Себрингтегі 12 сағаттық автожарыс

Annual car race at International Raceway, Sebring, Florida, US

The 12 Hours of Sebring is an annual motorsport endurance race for sports cars held at Sebring International Raceway, on the site of the former Hendricks Army Airfield World War II air base in Sebring, Florida, US. In the past, this race has been a round of the now defunct World Sportscar Championship, IMSA GT Championship and American Le Mans Series. In 2012, the race was the opening event of the FIA World Endurance Championship in a one off race before being returned back to the American Le Mans Series for 2013. Starting in 2014, the event became the second round of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship. The race is considered to be one of the three legs of the informal Triple Crown of endurance racing along with the 24 Hours of Le Mans and 24 Hours of Daytona.

The track opened in 1950 on an airfield and is a road racing course styled after those used in European Grand Prix motor racing. The first race was a six hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race was held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring. The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night. From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the World Sportscar Championship and the International Championship for Makes. In the 1950s, in addition to Le Mans, Sebring was on the calendar at the same time now legendary races such as the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana and the RAC Tourist Trophy were on the World Sportscar Championship calendar, such was the prestige of the Sebring race. It was also the most important American race for the European teams and drivers and was the center of European racing activity in the United States; it was the only time during the 1950s that the big European manufacturer teams and drivers came to the United States in force, bringing with them considerable international media attention—the United States Formula One Grand Prix was not run until 1959. Top drivers who competed on the European circuit in the 1950s such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Nino Farina, Stirling Moss and Mike Hawthorn all raced at Sebring, and the 1957 Sebring 12 Hours was the only American race the 5 time world champion Fangio ever won. In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two lane service roads. The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, more than in the race's prior 15 year history combined. as the track's technical layout and extremely bumpy surface, combined with south central Florida's perennial hot weather, is a major test of a car's reliability. Teams planning to compete at Le Mans regard Sebring as an ideal preparation run for the prestigious French race. In recent years, six overall victories have been achieved by the Audi R8, one fewer than the record seven wins of the Porsche 935. Tom Kristensen has won the race more times than anyone else, with six victories—in 1999–2000, 2005–2006, 2009 and in 2012. 2020 saw the race be rescheduled to mid November due to delays caused by the pandemic. It was also the first occurrence of the race behind closed doors. Races up until 1969 began with the traditional Le Mans start procedure, which was abolished at the end of the 1969 season following Jacky Ickx protesting at Le Mans 1969; 1970 was the first 12 Hours of Sebring started with a rolling start.

The 1966 race had Dan Gurney leading at the last lap, when his engine of his Shelby American Ford GT40 Mk II seized near the end. Gurney pushed his car over the finish line, beaten only by Ken Miles and Lloyd Ruby. However, his actions were ultimately determined to be against the rules and he did not receive credit for his finish. In 2005, the Chevrolet Corvette C6. R and Aston Martin DBR9 made their race debut in the hotly contested GT1 class, with Aston Martin winning its class for the first time in 49 years at Sebring ahead of the two Corvettes. Corvette had dominated the class the past three years with its previous generation C5R. The all new Audi R10 TDI won the 2006 edition of the race, the car's first ever run in competition. The much hyped Porsche RS Spyder campaigned by Penske Racing dropped to take 2nd place in its LMP2 class, behind the Intersport Lola car. The GT1 Corvette C6R team got their revenge against the Aston Martin, although the second Corvette came within 1/3 of a second of the podium in the closing laps of the race. 2007 saw Audi again winning in the R10 TDI despite requiring more frequent refueling due to changes in American Le Mans series rules intended to even the field between gasoline and diesel powered engines.

RankManufacturerWinsYears1 Porsche181960, 1968, 1971, 1973, 1976–1988, 20082 Ferrari121956, 1958–1959, 1961–1964, 1970, 1972, 1995, 1997–1998 3 Audi112000–2007, 2009, 2012–20134 Nissan51989–1991, 1994, 2018 Cadillac2017, 2019, 2021–20235 Ford41966–1967, 1969, 20147 Toyota21992–1993 BMW1975, 1999 Peugeot2010–201110 Crosly11950 Frazer Nash1952 Cunningham1953 O. S. C. A.1954 Jaguar1955 Maserati1957 Chaparral1965 Oldsmobile1996 Corvette2015 Honda2016 Mazda2020 Acura2024

Year Drivers Team Car Tires Distance Championship 3.3 mile/5.31 km circuit 1950 Fritz Koster Ralph Deshon Victor Sharpe/Tommy Cole Crosley HotShot (Sam Collier Memorial Sebring Grand Prix of Endurance Six Hours) Non championship 1951 Not held 5.382 mile/8.6 km circuit 1952 Harry Gray Larry Kulok Stuart Donaldson Frazer Nash Le Mans Replica American Automobile Association (AAA) 1953 Phil Walters John Fitch Briggs Cunningham Cunningham C 4R World Sportscar Championship 1954 Bill Lloyd Stirling Moss Briggs Cunningham O. S. C. A. MT4 World Sportscar Championship 1955 Mike Hawthorn Phil Walters Briggs Cunningham Jaguar D Type World Sportscar Championship 1956 Eugenio Castellotti Juan Manuel Fangio Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari 860 Monza World Sportscar Championship 1957 Juan Manuel Fangio Jean Behra Maserati Maserati 450S World Sportscar Championship 1958 Peter Collins Phil Hill Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari 250 TR 58 World Sportscar Championship 1959 Phil Hill Dan Gurney Chuck Daigh Olivier Gendebien Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari 250 TR 59 World Sportscar Championship 1960 Olivier Gendebien Hans Herrmann Joakim Bonnier Porsche RS 60 World Sportscar Championship 1961 Phil Hill Olivier Gendebien SpA Ferrari SEFAC Ferrari 250 TRI/61 World Sportscar Championship 1962 Lucien Bianchi Joakim Bonnier Scuderia SSS Republica di Venezia Ferrari 250 TRI/61 International Championship for GT Manufacturers 1963 John Surtees Ludovico Scarfiotti SpA Ferrari SEFAC Ferrari 250 P International Championship for GT Manufacturers 1964 Mike Parkes Umberto Maglioli SpA Ferrari SEFAC Ferrari 275 P International Championship for GT Manufacturers 1965 Jim Hall Hap Sharp Chaparral Cars Inc. Chaparral 2 Chevrolet International Championship for GT Manufacturers 1966 Lloyd Ruby Ken Miles Shelby American Inc. Ford X 1 Roadster International Championship for Sports Prototypes International Championship for Sports Cars 5.4 mile/8.66 km circuit 1967 Bruce McLaren Mario Andretti Ford Motor Company Ford Mk IV International Championship for Sports Prototypes International Championship for Sports Cars 1968 Jo Siffert Hans Herrmann Porsche Automobile Company Porsche 907 International Championship for Makes 1969 Jacky Ickx Jackie Oliver J. W. Automotive Engineering Ford GT40 MkI International Championship for Makes 1970 Ignazio Giunti Nino Vaccarella Mario Andretti SpA Ferrari SEFAC Ferrari 512 S International Championship for Makes 1971 Vic Elford Gérard Larrousse Martini Racing Porsche 917K International Championship for Makes 1972 Jacky Ickx Mario Andretti SpA Ferrari SEFAC Ferrari 312 PB World Championship for Makes 1973 Hurley Haywood Peter Gregg Dave Helmick Dave Helmick Porsche Carrera RSR IMSA GT Championship 1974 No race due to energy crisis 1975 Hans Joachim Stuck Brian Redman Allan Moffat Sam Posey BMW Motorsport BMW 3.0 CSL IMSA GT Championship 1976 Al Holbert Mike Keyser Holbert Porsche Audi Porsche Carrera RSR IMSA GT Championship 1977 George Dyer Brad Frisselle George Dyer Porsche Carrera RSR IMSA GT Championship 1978 Brian Redman Charles Mendez Bob Garretson Dick Barbour Racing Porsche 935 IMSA GT Championship 1979 Bob Akin Rob McFarlin Roy Woods Dick Barbour Racing Porsche 935 IMSA GT Championship 1980 John Fitzpatrick Dick Barbour Dick Barbour Racing Porsche 935 K3 IMSA GT Championship 1981 Bruce Leven Hurley Haywood Al Holbert Bayside Disposal Racing Porsche 935/80 IMSA GT ChampionshipWorld Endurance Championship 1982 John Paul Sr. John Paul Jr. JLP Racing Porsche 935 JLP 3 IMSA GT Championship 4.7 mile/7.52 km circuit 1983 Wayne Baker Jim Mullen Kees Nierop Personalized Autohaus Porsche 934 IMSA GT Championship 1984 Mauricio de Narvaez Hans Heyer Stefan Johansson De Narvaez Enterprises Porsche 935J IMSA GT Championship 1985 Bob Wollek A. J. Foyt Preston Henn Porsche 962 IMSA GT Championship 1986 Bob Akin Hans Joachim Stuck Jo Gartner Bob Akin Motor Racing Porsche 962 IMSA GT Championship 4.2 mile/6.85 km circuit 1987 Bobby Rahal Jochen Mass Bayside Disposal Racing Porsche 962 IMSA GT Championship 1988 Klaus Ludwig Hans Joachim Stuck Bayside Disposal Racing Porsche 962 IMSA GT Championship 1989 Geoff Brabham Arie Luyendyk Chip Robinson Electramotive Engineering Nissan GTP ZX Turbo IMSA GT Championship 1990 Bob Earl Derek Daly Nissan Performance Technology Nissan GTP ZX Turbo IMSA GT Championship 3.72 mile/5.99 km circuit 1991 Derek Daly Geoff Brabham Gary Brabham Nissan Performance Technology Nissan NPT 90 IMSA GT Championship 1992 Juan Manuel Fangio II Andy Wallace All American Racers Eagle MkIII Toyota IMSA GT Championship 1993 Juan Manuel Fangio II Andy Wallace All American Racers Eagle MkIII Toyota IMSA GT Championship 1994 Steve Millen Johnny O'Connell John Morton Clayton Cunningham Racing Nissan 300ZX IMSA Exxon World Sportscar Championship 1995 Andy Evans Fermín Vélez Eric van de Poele Scandia Motorsports Ferrari 333 SP IMSA Exxon World Sportscar Championship 1996 Wayne Taylor Jim Pace Eric van de Poele Doyle Racing Riley & Scott Mk III Oldsmobile IMSA Exxon World Sportscar Championship 1997 Andy Evans Fermín Vélez Yannick Dalmas Stefan Johansson Team Scandia Ferrari 333 SP Professional Sports Car Exxon World Sportscar Championship 1998 Didier Theys Gianpiero Moretti Mauro Baldi MOMO Doran Racing Ferrari 333 SP Professional Sportscar Exxon World Sportscar Championship 3.74 mile/6.02 km circuit 1999 Tom Kristensen JJ Lehto Jörg Müller BMW Motorsport BMW V12 LMR American Le Mans Series 2000 Frank Biela Tom Kristensen Emanuele Pirro Audi Sport North America Audi R8 American Le Mans Series 2001 Rinaldo Capello Michele Alboreto Laurent Aïello Audi Sport North America Audi R8 American Le Mans SeriesEuropean Le Mans Series 2002 Rinaldo Capello Christian Pescatori Johnny Herbert Audi Sport North America Audi R8 American Le Mans Series 2003 Philipp Peter Frank Biela Marco Werner Infineon Team Joest Audi R8 American Le Mans Series 2004 Allan McNish Frank Biela Pierre Kaffer Audi Sport UK Team Veloqx Audi R8 American Le Mans Series 2005 Marco Werner JJ Lehto Tom Kristensen ADT Champion Racing Audi R8 American Le Mans Series 2006 Tom Kristensen Allan McNish Rinaldo Capello Audi Sport North America Audi R10 TDI(Diesel) American Le Mans Series 2007 Emanuele Pirro Frank Biela Marco Werner Audi Sport North America Audi R10 TDI(Diesel) American Le Mans Series 2008 Timo Bernhard Romain Dumas Emmanuel Collard Penske Racing Porsche RS Spyder American Le Mans Series 2009 Tom Kristensen Rinaldo Capello Allan McNish Audi Sport Team Joest Audi R15 TDI(Diesel) American Le Mans Series 2010 Anthony Davidson Marc Gené Alexander Wurz Team Peugeot Total Peugeot 908 HDi FAP(Diesel) American Le Mans Series 2011 Loïc Duval Nicolas Lapierre Olivier Panis Team Oreca Matmut Peugeot 908 HDi FAP(Diesel) American Le Mans SeriesIntercontinental Le Mans Cup 2012 Tom Kristensen Rinaldo Capello Allan McNish Audi Sport Team Joest Audi R18 TDI(Diesel) FIA World Endurance ChampionshipAmerican Le Mans Series 2013 Marcel Fässler Benoît Tréluyer Oliver Jarvis Audi Sport Team Joest Audi R18 e tron quattro(hybrid diesel) American Le Mans Series 2014 Marino Franchitti Scott Pruett Memo Rojas Chip Ganassi Racing Riley Mk XXVI Ford Ecoboost United SportsCar Championship 2015 Sébastien Bourdais João Barbosa Christian Fittipaldi Action Express Racing Coyote Corvette DP United SportsCar Championship 2016 Pipo Derani Scott Sharp Ed Brown Tequila Patrón ESM Ligier JS P2 Honda IMSA SportsCar Championship 2017 Alex Lynn Ricky Taylor Jordan Taylor Wayne Taylor Racing Cadillac DPi V. R 1301.52 mile (2095 km) IMSA SportsCar Championship 2018 Johannes van Overbeek Nicolas Lapierre Pipo Derani Tequila Patrón ESM Nissan Onroak DPi IMSA SportsCar Championship 2019 Felipe Nasr Pipo Derani Eric Curran Whelen Engineering Racing Cadillac DPi V. R IMSA SportsCar Championship 2020 Jonathan Bomarito Ryan Hunter Reay Harry Tincknell Mazda Motorsports Mazda RT24 P IMSA SportsCar Championship 2021 Sébastien Bourdais Loïc Duval Tristan Vautier JDC Mustang Sampling Racing Cadillac DPi V. R IMSA SportsCar Championship 2022 Earl Bamber Neel Jani Alex Lynn Cadillac Racing Cadillac DPi V. R IMSA SportsCar Championship 2023 Jack Aitken Pipo Derani Alexander Sims Whelen Engineering Racing Cadillac V Series. R IMSA SportsCar Championship 2024 Louis Delétraz Colton Herta Jordan Taylor Wayne Taylor Racing with Andretti Acura ARX 06 IMSA SportsCar Championship

The car was in fact, a Porsche 935 K3 that has been modified with a single plug cylinder head and a front nose to resemble a Porsche 934 to comply to IMSA GTO specification. These races were stopped for a period of time due to heavy rain and/or accidents. The race clock was not stopped for these periods and counted towards the 12 Hours. Race record for most distance covered. Technically the race "winner" in 1950 was the Crosley Hot Shot of Fritz Koster / Ralph Deshon, entered by Victor Sharpe Jr. of Tampa. While the Wacker / Burrell Allard did cover more distance, the race was run under the "Index of Performance" handicapping rules and the Crosley, with a much smaller engine than the Cadillac powered Allard, is listed in the Official Sebring Record Book as the winner.