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Введение
Техасские горные озера – это цепочка пресноводных водохранилищ в Центральном Техасе, образованных плотинами на реке Колорадо ниже по течению. Техасская река Колорадо извивается на юго-восток от Западного Техаса к заливу Матагорда и Мексиканскому заливу. Бассейн реки Колорадо ниже по течению исторически подвержен сильным наводнениям. Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо (LCRA) построило плотины в 1930-х и 1940-х годах для регулирования паводков и выработки гидроэлектроэнергии. Озеро Леди Берд (ранее Таун-Лейк) и соответствующая плотина Лонгхорн иногда считаются седьмым «почётным» озером и плотиной Горных озёр, несмотря на то, что их строительство и управление осуществляет город Остин, а не LCRA. В отличие от других водохранилищ в этой цепочке, которые были построены прежде всего для предотвращения наводнений и выработки гидроэлектроэнергии, озеро Леди Берд было создано для обеспечения охлаждающего бассейна для новой электростанции города.
The Texas Highland Lakes are a chain of fresh water reservoirs in Central Texas formed by dams on the lower Colorado River. The Texas Colorado River winds southeast from West Texas to Matagorda Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The lower Colorado River basin has a history of major flooding. The Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) built the dams to manage floods and generate hydroelectric power in the 1930s and 1940s. Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) and the respective Longhorn Dam are sometimes considered the seventh "honorary" lake and dam of the Highland Lakes despite being commissioned and managed by the City of Austin instead of the LCRA. Unlike the other reservoirs in the chain which were constructed primarily to prevent flooding and generate hydroelectric power, Lady Bird Lake was constructed in order to provide a cooling pond for the city's new power plant. LakeDamYear completedManaging AuthorityLake area (acres)Lake length (mi)Max lake width (ft)Lake volume (acre ft)Dam length (ft)Dam height (ft)Lake BuchananBuchanan Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority22,45230.6526,000 (4.92mi)880,35610,988145.5Inks LakeInks Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority7774.23,00013,6681,547.596.5Lake LBJWirtz Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6,43221.1510,800131,6185,491.4118.3Lake Marble FallsMax Starcke Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6135.751,0807,597859.598.8Lake TravisMansfield Dam1942Lower Colorado River Authority19,0441,115,0767,089278Lake AustinTom Miller Dam1940Lower Colorado River Authority1,83020.251,30024,6441,590100.5Lady Bird LakeLonghorn Dam1960City of Austin41662,5007,15176036
The two largest lakes—Buchanan and Travis—are the reservoirs that store water supply for the region. The smaller lakes—Inks, LBJ, Marble Falls and Austin—are pass through lakes that are operated within a certain range. In all, the six official dams of the Highland Lakes have a hydroelectric power production capacity of 295MW, with Mansfield Dam alone able to provide 108MW. While Longhorn Dam has no hydroelectric production capacity, Lady Bird Lake served as a cooling pond for the 100MW Seaholm Power Plant and the 550MW Holly Street Power Plant until they were closed in 1996 and 2007, respectively.
ОзероПлотинаГод завершенияУправляющий органПлощадь озера (акров)Длина озера (миль)Максимальная ширина озера (футов)Объём озера (акрофутов)Длина плотины (футов)Высота плотины (футов)Озеро БьюкененПлотина Бьюкенен1938Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо22 45230,6526 000 (4,92 мили)880 35610 988145,5Озеро ИнксПлотина Инкс1938Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо7774,23 00013 6681 547,596,5Озеро LBJПлотина Виртц1951Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо6 43221,1510 800131 6185 491,4118,3Озеро Марбл-ФоллсПлотина Макс Старк1951Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо6135,751 0807 597859,598,8Озеро ТрэвисПлотина Мансфилд1942Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо19 0441,115,0767 089278Озеро ОстинПлотина Тома Миллера1940Управление рекой Нижней Колорадо1 83020,251 30024 6441 590100,5Озеро Леди БердПлотина Лонгхорн1960Город Остин41662 5007 15176036
The Texas Highland Lakes are a chain of fresh water reservoirs in Central Texas formed by dams on the lower Colorado River. The Texas Colorado River winds southeast from West Texas to Matagorda Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The lower Colorado River basin has a history of major flooding. The Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) built the dams to manage floods and generate hydroelectric power in the 1930s and 1940s. Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) and the respective Longhorn Dam are sometimes considered the seventh "honorary" lake and dam of the Highland Lakes despite being commissioned and managed by the City of Austin instead of the LCRA. Unlike the other reservoirs in the chain which were constructed primarily to prevent flooding and generate hydroelectric power, Lady Bird Lake was constructed in order to provide a cooling pond for the city's new power plant. LakeDamYear completedManaging AuthorityLake area (acres)Lake length (mi)Max lake width (ft)Lake volume (acre ft)Dam length (ft)Dam height (ft)Lake BuchananBuchanan Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority22,45230.6526,000 (4.92mi)880,35610,988145.5Inks LakeInks Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority7774.23,00013,6681,547.596.5Lake LBJWirtz Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6,43221.1510,800131,6185,491.4118.3Lake Marble FallsMax Starcke Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6135.751,0807,597859.598.8Lake TravisMansfield Dam1942Lower Colorado River Authority19,0441,115,0767,089278Lake AustinTom Miller Dam1940Lower Colorado River Authority1,83020.251,30024,6441,590100.5Lady Bird LakeLonghorn Dam1960City of Austin41662,5007,15176036
The two largest lakes—Buchanan and Travis—are the reservoirs that store water supply for the region. The smaller lakes—Inks, LBJ, Marble Falls and Austin—are pass through lakes that are operated within a certain range. In all, the six official dams of the Highland Lakes have a hydroelectric power production capacity of 295MW, with Mansfield Dam alone able to provide 108MW. While Longhorn Dam has no hydroelectric production capacity, Lady Bird Lake served as a cooling pond for the 100MW Seaholm Power Plant and the 550MW Holly Street Power Plant until they were closed in 1996 and 2007, respectively.
Два самых больших озера – Бьюкенен и Трэвис – являются водохранилищами, обеспечивающими водоснабжение региона. Меньшие озера – Инкс, LBJ, Марбл-Фоллс и Остин – являются проточными озёрами, работающими в определённом диапазоне уровней. В общей сложности шесть официальных плотин Горных озёр имеют мощность производства гидроэлектроэнергии 295 МВт, при этом только плотина Мансфилд способна выдавать 108 МВт. Хотя плотина Лонгхорн не имеет мощности по производству гидроэлектроэнергии, озеро Леди Берд служило охлаждающим бассейном для электростанции Seaholm мощностью 100 МВт и электростанции Holly Street мощностью 550 МВт до их закрытия в 1996 и 2007 годах соответственно.
The Texas Highland Lakes are a chain of fresh water reservoirs in Central Texas formed by dams on the lower Colorado River. The Texas Colorado River winds southeast from West Texas to Matagorda Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. The lower Colorado River basin has a history of major flooding. The Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) built the dams to manage floods and generate hydroelectric power in the 1930s and 1940s. Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) and the respective Longhorn Dam are sometimes considered the seventh "honorary" lake and dam of the Highland Lakes despite being commissioned and managed by the City of Austin instead of the LCRA. Unlike the other reservoirs in the chain which were constructed primarily to prevent flooding and generate hydroelectric power, Lady Bird Lake was constructed in order to provide a cooling pond for the city's new power plant. LakeDamYear completedManaging AuthorityLake area (acres)Lake length (mi)Max lake width (ft)Lake volume (acre ft)Dam length (ft)Dam height (ft)Lake BuchananBuchanan Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority22,45230.6526,000 (4.92mi)880,35610,988145.5Inks LakeInks Dam1938Lower Colorado River Authority7774.23,00013,6681,547.596.5Lake LBJWirtz Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6,43221.1510,800131,6185,491.4118.3Lake Marble FallsMax Starcke Dam1951Lower Colorado River Authority6135.751,0807,597859.598.8Lake TravisMansfield Dam1942Lower Colorado River Authority19,0441,115,0767,089278Lake AustinTom Miller Dam1940Lower Colorado River Authority1,83020.251,30024,6441,590100.5Lady Bird LakeLonghorn Dam1960City of Austin41662,5007,15176036
The two largest lakes—Buchanan and Travis—are the reservoirs that store water supply for the region. The smaller lakes—Inks, LBJ, Marble Falls and Austin—are pass through lakes that are operated within a certain range. In all, the six official dams of the Highland Lakes have a hydroelectric power production capacity of 295MW, with Mansfield Dam alone able to provide 108MW. While Longhorn Dam has no hydroelectric production capacity, Lady Bird Lake served as a cooling pond for the 100MW Seaholm Power Plant and the 550MW Holly Street Power Plant until they were closed in 1996 and 2007, respectively.