1977 жылғы Оңтүстік Африка Гран-присінің трагедиясы

Formula One motor race held in 1977

The 1977 South African Grand Prix (formally the XXIII The Citizen Grand Prix of South Africa) was a Formula One motor race held at Kyalami on 5 March 1977, won by Niki Lauda of Austria. The race is principally remembered for the accident that resulted in the deaths of race marshal Frederick Jansen van Vuuren and driver Tom Pryce. It was also the last race for Carlos Pace, who was killed in an aircraft accident less than two weeks later.

The first two practice sessions were wet, and only a dozen cars took part in the first session, with Hans Joachim Stuck fastest in his March despite having to abandon the session with an oil pressure issue. Eighteen cars took to the track during the second session, with Tom Pryce fastest in the Shadow despite brake problems. Three drivers did not take part in either timed session thus far: Patrick Depailler, Pryce's team mate Renzo Zorzi (engine) and Boy Hayje. The last timed session was dry, and therefore all the qualifying times came from this session. James Hunt took his third consecutive pole position, with Carlos Pace beside him on the front row. Niki Lauda took third despite a broken seat and tyre problems, alongside Depailler, ahead of Ronnie Peterson. Mario Andretti was sixth despite an engine failure. Other drivers who experienced mechanical problems included Jochen Mass (handling), Vittorio Brambilla (engine), Hans Binder (engine), Pryce (engine), Zorzi (fuel metering unit, electrics, exhaust), Alex Ribeiro (handling), Hayje (brakes) and Larry Perkins (water pump), while Brett Lunger only managed one flying lap before his engine failed. Pryce was directly behind Stuck's car along the main straight. Stuck saw Jansen van Vuuren and moved to the right to avoid both marshals, missing Bill by what journalist David Tremayne, calls "millimetres". From his position Pryce could not see Jansen van Vuuren and was unable to react as quickly as Stuck had done. He struck the teenage marshal at approximately 270 km/h (170 mph). Jansen van Vuuren was thrown into the air and landed in front of Zorzi and Bill. He died on impact, and his body was badly mutilated by Pryce's car. The fire extinguisher he had been carrying smashed into Pryce's head, before striking the Shadow's roll hoop. The force of the impact was such that the extinguisher was thrown up and over the adjacent grandstand. It landed in the car park to the rear of the stand, where it hit a parked car and jammed its door shut. The impact with the fire extinguisher wrenched Pryce's helmet upward sharply. Death was almost certainly instantaneous. Pryce's Shadow DN8, now with its driver dead at the wheel, continued at speed down the main straight towards the first corner, called Crowthorne. The car left the track to the right, scraping the metal barriers, hitting an entrance for emergency vehicles, and veering back onto the track. It then hit 14th placed Jacques Laffite's Ligier, sending both Pryce and Laffite head on into the catch fencing and a concrete wall.

Lauda's Ferrari was barely able to finish the race after his car had picked up part of Pryce's roll bar in the underside of its monocoque, after the fatal accident. This damaged the car's water system and at the end of the race, the team found that only a third of the usual twelve litres of water remained in the system. Both the warnings for oil pressure and water temperature had been flashing at Lauda for the final 25 laps, in a car which he later described as 'completely finished'.

Pos. DriverConstructorTimeNo1James HuntMcLaren Ford1:15,9612Carlos PaceBrabham Alfa Romeo1:16,0123Niki LaudaFerrari1:16,2934Patrick DepaillerTyrrell Ford1:16,3345Jody ScheckterWolf Ford1:16,3556Mario AndrettiLotus Ford1:16,3867Ronnie PetersonTyrrell Ford1:16,4478Carlos ReutemannFerrari1:16,5489Emerson FittipaldiFittipaldi Ford1:16,64910Gunnar NilssonLotus Ford1:16,651011John WatsonBrabham Alfa Romeo1:16,711112Jacques LaffiteLigier Matra1:16,741213Jochen MassMcLaren Ford1:16,991314Vittorio BrambillaSurtees Ford1:17,081415Tom PryceShadow Ford1:17,111516Clay RegazzoniEnsign Ford1:17,211617Alex RibeiroMarch Ford1:17,441718Hans Joachim StuckMarch Ford1:17,491819Hans BinderSurtees Ford1:18,071920Renzo ZorziShadow Ford1:18,422021Boy HayjeMarch Ford1:19,592122Larry PerkinsBRM1:21,772223Brett LungerMarch Ford1:24,3523

Pos No Driver Constructor Laps Time/Retired Grid Points 1 11 Niki Lauda Ferrari 78 1:42:21.6 3 9 2 20 Jody Scheckter Wolf Ford 78 + 5.2 5 6 3 4 Patrick Depailler Tyrrell Ford 78 + 5.7 4 4 4 1 James Hunt McLaren Ford 78 + 9.5 1 3 5 2 Jochen Mass McLaren Ford 78 + 19.9 13 2 6 7 John Watson Brabham Alfa Romeo 78 + 20.2 11 1 7 19 Vittorio Brambilla Surtees Ford 78 + 23.6 14 8 12 Carlos Reutemann Ferrari 78 + 26.7 8 9 22 Clay Regazzoni Ensign Ford 78 + 46.2 16 10 28 Emerson Fittipaldi Fittipaldi Ford 78 + 1:11.7 9 11 18 Hans Binder Surtees Ford 77 + 1 Lap 19 12 6 Gunnar Nilsson Lotus Ford 77 + 1 Lap 10 13 8 Carlos Pace Brabham Alfa Romeo 76 + 2 Laps 2 14 30 Brett Lunger March Ford 76 + 2 Laps 23 15 14 Larry Perkins BRM 73 + 5 Laps 22 Ret 9 Alex Ribeiro March Ford 66 Engine 17 Ret 10 Hans Joachim Stuck March Ford 55 Engine 18 Ret 5 Mario Andretti Lotus Ford 43 Accident 6 Ret 33 Boy Hayje March Ford 33 Gearbox 21 Ret 26 Jacques Laffite Ligier Matra 22 Accident 12 Ret 16 Tom Pryce Shadow Ford 22 Fatal accident 15 Ret 17 Renzo Zorzi Shadow Ford 21 Fuel Leak 20 Ret 3 Ronnie Peterson Tyrrell Ford 5 Fuel System 7Source: