Босниялық «Ослобођење» газетінің тарихы

Bosnian newspaper

The Oslobođenje (; 'Liberation') is the Bosnian national daily newspaper, published in Sarajevo. It is the oldest daily newspaper still in circulation in the Bosnia and Herzegovina. Founded on 30 August 1943, in the midst of World War II, on a patch of territory liberated by Partisans, in what was otherwise a German occupied country, the paper gained recognition over the years for its high journalistic standards and is recipient of numerous domestic honors and international awards in a branch.

The Oslobođenje was founded on 30 August 1943 in Donja Trnova near Ugljevik, as an anti Nazi newspaper. The first issue was printed on August 30, 1943 in Donja Trnova near Ugljevik as a newsletter of the National Liberation Front for Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first editor was Rodoljub Čolaković. Apart from Rodoljub Čolaković, the main articles for the first issue were written by Avdo Humo and Hasan Brkić, also editors. The two were assisted by professional journalists Vilko Winterhalter and Milan Gavrić, and writers Skender Kulenović and Branko Ćopić. Meša Selimović was one of the founders of the Oslobođenje. In the first issue of the Oslobođenje, Selimović wrote an article about the Orthodox Church in the Soviet Union, according to information he heard on radio stations Moscow and Free Yugoslavia. The first courier was Raif Dizdarević. He delivered the first issues of the Oslobođenja to Jajce, where the AVNOJ was already being prepared. The second (September) issue was also printed in Donja Trnova, without markings of the place of publication and printing due to the danger of an enemy attack. During the World War II, the newspaper was also printed in Tuzla (the third, October issue), the village of Busije near Ribnik (the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh issues), in Međeđe Brdo near Sanica (from the eighth to the 12th issue) and in Jajce (from 13 to 29 issues). On April 12, 1945, the 30th issue of Oslobođenje was published, the last in the World War II, which was printed in Sarajevo, which has been the headquarters of this newspaper since then. In mid 1970s, while SR Bosnia and Herzegovina was a part of SFR Yugoslavia, the newspaper run a subsidiary office in Frankfurt in West Germany which published the edition targeted at numerous Yugoslav workers ('gastarbeiter') and other citizens living in the country. On August 30, 1973, Josip Broz Tito sent congratulations to newspaper on the occasion of its 30th anniversary. It was then established Day of the Oslobođenje August 30. The most prosperous time of the newspaper was 1984. The Oslobođenje was included bid for the 1984 Winter Olympics, its preparations and implementation. All the capacities of the company, which had around 2,500 employees in 1984, were put to use for this historic, not only sporting, event. In the days of 14 Winter Olympics, the Oslobođenje achieved the largest circulation, and the entire system a great business success. In 1984, the Oslobođenje with 21 editions achieved 126 million printed copies of newspapers, magazines, publications and books. It was the year of the highest production for the Oslobođenja printing house since the installation of a new rotation in 1980 in Sarajevo neighborhood of Nedžarići. During the Bosnian war and the Siege of Sarajevo, the Oslobođenje staff operated out of a makeshift newsroom in a bomb shelter after its 10 story office building had been destroyed. The war left five staff members dead and 25 wounded. Kjašif Smajlović, the Oslobođenje correspondent from Zvornik, was the first journalist victim of the Bosnian war. On May 29, 1992, the Oslobođenja building was set on fire. The first, but not the last time. For months, the Army of Republika Srpska did not give up its intentions of disabling and obstructing the work of the newspaper. No one expected the release of a new issue the next morning. However, at 6 o'clock in the morning, a news story was published on the front page with a photo of the fire and the message: Oslobođenje ide dalje (The Oslobođenje goes further). Three months later, the Oslobođenje building was set on fire for the second time. After this attack, the skyscraper's eastern and western portions collapsed due to the fires weakening its support columns. On April 9, 1993, among many people from around the world, Oslobođenje was visited by the US Senator Joe Biden. At that time, his host was the editor in chief of the newspaper Kemal Kurspahić. In 1993, it was awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought. The editors of Oslobođenje, Kemal Kurspahić and Gordana Knežević, were named International Editors of the Year for 1993 by the World Press Review in New York, for their "bravery, tenacity, and dedication to the principles of journalism." Duo also received the Courage in Journalism Award in 1992 from the International Women's Media Foundation in Washington, D. C Kurspahić was also recipient of the Nieman Fellowship for Journalism at Harvard University in 1994, among other honors. Immediately after the war ended in 1995, editor in chief Mehmed Halilović accepted the University of Missouri [Mizzou] Honor Medal from the School of Journalism in Columbia, Missouri for continuous publication of the daily newspaper throughout the 1992–95 siege of Sarajevo. Editor Zlatko Dizdarević won several international awards, including: ‘Reporters sans frontieres Fondation de France’ in Paris, the ‘Bruno Kreisky’ prize for human rights in Vienna, and the 'Paolo Borssalino’ prize for journalistic courage in Rome. During the war, its staff, consisting of Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs, and Bosnian Croats, managed to print the paper every day, with one exception. In 2006, the company was bought by way of the Sarajevo Stock Exchange by the Sarajevska pivara. In addition to the Oslobođenje daily, this publishing house today has digital platforms the Oslobođenje, Dani and Sport1 portals. As part of this corporation, there is also Dječja štampa (Male novine, Vesela sveska, Vesela sveska sveznalica), as well as television channels O Kanal, O Kanal Plus and O Kanal Music.

The Kemal Kurspahić International Award is recognition to journalists who published the story in Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin or Serbian. It is awarded every two years. The Hamza Bakšić Award is one and awarted only to journalists from the Oslobođenje Service Media Group. It is awarded annually. They were awarded for the first time in 2023 on the 80th anniversary of the Oslobođenje.