Dungeons & Dragons Online: История и Эволюция MMORPG

Dungeons & Dragons Online is a massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG) developed by Turbine for Microsoft Windows and OS X. The game was originally marketed as Dungeons & Dragons Online: Stormreach. Upon switching to a hybrid free to play model it was renamed Dungeons & Dragons Online: Eberron Unlimited. The game was rebranded Dungeons & Dragons Online, with the introduction of Forgotten Realms related content. Turbine developed Dungeons & Dragons Online as an online adaptation of Dungeons & Dragons (D&D), originally based loosely on the D&D 3.5 rule set. The game is set on the unexplored continent of Xen'drik within the Eberron campaign setting, and in the Kingdom of Cormyr within the Forgotten Realms campaign setting.

Quests are narrated by a Dungeon Master, and some of the early voiceover work was done by Dungeons & Dragon co creators Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson.

Dungeons & Dragons Online: Stormreach was developed by Turbine over two years. The initial prototype and concept were created by Jason Booth, Dan Ogles, Cardell Kerr, Ken Troop, and Michael Sheidow, in coordination with Wizards of the Coast, the publisher of Dungeons & Dragons. Gary Gygax provided some narration before his death.

After testing was complete, a special head start event began on February 24 for those who pre ordered, with the game opening to the public on February 28. As of April 2008, there were less than 100,000 subscribers for the game. In June 2009, Dungeons & Dragons Online reopened beta testing, in preparation for their new free to play subscription structure. The free to play business model was introduced with the Eberron Unlimited upgrade in the summer of 2009. After the game went free to play, the company said subscriptions increased 40 percent by October 13 of the same year. Engadget noted pros and cons from a player's perspective with the change. A beta of the OS X version was released on December 17, 2012.

By June 2009, Dungeons & Dragons Online was converted to a subscriptionless "free to play" game for players in North America, under the new name Dungeons & Dragons Online: Eberron Unlimited. The level cap was increased to level 20 and free users had access to the majority of game content; some features have to be purchased with Dungeons & Dragons Online points or unlocked through play. There is a VIP access with additional features available, as well as free DDO points. Closed beta registration opened on June 9. The game and contents were free to download on September 1 for VIP members and September 9 for the general North American public. By December 2016, Turbine was no longer developing the game, and a new studio was formed under the name Standing Stone Games, the staff of whom would be ex Turbine. The publishing of the game was transferred from Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment to Daybreak Game Company. While a reason was not given for the transition, it was assured that the game would continue with new development.

Turbine released its first Menace of the Underdark expansion in June 2012. The expansion increased the maximum character level and added the druid class. The Shadowfell Conspiracy was released in August 2013. It increased the maximum character level to 28, added 4 new races (iconic heroes) and new adventure pack located in Cormyr. With the Mists of Ravenloft, released in December 2017, players venture to the lands of Barovia and ultimately fight Strahd von Zarovich. Additional features include the Aasimar race in two flavors, Vistani knife fighter, or Sentient weapons. The Masterminds of Sharn, released in May 2019, sends players to Sharn, the City of Towers. It introduced two variants of the Tiefling race and a new fighting style: dual wielding crossbows. In the Fables of the Feywild, released in November 2020, players travel into the mystical plane of the Feywild. Apart from new adventures among the fey, the update also introduces two variants of the Shifter race, unicorn mounts, and a universal enhancement tree: the Feydark Illusionist. In the mini expansion released in August 2021 players uncover The Sinister Secret of Saltmarsh. The update also includes the Horizon Walker enhancement tree, granting new options to bow users. The Isle of Dread, released in June 2022, increases the level cap to 32 and introduces two variants of the feline Tabaxi race. In Vecna Unleashed, released in August 2023, players help Morgrave University neutralize the threat posed by Vecna. The mini expansion brings balance adjustments to several classes and introduces the Machrotechnic epic destiny. The 2024 expansion planned for Q2 takes players to the ruins of Myth Drannor to interfere with the plans of the Red Wizards.

IGN ranked Dungeons & Dragons Online No. 11 on their list of "The Top 11 Dungeons & Dragons Games of All Time" in 2014. The magazine described as the "first MMORPG to prove that free to play payment plans were viable alternatives to the then dominant subscription model". Robert Hold of the NPR gave it a positive review, although he said some of the exposition seemed obvious.