Введение
Обзор роли католической церкви в Швейцарии
The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch katholische Landeskirche, , , ) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021. The six dioceses are:
Diocese of Basel whose ordinary is Bishop Felix Gmür
Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg whose ordinary is Bishop Charles Morerod
Diocese of Chur whose ordinary is Bishop Joseph Maria Bonnemain
Diocese of Lugano whose ordinary is Bishop Valerio Lazzeri
Diocese of Saint Gallen whose ordinary is Bishop Markus Büchel
Diocese of Sion whose ordinary is Bishop Jean Marie Lovey
The two territorial abbeys, which do not belong to any bishopric, are
St. Maurice's Abbey in the Canton of Valais, which is the longest continuously inhabited monastery in Europe, whose Abbot was Joseph Roduit,
Einsiedeln Abbey, in the Canton of Schwyz
In contrast to most Catholic dioceses, Swiss bishoprics are exempt, i. e. immediately subject to the jurisdiction of the Holy See, without any Metropolitan see. The bishops and the two territorial abbots are organised within the Swiss Bishops Conference. In the last thirty years, mainly during the conflict over the appointment of Wolfgang Haas as Bishop of Chur, there have been discussions to make a major reform of the structure of the Catholic Church in Switzerland, which would probably also lead to the establishment of a metropolitan see (probably in Lucerne). However, discussions remain unresolved especially about the status of the Canton of Zürich as part of the Diocese of Chur, the large but splinted extend of the Diocese of Basel and the lack of a Metropolitan see stay unresolved. The status of Catholicism in Switzerland is complicated further by the existence of Landeskirchen (Catholic cantonal churches), imposed by anti clerical cantonal governments in the 19th century and organised along democratic lines and control the application of funds collected through church taxes. Most cantonally delineated Catholic church bodies are members in their umbrella Roman Catholic Central Conference of Switzerland (RKZ, official names in link=no, , , ). Currently, there are two living Cardinal from Switzerland, Kurt Koch and Emil Paul Tscherrig. The most recent cardinals are Gilberto Agustoni died in 2017 and Henri Schwery in 2021. Kurt Cardinal Koch participated in the 2013 Papal conclave.
Католическая церковь в Швейцарии (Römisch katholische Landeskirche) организована в шесть епархий и два территориальных аббатства, объединяющих приблизительно 2,9 миллиона католиков, что составляет около 33,8% населения Швейцарии в 2021 году. Шесть епархий:
The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch katholische Landeskirche, , , ) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021. The six dioceses are:
Diocese of Basel whose ordinary is Bishop Felix Gmür
Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg whose ordinary is Bishop Charles Morerod
Diocese of Chur whose ordinary is Bishop Joseph Maria Bonnemain
Diocese of Lugano whose ordinary is Bishop Valerio Lazzeri
Diocese of Saint Gallen whose ordinary is Bishop Markus Büchel
Diocese of Sion whose ordinary is Bishop Jean Marie Lovey
The two territorial abbeys, which do not belong to any bishopric, are
St. Maurice's Abbey in the Canton of Valais, which is the longest continuously inhabited monastery in Europe, whose Abbot was Joseph Roduit,
Einsiedeln Abbey, in the Canton of Schwyz
In contrast to most Catholic dioceses, Swiss bishoprics are exempt, i. e. immediately subject to the jurisdiction of the Holy See, without any Metropolitan see. The bishops and the two territorial abbots are organised within the Swiss Bishops Conference. In the last thirty years, mainly during the conflict over the appointment of Wolfgang Haas as Bishop of Chur, there have been discussions to make a major reform of the structure of the Catholic Church in Switzerland, which would probably also lead to the establishment of a metropolitan see (probably in Lucerne). However, discussions remain unresolved especially about the status of the Canton of Zürich as part of the Diocese of Chur, the large but splinted extend of the Diocese of Basel and the lack of a Metropolitan see stay unresolved. The status of Catholicism in Switzerland is complicated further by the existence of Landeskirchen (Catholic cantonal churches), imposed by anti clerical cantonal governments in the 19th century and organised along democratic lines and control the application of funds collected through church taxes. Most cantonally delineated Catholic church bodies are members in their umbrella Roman Catholic Central Conference of Switzerland (RKZ, official names in link=no, , , ). Currently, there are two living Cardinal from Switzerland, Kurt Koch and Emil Paul Tscherrig. The most recent cardinals are Gilberto Agustoni died in 2017 and Henri Schwery in 2021. Kurt Cardinal Koch participated in the 2013 Papal conclave.
Епархия Базеля, ординарием которой является епископ Феликс Гмюр;
Епархия Лозанны, Женевы и Фрибурга, ординарием которой является епископ Шарль Морерод;
Епархия Чура, ординарием которой является епископ Иосиф Мария Боннеман;
Епархия Лугано, ординарием которой является епископ Валерио Лаззери;
Епархия Санкт-Галлена, ординарием которой является епископ Маркус Бюхель;
Епархия Сиона, ординарием которой является епископ Жан-Мари Лави.
The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch katholische Landeskirche, , , ) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021. The six dioceses are:
Diocese of Basel whose ordinary is Bishop Felix Gmür
Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg whose ordinary is Bishop Charles Morerod
Diocese of Chur whose ordinary is Bishop Joseph Maria Bonnemain
Diocese of Lugano whose ordinary is Bishop Valerio Lazzeri
Diocese of Saint Gallen whose ordinary is Bishop Markus Büchel
Diocese of Sion whose ordinary is Bishop Jean Marie Lovey
The two territorial abbeys, which do not belong to any bishopric, are
St. Maurice's Abbey in the Canton of Valais, which is the longest continuously inhabited monastery in Europe, whose Abbot was Joseph Roduit,
Einsiedeln Abbey, in the Canton of Schwyz
In contrast to most Catholic dioceses, Swiss bishoprics are exempt, i. e. immediately subject to the jurisdiction of the Holy See, without any Metropolitan see. The bishops and the two territorial abbots are organised within the Swiss Bishops Conference. In the last thirty years, mainly during the conflict over the appointment of Wolfgang Haas as Bishop of Chur, there have been discussions to make a major reform of the structure of the Catholic Church in Switzerland, which would probably also lead to the establishment of a metropolitan see (probably in Lucerne). However, discussions remain unresolved especially about the status of the Canton of Zürich as part of the Diocese of Chur, the large but splinted extend of the Diocese of Basel and the lack of a Metropolitan see stay unresolved. The status of Catholicism in Switzerland is complicated further by the existence of Landeskirchen (Catholic cantonal churches), imposed by anti clerical cantonal governments in the 19th century and organised along democratic lines and control the application of funds collected through church taxes. Most cantonally delineated Catholic church bodies are members in their umbrella Roman Catholic Central Conference of Switzerland (RKZ, official names in link=no, , , ). Currently, there are two living Cardinal from Switzerland, Kurt Koch and Emil Paul Tscherrig. The most recent cardinals are Gilberto Agustoni died in 2017 and Henri Schwery in 2021. Kurt Cardinal Koch participated in the 2013 Papal conclave.
Два территориальных аббатства, не входящие ни в одно епископство:
Аббатство Святого Мориса в кантоне Вале, являющееся самым старым непрерывно обитаемым монастырем в Европе, настоятелем которого был Иосиф Родуит;
Аббатство Эйнсидельн в кантоне Швиц.
The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch katholische Landeskirche, , , ) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021. The six dioceses are:
Diocese of Basel whose ordinary is Bishop Felix Gmür
Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg whose ordinary is Bishop Charles Morerod
Diocese of Chur whose ordinary is Bishop Joseph Maria Bonnemain
Diocese of Lugano whose ordinary is Bishop Valerio Lazzeri
Diocese of Saint Gallen whose ordinary is Bishop Markus Büchel
Diocese of Sion whose ordinary is Bishop Jean Marie Lovey
The two territorial abbeys, which do not belong to any bishopric, are
St. Maurice's Abbey in the Canton of Valais, which is the longest continuously inhabited monastery in Europe, whose Abbot was Joseph Roduit,
Einsiedeln Abbey, in the Canton of Schwyz
In contrast to most Catholic dioceses, Swiss bishoprics are exempt, i. e. immediately subject to the jurisdiction of the Holy See, without any Metropolitan see. The bishops and the two territorial abbots are organised within the Swiss Bishops Conference. In the last thirty years, mainly during the conflict over the appointment of Wolfgang Haas as Bishop of Chur, there have been discussions to make a major reform of the structure of the Catholic Church in Switzerland, which would probably also lead to the establishment of a metropolitan see (probably in Lucerne). However, discussions remain unresolved especially about the status of the Canton of Zürich as part of the Diocese of Chur, the large but splinted extend of the Diocese of Basel and the lack of a Metropolitan see stay unresolved. The status of Catholicism in Switzerland is complicated further by the existence of Landeskirchen (Catholic cantonal churches), imposed by anti clerical cantonal governments in the 19th century and organised along democratic lines and control the application of funds collected through church taxes. Most cantonally delineated Catholic church bodies are members in their umbrella Roman Catholic Central Conference of Switzerland (RKZ, official names in link=no, , , ). Currently, there are two living Cardinal from Switzerland, Kurt Koch and Emil Paul Tscherrig. The most recent cardinals are Gilberto Agustoni died in 2017 and Henri Schwery in 2021. Kurt Cardinal Koch participated in the 2013 Papal conclave.
В отличие от большинства католических епархий, швейцарские епископства являются экзархальными, то есть непосредственно подчиняются юрисдикции Святого Престола, без какой-либо митрополии. Епископы и два территориальных аббата организованы в рамках Швейцарской епископской конференции. В последние тридцать лет, особенно во время конфликта по поводу назначения Вольфганга Хааса епископом Чура, велись дискуссии о проведении масштабной реформы структуры католической церкви в Швейцарии, которая, вероятно, также приведет к учреждению митрополии (вероятно, в Люцерне). Однако дискуссии остаются нерешенными, в частности, вопросы о статусе кантона Цюрих как части епархии Чура, обширной, но раздробленной территории епархии Базеля и отсутствии митрополии. Статус католицизма в Швейцарии осложняется существованием Ландскирхен (католических кантональных церквей), введенных антиклерикальными кантональными правительствами в XIX веке, организованных по демократическим принципам и контролирующих использование средств, собранных посредством церковного налога. Большинство кантональных католических церковных органов являются членами Швейцарской римско-католической центральной конференции (RKZ). В настоящее время два кардинала из Швейцарии – Курт Кох и Эмиль Поль Цхерриг. Последними кардиналами были Гильберто Агустони, скончавшийся в 2017 году, и Анри Швери в 2021 году. Кардинал Курт Кох участвовал в папском конклаве 2013 года.
The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch katholische Landeskirche, , , ) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021. The six dioceses are:
Diocese of Basel whose ordinary is Bishop Felix Gmür
Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg whose ordinary is Bishop Charles Morerod
Diocese of Chur whose ordinary is Bishop Joseph Maria Bonnemain
Diocese of Lugano whose ordinary is Bishop Valerio Lazzeri
Diocese of Saint Gallen whose ordinary is Bishop Markus Büchel
Diocese of Sion whose ordinary is Bishop Jean Marie Lovey
The two territorial abbeys, which do not belong to any bishopric, are
St. Maurice's Abbey in the Canton of Valais, which is the longest continuously inhabited monastery in Europe, whose Abbot was Joseph Roduit,
Einsiedeln Abbey, in the Canton of Schwyz
In contrast to most Catholic dioceses, Swiss bishoprics are exempt, i. e. immediately subject to the jurisdiction of the Holy See, without any Metropolitan see. The bishops and the two territorial abbots are organised within the Swiss Bishops Conference. In the last thirty years, mainly during the conflict over the appointment of Wolfgang Haas as Bishop of Chur, there have been discussions to make a major reform of the structure of the Catholic Church in Switzerland, which would probably also lead to the establishment of a metropolitan see (probably in Lucerne). However, discussions remain unresolved especially about the status of the Canton of Zürich as part of the Diocese of Chur, the large but splinted extend of the Diocese of Basel and the lack of a Metropolitan see stay unresolved. The status of Catholicism in Switzerland is complicated further by the existence of Landeskirchen (Catholic cantonal churches), imposed by anti clerical cantonal governments in the 19th century and organised along democratic lines and control the application of funds collected through church taxes. Most cantonally delineated Catholic church bodies are members in their umbrella Roman Catholic Central Conference of Switzerland (RKZ, official names in link=no, , , ). Currently, there are two living Cardinal from Switzerland, Kurt Koch and Emil Paul Tscherrig. The most recent cardinals are Gilberto Agustoni died in 2017 and Henri Schwery in 2021. Kurt Cardinal Koch participated in the 2013 Papal conclave.
Однополые браки
В 2020 году граждане проголосовали на референдуме по вопросу однополых браков; 76% швейцарских католиков высказались за, а 23% – против. Правовая поправка была принята в 2021 году.