Румыниядағы 1996 жылғы президент сайлауы

General elections were held in Romania on 3 November 1996, with a second round of the presidential election on 17 November. Opinion polls prior to the elections suggested incumbent President Ion Iliescu of the Social Democracy Party of Romania (PDSR, formerly the Democratic National Salvation Front) would win a third term, though it was believed a large field of candidates would push him into a runoff. Iliescu received the most votes in the first round, just ahead of his 1992 run off opponent, Emil Constantinescu of the Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR). In the second round, Constantinescu defeated Iliescu with 54 percent of the vote. Iliescu conceded defeat soon after the polls closed. Constantinescu took office on 29 November, marking the first peaceful transfer of power since the fall of communism. To date, it is the only time since the introduction of direct presidential elections that an incumbent Romanian president has been defeated when running for re election. The 1996 Romanian presidential election was the third of its kind held in post 1989 Romania. The CDR, a broad coalition of parties opposing the governing centre left PDSR, also emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament, winning 122 of the 343 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 53 of the 143 seats in the Senate.

Name Lifespan Public Administration Experience Affiliation and endorsements Alma mater and profession Candidacy Emil ConstantinescuBorn: format=dmy(age 84)Tighina (de jure, Republic of Moldova; de facto Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic)Rector of University of Bucharest (1992–election day)Former presidential election:1992: 31.1% (2nd place, 1st round), 38.6% (2nd place, 2nd round)Affiliation: CDRFaculty of Law, University of Bucharest (1960)Faculty of Geology, University of Bucharest (1966)geology professorIon IliescuBorn: format=dmy(age 94)Oltenița, Călărași CountyPresident of Romania (1989–election day)President of Water Surfaces Management Council (1979–1984)Member of the State Council (full member: 1979–1980, observative: 1974–1979)President of Iași County Council (1974–1979)Vice President of Timiș County Council (1971–1974)Minister of Youth (1967–1971)Deputy (1957–1961, 1965–1973, 1975–1985)Former presidential elections:1992: 47.2% (1st place, 1st round), 61.4% (winner, 2nd round)1990: 85.1% (winner)Affiliation: PDSREnergy Institute, Moscow State University (1954)fluid mechanics engineer,publishing house managerPetre RomanBorn: format=dmy(age 77)BucharestDeputy (1990–election day)Prime Minister of Romania (1989–1991)Affiliation: Social Democratic UnionAlliance members: PD and PSDRFaculty of Energy, Politehnica University of Bucharest (1968)hydroelectric powerplant engineerGyörgy FrundaBorn: format=dmy(age 72)Târgu Mureș, Mureș CountySenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: UDMRFaculty of Law, Babeş Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca (1974)lawyerCorneliu Vadim TudorBorn: format=dmy(age 74)BucharestDied format=dmy, BucharestSenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: PRMFaculty of Philosophy, University of Bucharest (1971)journalist, writerGheorghe FunarBorn: format=dmy(age 74)Sânnicolau Mare, Timiș CountyMayor of Cluj Napoca (1992–election day)Former presidential election:1992: 10.8% (3rd place, 1st round)Affiliation: PUNRFaculty of Economics and Business Management, Babeș Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca (unknown year)economistTudor MohoraBorn: format=dmy(age 73)Bogdana, Teleorman CountyDeputy (1992–election day)Affiliation: Socialist PartyFaculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest (1974)chemistry teacherNicolae ManolescuBorn: format=dmy(age 84)Râmnicu Vâlcea, Vâlcea CountySenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: National Liberal AllianceFaculty of Philology, University of Bucharest (1962)writer, book criticAdrian PăunescuBorn: format=dmy(age 80)Copăceni, Sîngerei District, Republic of MoldovaDied format=dmy, BucharestSenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: PSMFaculty of Philology, University of Bucharest (1968)poetIoan Pop de PopaBorn: format=dmy(age 96)Oradea, Bihor CountyDeputy (1965–1973)Affiliation: Center National UnionFaculty of Medicine, Babeş Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca (1952)cardiologistGeorge MunteanBorn: format=dmy(age 91)Bilca, Suceava CountyAffiliation: Retirees PartyFaculty of Letters, University of Bucharest (1959)historian, journalistRadu CâmpeanuBorn: format=dmy(age 102), BucharestDied format=dmy, BucharestFormer presidential election:1990: 10.6% (2nd place)Affiliation: National Liberal Ecologist AllianceFaculty of Law, University of Bucharest (1945)Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Bucharest (1947)economistNuțu AnghelinaBorn: format=dmy(age 68)Buhuși, Bacău CountyAffiliation: noneFaculty of Orthodox Theology, unknown university (1986)orthodox priestConstantin MudavaBorn: format=dmy(age 89)Ghirdoveni, Dâmbovița CountyDied format=dmy, TârgovișteAffiliation: noneunknown educationholistic healerConstantin NiculescuBorn: format=dmy(age 84)Râmnicu Vâlcea, Vâlcea CountyAffiliation: National Party of MotoristsFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov (1960)mechanical engineerNicolae MilitaruBorn: format=dmy(age 98)Bălești, Gorj CountyDied format=dmy, BucharestMinister of Defence (1989–1990)Deputy Minister for Industrial Constructions (1978–1984)Deputy (1969–1975)Affiliation: noneFrunze Military Academy, Moscow (unknown year)military

Petre Roman, György Frunda, Gheorghe Funar, and Nicolae Manolescu openly endorsed Constantinescu in the second round. Corneliu Vadim Tudor, Tudor Mohora, and Adrian Păunescu openly endorsed Iliescu.

Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) members included the PNȚCD, PNL, PNL–CD (1 senator), PAR (3 senators), PER (1 senator), Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER) (1 senator).