lanh. The area of the province of Quảng Ninh is 8,239.243 km ².

The province has number of attractions connected with the landforms such as the mountains and the sea or the bay, religious places of worship and festivals. Some of these are:

Two popular temples in the province are the Cua Ong Temple is located on a mountain overlooking low Bai Tu Long Bay, and the Tien Temple located next to the headquarters of People's Committee of Cam La commune. The Van Don International Airport serves the province. Hanoi's Noi Bai International Airport is linked to the Mong Cai International Border Gate over a road distance of 288 km. The Hanoi–Hạ Long (Cai Lan port) railway line has been improved. Rail links of 64 km length connect to industries in the province. The water transport is provided by its many rivers and the sea ports such as the Cai Lan port (largest deep water port in North Vietnam is under further expansion to handle cargo of 7–10 million tonnes per year. Another port is the Cu Ong port, which can handle ships of 65,000–70,000 DWT capacity. Other minor ports in the coastline of the province are the Bo, Cau Trang, B12, Mui Chua, Dien Cong, Bach Thai Buoi, Tien Yen and Dan Tien. The Bính Bridge crosses the Cấm River and ultimately connects the province with the city of Hai Phong.