1971 жылғы авиациялық оқиғалар тізімі

List of aviation related events in 1971

This is a list of aviation related events from 1971.

The Peruvian Army reestablishes Peruvian Army Aviation. Assessing the prospects for the development of hypersonic airliners, John Becker and Frank Kirkham of the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations (NASAs) Langley Research Center project that a hypersonic transport (HST) capable of Mach 6 speeds and carrying 300 passengers from Los Angeles to Paris, France, in 2 hours 42 minutes could be operating by 1995. Erickson Air Crane Incorporated, the future Erickson Inc., is established. Trans European Airways begins flight operations, offering four flights with a Boeing 720.

Using CH 53A Sea Stallion helicopters, the U. S. Navys Helicopter Mine Countermeasures Squadron 12 (HM 12) and Mobile Mine Countermeaures Command begin the development of specifications for the U. S. Navys first air mine countermeasures aircraft. April 9 – The last major airmobile operation of the Vietnam War, Operation Lam Son 719, ends after North Vietnamese Army forces drive all South Vietnamese forces out of Laos with heavy casualties. Facing the heaviest antiaircraft artillery fire of the war, American helicopter crews have suffered casualties of 176 killed, 1,942 wounded, and 42 missing, with 107 helicopters destroyed and 600 damaged. The operation has demonstrated a need for the U. S. Army to develop a specialized antitank attack helicopter. April 25 – An Ecuadorian male passenger attempts to hijack an Avianca Boeing 727 59 (registration HK 1337) during a domestic flight in Colombia from Baranquilla to Medellín with 52 people on board. Passengers and crew members overpower him, and the airliner lands safely in Medellín. April 26 – Lieutenant Colonel Thomas B. Estes (pilot) and Major Dewain C. Vick (reconnaissance systems officer) make a record breaking nonstop flight of in an SR 71 Blackbird of the U. S. Air Forces 9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, at times exceeding Mach 3. They will receive the MacKay Trophy for the flight. April 29 – A male passenger hijacks Avianca Flight 81, a Boeing 720 flying from Los Angeles, California, to Bogotá, Colombia, with a stop en route at Mexico City, Mexico, and demands to be flown to Cuba. The airliner diverts to Panama City, Panama, where the hijacker is arrested.

The last United States Marine Corps helicopters depart Vietnam. June 6 – Hughes Airwest Flight 706, a McDonnell Douglas DC 9 31, and a United States Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F 4B 18 MC Phantom II of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 323 (VMFA 323) collide over the San Gabriel Mountains near Duarte, California. Both aircraft crash, killing all 49 people on board the DC 9 and one of the two men in the F 4B. June 11 – At O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Gregory White boards Trans World Airlines Flight 358, a Boeing 727 with 26 people on board preparing to depart for John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City, without a ticket. He threatens a flight attendant with a gun, demands to be flown to North Vietnam, and shoots passenger Howard Franks when Franks moves toward him; Franks is the first American airline passenger to be killed as a result of a hijacking. The other passengers panic and stampede off the aircraft. While White awaits departure, a Deputy United States Marshal enters through a cockpit window with two guns, giving one to a crew member. When White releases the flight attendant after takeoff, the deputy marshal and the crew member emerge from the cockpit and open fire, wounding White, who fires back and hides behind a row of seats. The airliner lands safely at John F. Kennedy International Airport, where White is wounded again in another exchange of gunfire with a Federal Bureau of Investigation agent and surrenders. Criticized for allowing White to get so far without a ticket, a Trans World Airlines spokesman rejects any changes to the airline's security policies. June 17 – After Piedmont Airlines Flight 25, a Boeing 737 200, arrives at Smith Reynolds Airport after a flight from New York City, Bobby Richard White enters the cockpit and orders the pilot to fly him to Cuba, claiming to have nitroglycerine and sulfuric acid in a bag that will explode if he dropped it. Receiving word that the bag did not explode when White casually tossed it onto a car seat before boarding the flight, officials concoct a plan to overpower him. A Piedmont Airlines official dressed as a pilot boards the plane, while a federal air marshal dressed as a pilot walks nearby and distracts White, allowing the Piedmont official to pin White against a wall. White's bag contains no explosives. June 18 – Southwest Airlines begins scheduled service with flights from Dallas Love Field to Houston and San Antonio. The airline obtained an air operator's certificate from the State of Texas in February 1968 but had spent 3 years overcoming lawsuits challenging the certificate's validity. June 20 – A male passenger with a knife hijacks an Avianca Douglas DC 4 (registration HK 115) shortly after takeoff from Montería, Colombia, demanding to flown to Mexico. The pilot lands the airliner at Medellin, Colombia, and tells the hijacker that they have arrived in Mexico. The crew then overpowers the hijacker. June 29 – A hijacker commandeers a Finnair Douglas DC 9 32 during a flight from Helsinki, Finland, to Copenhagen, Denmark. The hijacker is overpowered and the airliner completes its flight safely.

August 22 – A hijacker commandeers a United Arab Airlines Ilyushin Il 18 flying from Cairo, Egypt, to Amman, Jordan, demanding to be flown to Israel. The hijacker is subdued.

The Concorde crosses the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. Air Florida is founded. It will begin flight operations in September 1972. September 3 – Grabbing a stewardess aboard Eastern Airlines Flight 993 – a Douglas DC 9 flying from Chicago, Illinois, to Miami, Florida, with 86 people on board – about 20 minutes before landing in Miami, 20 year old Juan Miguel Borges Guerra holds an ice pick to her throat and demands to be taken to Havana, Cuba. Two Eastern Airlines employees riding aboard the plane as passengers overpower him. September 4 – Alaska Airlines Flight 1866, a Boeing 727 100, crashes into the eastern slope of a canyon in the Chilkat Range of the Tongass National Forest while on approach to land at Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board. It is the deadliest single plane crash in American history at the time, and will remain so until June 1975. September 6 – After the tank for its water injection engine thrust augmentation system is mistakenly filled with jet fuel instead of water, both engines of Paninternational Flight 112, a BAC 1 11 500, fail after takeoff from Hamburg Airport in Hamburg, West Germany. The flight crew makes an emergency landing on the Bundesautobahn 7 highway; the plane strikes a bridge, shearing off both wings and setting the plane on fire. Twenty two of the 121 people aboard die and 99 are injured. September 8 – A young woman pulls a hand grenade out from under her wig and hijacks an Alia Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle flying from Beirut, Lebanon, to Amman, Jordan, with 56 people on board. The airliner diverts to Benghazi, Libya, where she surrenders. September 11 – The Britten Norman Trislander makes its first flight. September 13 – Lin Biao, second in charge of the People's Republic of China, is killed in the crash of a Hawker Siddeley Trident near Öndörkhaan, Mongolia. September 16 – A hijacker a board an Alia Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle flying from Beirut, Lebanon, to Amman, Jordan, demands to be flown to Iraq. The hijacker is subdued. September 24 – At Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport in Detroit, Michigan, sky marshals arrest a female passenger aboard American Airlines Flight 124 – a Boeing 727 with 76 people on board – before takeoff for a flight to New York City. Carrying a handbag containing a gun and explosives, she had planned to hijack the airliner and demand the release from prison of Black Panther Party members.

In the Mediterranean, a U. S. Navy air mine countermeasures unit participates in an overseas exercise for the first time. October 1 – Aurigny Air Services commences operations with the Britten Norman Trislander. October 9 – When a visibly nervous 31 year old Richard Frederick Dixon is stopped for questioning while boarding Eastern Airlines Flight 953 – a Boeing 727 flying from Detroit, Michigan, to Miami, Florida, with 46 people on board – he pulls out a pistol, takes a stewardess hostage, and demands that the plane fly him to Cuba, saying that he admires radical activist Angela Davis and has a distaste for life in the United States. While Dixon holds his gun on the stewardess for three hours, the airliner's captain, who also had been hijacked to Cuba in 1961, flies the airliner to Cuba, where Cuban soldiers take Dixon into custody. October 10 – United Arab Airlines changes its name to EgyptAir. October 12 – Two passengers hijack an Avensa Convair CV 580 (registration YV C AVA) during a domestic flight in Venezuela from Barcelona to Caracas and demand that it fly them to Cuba. The airliner stops to refuel at Curaçao, where the hijackers release three mothers and their young children, then proceeds to Havana, Cuba. October 14 – The Hague Hijacking Convention, formally the "Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft," enters into force. It requires signatory countries to prohibit and punish the hijacking of civilian aircraft in situations in which an aircraft takes off or lands in a place different from its country of registration. It also establishes the principle of aut dedere aut judicare, which holds that a party to the convention must prosecute an aircraft hijacker if no other state requests his or her extradition for prosecution of the same crime. October 16 – A hijacker seizes control of an Olympic Airways NAMC YS 11 with 64 people on board during a domestic flight in Greece from Kalamata to Athens and demand that it fly to Lebanon. After the airliner lands at Athens, security forces storm it and arrest the hijacker. October 18 – Recently paroled after serving five years in prison for manslaughter and armed with a small caliber pistol, Del Lavon Thomas hijacks Wien Consolidated Airlines Flight 15 – a Boeing 737 200 with 35 people on board making a flight in Alaska from Anchorage to Bethel – and demands that it stop at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to refuel, then take him to Mexico City, Mexico. After it takes off from Vancouver to fly to Mexico City, Thomas changes his mind and orders it to return to Vancouver, where he enters into negotiations with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, hoping to find a way to avoid going to jail for his actions. After realizing that avoiding prison is impossible, he surrenders quietly to the police. October 20 – Six people hijack a SAETA Vickers Viscount during a domestic flight in Ecuador from Quito to Cuenca. October 25 – A hijacker commandeers Pan American World Airways Flight 98 – a Boeing 747 with 236 people on board flying from New York City to San Juan, Puerto Rico – and forces it to fly to Havana, Cuba. October 26 – A 20 year old hijacker armed with a gun seizes control of an Olympic Airways Douglas DC 6B with 64 people on board during a domestic flight in Greece from Athens to Crete and demands that it fly to Rome, Italy. Passengers overpower the hijacker. October 27 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo changes its name to Zaire, prompting its national airline to change its name from Air Congo to Air Zaïre.

November 10 – After its flight crew radios that it cannot reach its destination due to bad weather, a Merpati Nusantara Airlines Vickers Viscount bound for Padang on Sumatra in Indonesia crashes into the Indian Ocean off Padang, killing all 69 people on board. It is the deadliest aviation accident in Indonesian history at the time. November 13 – Armed with a sawed off shotgun, Paul Joseph Cini hijacks Air Canada Flight 812, a Douglas DC 8, during a domestic flight in Canada from Calgary, Alberta, to Toronto, Ontario, identifying himself as a member of the Irish Republican Army and threatening to blow up the plane with dynamite if he does not receive $1.5 million and a flight to Ireland. The airliner diverts to Great Falls, Montana, where Air Canada gives him $50,000, which was all the money it could scrape together on short notice. Cini accepts the reduced amount, and the DC 8 takes off to return to Calgary to refuel. During the flight to Calgary, Cini orders the flight crew to open an emergency exit so that he can parachute from the plane, but he unable to untie twine he has used to tie up a parachute he has brought aboard. When one of the pilots hands Cini a fire ax to use to cut the twine, Cini puts his shotgun down. The pilot kicks the shotgun away and grabs Cini, and another crew member fractures Cini's skull with the ax, bringing the hijacking to an end. Cini is arrested and jailed. November 17 – A hijacker takes control of an Arawak Airlines Beechcraft Model 99 making a domestic flight in Trinidad and Tobago from Port of Spain, Trinidad, to Tobago, demanding to be flown to Cuba. The plane returns to Trinidad, where the hijacker surrenders. November 24 – A man identifying himself as "Dan Cooper" uses a bomb threat to hijack Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 305 – a Boeing 727 51 with 35 other passengers and a crew of six on board flying from Portland, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington – demanding US$200,000 and four parachutes. Receiving the money and parachutes at Seattle Tacoma International Airport, he allows all passengers and two flight attendants to leave the plane, then orders it flown toward Mexico City; soon after takeoff, he parachutes from the plane with his money, and the airliner lands safely at Reno, Nevada, dragging its aft stairway down the runway. The hijacker is never seen or heard from again and also is never positively identified. The press mistakenly identifies "Dan Cooper" as "D. B. Cooper", the name of another individual questioned in the case, and he goes down in history incorrectly as "D. B. Cooper". November 27 – Three hijackers commandeer Trans World Airlines Flight 106 – a Boeing 727 with 49 people on board flying from Albuquerque, New Mexico, to Chicago, Illinois – and force it to fly to Cuba.

October 21 – Italair F.20 Pegaso I GEAV

Agusta Bell AB.212

February 15 – Boeing 747 200B with KLM.

The deadliest crash of this year was All Nippon Airways Flight 58, a Boeing 727 which collided with a Japanese Air Force Mitsubishi F 86F Sabre near Shizukuishi, Japan on 30 July, killing all 162 people onboard Flight 58. The deadliest single aircraft accident was Alaska Airlines Flight 1866, also a Boeing 727, which crashed into mountainous terrain near Juneau, Alaska, U. S. on 4 September, killing all 111 people on board.