Введение
Историческая президентская яхта Египта
El Mahrousa (المحروسة, literally "The Protected"), officially renamed for a period of time as El Horreya (الحرية, "Freedom"), is a super yacht that serves as Egypt's presidential yacht, and previously served as the country's royal yacht. She was built by the British ship building firm Samuda Brothers in 1863 to the order of Egyptian Khedive Ismail Pasha and was handed over to its crew two years later. El Mahrousa underwent a number of important alterations during its years of service, including the replacement of her paddle wheel engines by turbine driven propellers in 1905; the installation of a wireless telegraph in 1912 and a diesel fueled system in 1919; as well as multiple feet lengthenings throughout that period. She also witnessed much of Egypt's modern history since she was first commissioned in the 19th century up till now. The yacht carried three Egyptian rulers to their exile abroad, namely Khedive Ismail, Khedive Abbas II and King Farouk I, along with the latter's recently born son, Fuad II, the last ruling members of the Muhammad Ali dynasty. This marked the end of the monarchy in Egypt following the 1952 revolution and the founding of the Republic of Egypt, after which the yacht joined the Egyptian Navy and was renamed El Horreya
The yacht continued to play a role in the country's post revolutionary history and participated in the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebrations. She took Egypt's president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, to numerous locations and she notably sailed with President Anwar Sadat to Jaffa, Israel, during the 1979 peace talks between Egypt and Israel. She was renamed back to El Mahrousa in 2000 and became the first ship to cross the New Suez Canal extension in 2015.
Эль-Махруса (المحروسة, буквально "Защищённая"), официально на некоторое время переименованная в Эль-Хоррея (الحرية, "Свобода"), – суперъяхта, которая служит президентской яхтой Египта и ранее являлась королевской яхтой страны. Она была построена британской судостроительной фирмой Samuda Brothers в 1863 году по заказу египетского хедива Исмаила-паши и передана экипажу два года спустя. В годы службы «Эль-Махруса» претерпела ряд важных изменений, включая замену двигателей с гребными колёсами на турбинные винты в 1905 году, установку беспроводного телеграфа в 1912 году и дизельной системы в 1919 году, а также несколько удлинений корпуса в течение этого периода. Она также была свидетелем значительной части современной истории Египта с момента её введения в эксплуатацию в XIX веке и до наших дней. На яхте находились три египетских правителя, отправленные в изгнание за границу: хедив Исмаил, хедив Аббас II и король Фарук I, вместе с его новорождённым сыном Фуадом II – последними правящими членами династии Мухаммеда Али. Это ознаменовало конец монархии в Египте после революции 1952 года и основания Республики Египет, после чего яхта вошла в состав египетского флота и была переименована в Эль-Хоррея.
El Mahrousa (المحروسة, literally "The Protected"), officially renamed for a period of time as El Horreya (الحرية, "Freedom"), is a super yacht that serves as Egypt's presidential yacht, and previously served as the country's royal yacht. She was built by the British ship building firm Samuda Brothers in 1863 to the order of Egyptian Khedive Ismail Pasha and was handed over to its crew two years later. El Mahrousa underwent a number of important alterations during its years of service, including the replacement of her paddle wheel engines by turbine driven propellers in 1905; the installation of a wireless telegraph in 1912 and a diesel fueled system in 1919; as well as multiple feet lengthenings throughout that period. She also witnessed much of Egypt's modern history since she was first commissioned in the 19th century up till now. The yacht carried three Egyptian rulers to their exile abroad, namely Khedive Ismail, Khedive Abbas II and King Farouk I, along with the latter's recently born son, Fuad II, the last ruling members of the Muhammad Ali dynasty. This marked the end of the monarchy in Egypt following the 1952 revolution and the founding of the Republic of Egypt, after which the yacht joined the Egyptian Navy and was renamed El Horreya
The yacht continued to play a role in the country's post revolutionary history and participated in the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebrations. She took Egypt's president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, to numerous locations and she notably sailed with President Anwar Sadat to Jaffa, Israel, during the 1979 peace talks between Egypt and Israel. She was renamed back to El Mahrousa in 2000 and became the first ship to cross the New Suez Canal extension in 2015.
Яхта продолжала играть роль в послереволюционной истории страны и участвовала в праздновании двухсотлетия Соединённых Штатов в 1976 году. Она доставила президента Египта Гамаля Абдель Насера во множество мест и, в частности, сопровождала президента Анвара Садата в Яффу (Израиль) во время мирных переговоров между Египтом и Израилем в 1979 году. В 2000 году ей было возвращено имя Эль-Махруса, и она стала первым судном, прошедшим по новому расширению Суэцкого канала в 2015 году.
El Mahrousa (المحروسة, literally "The Protected"), officially renamed for a period of time as El Horreya (الحرية, "Freedom"), is a super yacht that serves as Egypt's presidential yacht, and previously served as the country's royal yacht. She was built by the British ship building firm Samuda Brothers in 1863 to the order of Egyptian Khedive Ismail Pasha and was handed over to its crew two years later. El Mahrousa underwent a number of important alterations during its years of service, including the replacement of her paddle wheel engines by turbine driven propellers in 1905; the installation of a wireless telegraph in 1912 and a diesel fueled system in 1919; as well as multiple feet lengthenings throughout that period. She also witnessed much of Egypt's modern history since she was first commissioned in the 19th century up till now. The yacht carried three Egyptian rulers to their exile abroad, namely Khedive Ismail, Khedive Abbas II and King Farouk I, along with the latter's recently born son, Fuad II, the last ruling members of the Muhammad Ali dynasty. This marked the end of the monarchy in Egypt following the 1952 revolution and the founding of the Republic of Egypt, after which the yacht joined the Egyptian Navy and was renamed El Horreya
The yacht continued to play a role in the country's post revolutionary history and participated in the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebrations. She took Egypt's president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, to numerous locations and she notably sailed with President Anwar Sadat to Jaffa, Israel, during the 1979 peace talks between Egypt and Israel. She was renamed back to El Mahrousa in 2000 and became the first ship to cross the New Suez Canal extension in 2015.
История
Она была спроектирована Оливером Лангом. Два года спустя Хедив Исмаил-паша использовал корабль для турне с целью приглашения европейских монархов на открытие Суэцкого канала. Это старейшая действующая суперъяхта в мире и одиннадцатая по величине в 2023 году. Корабль находится под опекой египетского военно-морского флота и время от времени используется в качестве президентской яхты. Корабль выходит в море примерно три раза в год, как правило, всего на один день. 10 сентября 2000 года, после посещения "Эль-Хоррея", президент Хосни Мубарак вернул кораблю его первоначальное название – "Махрусса".
Изменения
Дважды за историю судна были произведены значительные изменения в его длине. В 1872 году судно удлинили на 40 футов (12 м), а в 1905 году – еще на 16,5 футов (5 м). Реконструкция 1905 года была проведена на верфи Pointhouse Shipyard компании A & J Inglis в Глазго, Шотландия, и включала замену двух гребных колес на тройные винты, приводимые в движение паровыми турбинами, построенными Inglis на Warroch Street Engine Works в Глазго. Inglis была одной из первых компаний, получивших лицензию от Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company, Wallsend на строительство паровых турбин на собственных мощностях.