7-ғасырдағы Араб ақыны Әсма бинт Марванның өмірі мен өлімі

Female Arab poet of 7th century Arabia

ʻAṣmāʼ bint Marwān (عصماء بنت مروان "Ãsma, daughter of Marwan") a female Arab poet said to have lived in Medina in 7th century Arabia. Early writers of Muhammad's biography claimed that she was assassinated for her agitating against Muhammad.

The story of Asma bint Marwan and her death appears in the works of both Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Sa'd. According to these accounts, her family viewed Muhammad and his followers as unwelcome interlopers in Medina. After the Muslim victory over the Quraysh in Mecca in 624 in the Battle of Badr (17 Ramadan AH 2 in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar (16 December) – see Expedition of Dhat al Riqa#Discrepancy in dates), a number of Muhammad's opponents were killed. In response, she composed poems that publicly criticized the local tribesmen who converted to Islam and allied with Muhammad, calling for his death. Ibn Ishaq mentions that bint Marwan also displayed disgust after the Medinian Abu Afak was killed for inciting rebellion against Muhammad. The poem said: "do you expect good from (Muhammad) after the killing of your chiefs" and asked: "Is there no man of pride who would attack him by surprise/ And cut off the hopes of those who expect aught from him?" Upon hearing the poem, Muhammad then called for her death in turn, saying "Who will rid me of Marwan's daughter?" Umayr bin Adiy al Khatmi, a blind man belonging to the same tribe as Asma bint Marwan's husband, Banu Khatma, responded that he would. He crept into her room in the dark of night where she was sleeping with her five children, with her infant child close to her bosom. Umayr removed the child from Asma's breast and killed her. On the other hand Al Waqidi's and Ibn Sa'd's accounts differ substantially from that of Ibn Ishaq. In these the killing of Asma bint Marwan does not stem from a statement by Muhammad as he is described as being in Badr during this time and not in Medina. Instead, according to al Waqidi, a man named ʿUmayr bin ʿAdī, decided individually to kill Asma bint Marwan.

Classical and post classical hadith scholars have rejected the story, declaring it as fabrication (mawdu'''). They point out in their arguments against the factuality of the incident that the chains of transmission (isnads) by which the story was transmitted are all weak (daʻif'') of the lowest degree (mawḍūʻ). refn| However, the accuracy of this story for use as hadith is not completely accepted. Later scholars including Ibn ʻAdī, Ibn al Jawzi, Muhammad al Bukhari, Yahya ibn Ma'een and Al Daraqutni,