Львівтің Личаків қабірстаны: тарих пен естеліктер алаңы

Cemetery in Lviv, Ukraine

Lychakiv Cemetery (Личаківський цвинтар; Cmentarz Łyczakowski we Lwowie), officially State History and Culture Museum Preserve "Lychakiv Cemetery" (Державний історико культурний музей заповідник «Лича́ківський цви́нтар»), is a historic cemetery in Lviv, Ukraine.

The Ukrainian National Army Memorial (Number 8 on the plan) is devoted to the Ukrainian National Army soldiers buried in the cemetery, including soldiers of the SS Division "Galicia". It was established due to the efforts of Ukrainian national patriotic organizations and the Ukrainian emigrant veterans' movement. It was established with the special effort of Ferentsevich Yuri, a division veteran, Ukrainian emigrant veterans' movement social activist and Plast (National Scout Organization of Ukraine) veteran who took an active part in the creation of memorials to the SS Division Galicia on the mountain Zhbyr and near the village of Chervone, Lviv Oblast.

On the north side of the Cemetery is situated Field of Mars (No. 1 on the plan), a war memorial built in 1974. This war memorial contains the graves of 3,800 Soviet soldiers who died in the battles against the Nazi occupiers during World War II) (named Great Patriotic War in Soviet ideology) and against units of Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) (acting up to the mid 1950s). On the wall of the memorial was written a verse: At the middle of the planetin the storm clouds thunderdeads are watching the skybelieving in the wisdom of livings Poetic writing in honor of the Soviet soldiers was eliminated at the direction of urban authorities in 1990s.

The Cemetery of the Defenders of Lwów (Cemetery of Eaglets, Cmentarz Orląt Lwowskich) is a memorial and a burial place for the Poles and their allies who died in Lviv during the hostilities of the Polish Ukrainian War (1918−1919) and Polish Soviet War (1919−1921). The complex is a part of the city's historic Lychakiv Cemetery. There are about 3000 graves in that part of the cemetery; some from the Lwów Eaglets young militia volunteers, after whom that part of the cemetery is named. It was one of the most famous necropolises of the interwar Poland. Lviv was a city in interwar Poland and at the time named Lwów. Due to the history of complex Polish Ukrainian relations, the Polish Eaglets Cemetery was neglected because the Ukrainian authorities did not want to rebuild this monument of young Polish soldiers defending the city in 1920s. Though in the late 1980s, workers of a Polish company which were working in Khmelnytskyi started to redecorate and rebuild the necropolis from its ruins (which was not always legal according to Ukrainian law). Although the Ukrainian authorities tried to stop the works several times, the Poles managed to renovate this important memorial of great Lvovians. Since 1999 there is also a monument to the Sich Riflemen located just outside the Polish mausoleum. Since the fall of communism, the cemetery had been rebuilt and refurbished. It was finally reopened on 24 June 2005.

In the back part of the cemetery (No. 6 on the plan) on a separate field indicated original steel crosses, located «1863 rebels' hill». Buried here are members Polish January Uprising of 1863, of which a member of the Polish Central National Committee Bronisław Szwarce, the famous zoologist Benedykt Dybowski, cornet Vitebsk land, resting under the central monument rebels Shimon Vizunas Shidlovsky, etc.