Жеке өрмелеу стилі

Style of climbing performed alone

Solo climbing, or soloing, is a style of climbing in which the climber climbs a route alone, without the assistance of a belayer (or "second"). By its very nature, it presents a higher degree of risk to the climber, and in some cases, is considered extremely high risk (e. g. solo ice climbing, or solo big wall climbing). Note that the use of the term "solo climbing" is generally separate from the action of bouldering, which is itself a form of solo climbing, but with less serious consequences in the case of a fall. The most dangerous form of solo climbing is free solo climbing, which means both climbing alone and without any form of climbing protection.

The following types of "solo climbing" have a form of climbing protection, involving mechanical self locking (or progress capture/assisted braking) devices, which significantly reduces the risk of serious or fatal injury to the climber: Instead of having a belayer, the climber uses a self locking device that will hold the rope in the case of a fall, and leads the route in a traditional climbing manner, placing climbing protection as they ascend. One end of the rope is anchored below the climber and the climber pays out the rope through the self locking device as they ascend. Once they reach the top, they need to abseil down and re ascend the route with an ascender, to remove the protection they placed earlier. In 1992, Destivelle used rope solo technique to create Voie Destivelle (VI 5.11b A5) on the west face of the Petit Dru, and was captured in the climbing film, 11 Days on the Dru. In 2016, Pete Whittaker rope soloed the 35 pitch route Freerider in Yosemite in a single day. Top rope solo climbing is a form of top roping where a single static fixed rope, anchored to the top of the route, is laid along the length of the climb. The climber then clips into the fixed rope using at least one progress capture device (PCD) such as a Petzl Micro Traxion or a Camp Lift, that will allow the rope to pay through as the climber ascends but will grip the rope tightly in the event of a fall. Auto belay indoor climbing is usually a form of top roping (although there are lead auto belay devices) where the belayer is replaced by a mechanical device permanently fixed the top (or bottom for lead auto belay) of the route.