Введение
Провинциальный парк в Британской Колумбии, Канада.
Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada
Провинциальный парк Северные Скалистые горы расположен в северо-восточной части провинции Британская Колумбия, Канада, в 90 км к юго-западу от Форт-Нелсона. С севера парк граничит с шоссе Аляска. Доступ к парку в основном осуществляется по воде, воздуху, верхом на лошади или пешком. Площадь парка составляет 6 657,1 км², что делает его самой большой охраняемой территорией в зоне управления Мусква-Кечика и третьим по величине провинциальным парком в Британской Колумбии. Парк граничит с провинциальным парком Стоун-Маунтин на северо-западе и с провинциальным парком Квадача на юго-западе, образуя обширную непрерывную охраняемую территорию в хребтах Мусква Канадских Скалистых гор.
Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is located in the north eastern part of the province, 90 km south west from Fort Nelson and it is bordered to the north by the Alaska Highway. Access is mostly done by boat, aircraft, on horseback or by hiking. At 6,657.1 km2, it is the largest protected area in the Muskwa Kechika Management Area and the third largest provincial park in British Columbia. The park borders Stone Mountain Provincial Park to the north west and Kwadacha Wilderness Provincial Park to the south west, creating a large contiguous protected area in the Muskwa Ranges of the Canadian Rockies.
История
Провинциальный парк Северных Скалистых гор является крупнейшим охраняемым объектом в районе управления Мусква-Кечика – территории дикой природы, учрежденной в 1998 году. Парк входит в число семи участков, рекомендованных к охране согласно Плану управления землями и ресурсами Форт-Нелсона 1997 года, благодаря его уникальному экологическому разнообразию. Парк был учрежден в декабре 1986 года. В июне 1999 года парк был расширен за счет включения рекреационной зоны Воккпаш для защиты экологического наследия этого района. В 2000 году была сформирована общественная консультативная группа для разработки плана управления парком. Этот процесс был приостановлен на несколько лет в связи с необходимостью расширения участия коренных народов, но возобновлен с 2019 года. В обновлении плана принимали участие общественность, заинтересованные стороны и представители коренных народов. Это позволило общественности предоставить дополнительную информацию посредством почты, онлайн-форм, встреч и открытых слушаний. Вся информация была собрана на веб-сайте и использована для разработки окончательного плана управления.
Northern Rockies Mountain Provincial Park is the largest protected site within the Muskwa Kechika Management Area, a wilderness area established in 1998. The park is among seven sites that are recommended to be protected by the 1997 Fort Nelson Land and Resource Management Plan due to its unique ecological diversity. The park is established in December 1986. In June 1999, the park was expanded with the inclusion of the Wokkpash Recreational Area to protect the ecological heritages of the area. In 2000, a public advisory group was formed to initiate a management planning process for the park. The process was suspended for several years due to the need of increasing participation of Indigenous people but has been resumed since 2019. The public, stakeholder, and the First Nations were all included for the update of the plan. This allowed public to give extra information through mails, online forms, meeting and open houses. All information were gathered on the webpage and was used to draft the final management plan.
География
Район примечателен разнообразием водных объектов, включая реки, ручьи, водопады, пороги, небольшие ледники и озера. К его рекам относятся Теца, Чиша и Мусква, а к ручьям – Гатто, Клуачеси, Дед-Дог и Хлотапекта. Самыми крупными водными объектами в этом районе являются верхнее и нижнее озера Тукоди, хотя также существуют и другие озера, такие как Клуачеси и Тетса.
The area is notable for a range of water features including rivers, streams, waterfalls, rapids, small glaciers and lakes. Its rivers include the Tetsa, Chischa, and Muskwa, and its creeks include the Gathto, Kluachesi, Dead Dog and Chlotapecta. The largest water features in the area are the upper and lower Tuckodi Lakes , though other lakes such as Kluachesi and Tetsa exist.
Экология
В Национальном парке Скалистых гор находятся различные виды животных, находящихся под угрозой; при этом парк также является подходящей средой обитания для других видов. Он предоставляет прекрасные условия для жизни животных, включая лосей, вапити, горного барана и горных козлов. В этом районе также часто встречаются гризли и черные медведи. Наличие разнообразной кормовой базы позволяет этим медведям существовать в данной среде обитания. Вокруг парка обитают различные виды, включая животных, растения и другие организмы. Растений здесь больше, чем животных. К животным относятся млекопитающие, птицы, рыбы, а также амфибии и рептилии. К растениям относятся водоросли, лишайники, мхи и печеночники, деревья и кустарники, а также дикорастущие цветы. Важными видами рыб в парке являются озерная форель, радужная форель, бычья форель, арктический хариус и озерный сиг.
There are different kinds of animals at risk in Rocky Mountain National Park; at the same time, the park is also suitable for other species to live, as a habitat. It provides great environment for animals including moose, elk, stone sheep, and mountain goats. Grizzly bears and black bears are also commonly found in the area. The existence of different prey animals allow these bears to sustain within the habitat. Different types of species live around the park, including animals, plants, and others. More plants can be found rather than animals. Types of animals are included with mammals, birds, fish, and amphibians & reptiles. Plants are included with algae, lichens, mosses & liverworts, trees & shrubs and wildflowers. Lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, arctic grayling and lake whitefish are the important species in the park.
Изменение климата
Удаленность и дикая природа провинциального парка Северных Скалистых гор создают потенциальную возможность для растений и видов адаптироваться к изменению климата. Тем не менее, прогнозы указывают на вероятное повышение температуры и влажности в парке в будущем. Изменение климата окажет влияние на определенные аспекты экологической системы парка. Вечная мерзлота в бореальных лесах подвергается повышенной угрозе таяния. Кустарниковые зоны могут расшириться в результате миграции деревьев вверх по склонам и сокращения подзоны Boreal Altai Fescue Alpine BEC. Однако оставшаяся подзона может послужить убежищем для находящихся под угрозой экологических сообществ.
The remoteness and wilderness of Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park has made it potentially an area for the plants and species to adapt to climate change. Nevertheless, projection has indicated that the temperature and humidity within the park will likely increase in the future. Climate change will impact certain aspects of the ecological system of the park. The boreal forest permafrost faces a greater threat of melting. Shrub zones could expand due to trees moving to upper elevations and reduction of Boreal Altai Fescue Alpine BEC subzone. The remaining subzone, however, could be a refuge area for at risk ecological communities.
Посетители, мероприятия и объекты
За последние 20 лет более 10 000 студентов и учителей ежегодно посещали парк и участвовали в образовательной и просветительской программе Рокки, и это число постоянно растет. Благодаря таким мероприятиям, как полевые выезды и лекции, студенты могут узнать больше об экологии, дикой природе, истории и культуре парка. Приветствуется широкий спектр активностей, однако для большинства из них требуется опыт и знания о дикой местности.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Примечания о видах деятельности:
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Каноэ: Рекомендуется для опытных гребцов. Необходимо планирование.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Альпинизм: Для альпинистов доступны специальные зоны.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Рыбалка: По лицензии разрешена ловля озерной форели, радужной форели, бычьей форели, арктического гольца и озерного омуля, среди прочих видов.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Пешие прогулки: Доступны обозначенные маршруты. Необходимо соблюдать указатели.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Верховая езда: Специальных троп нет; требуется опыт езды.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Охота: Охотничьи туры организуются частными компаниями; действуют правила, которые необходимо соблюдать.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Домашние животные: Домашние животные приветствуются, но должны быть на поводке. Из-за дикой природы их не следует брать в отдаленные районы.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Наблюдение за дикой природой: Можно увидеть черных медведей, гризли, лосей, карибу, горных козлов, каменных баранов, волков и оленей.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Зимние развлечения: Зимой разрешено катание на снегоходах.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Примечания:
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Костры: Костры должны быть небольшими.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.
Дикая природа/Пеший туризм: Разрешен кемпинг в дикой природе, но удобства отсутствуют. Существуют примитивные стоянки, но их содержание не гарантируется.
In the last 20 years, over 10000 students and teachers came to the park each year and joined into Rocky’s Education and Outreach Program, and the number are continuously going up. By taking activities like field trips and lectures, students can learn more about the ecology, wildlife, history and culture of this park. A range of activities is welcome, though most opportunities require experience in and knowledge of the wilderness. ActivityNotesCanoeingRecommended for experienced paddlers. Planning is necessary. ClimbingClimbing areas are available to mountaineers. FishingThose with a licence may catch lake trout, rainbow trout, bull trout, Arctic grayling and lake whitefish, among others. HikingDesignated trails available. Signs should be heeded. Horseback ridingNo designated trails; riders should be experienced. HuntingHunting excursions available by private companies; regulations exist and must be followed. Pets on leashPets are welcome but must be leashed. They should not be brought to backcountry areas due to wildlife. Wildlife viewingBlack bears, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, goats, Stone sheep, wolf and deer may all be spotted. Winter recreationSnowmobiling is possible in the winter. FacilitiesNotesCampfiresCampfires should be kept small. Walk In/Wilderness CampingWilderness camping is welcome but no facilities are available. Primitive campsites exist but are unlikely to be maintained.