Филиппин ұлттық полициясы

National police of the Philippines

The Philippine National Police (, PNP) is the armed national police force in the Philippines. Its national headquarters is located at Camp Crame in Bagong Lipunan ng Crame, Quezon City. Currently, it has approximately 228,000 personnel to police a population in excess of 100 million. The agency is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission and is part of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers are operationally controlled by city or municipal mayors. DILG, on the other hand, organizes, trains and equips the PNP for the performance of police functions as a police force that is national in scope and civilian in character. The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991, when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 1990.

Until January 1991, the Philippines did not have a civilian national police force, and instead had the Philippine Constabulary under the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and city and municipal police organized under the Integrated National Police, This was because of broad local and international consensus that "human rights abuses became rampant" during the dictatorship, with Philippine Constabulary units such as the Metrocom Intelligence and Security Group (MISG), and the 5th Constabulary Security Unit (5CSU), identified with many particular cases. These units had also been associated with acts of intimidation and violence media entities, corporate management, and opposition groups. The recommendations of the Davide Commission in 1990 thus included the dissolution of the Philippine Constabulary as a service under the AFP. Republic Act No. 6975, the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990 paved the way for a new era for Philippine law enforcement as the law ordered the total merger of both the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and formally created the Philippine National Police.

R. A. 6975 was further amended by R. A. 8551, the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, and by R. A. 9708. R. A. 8551 envisioned the PNP to be a community and service oriented agency and included the creation of the Internal Affairs Service of Philippine National Police.

Law Enforcement. Maintenance of Peace and Order and Public Safety. Prevent and Investigate crimes and bring offenders to justice. Exercise the vested powers from the constitution and pertinent laws. Detain an arrested person/s for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law. Implement pertinent laws and regulations on firearms and explosives control. Supervise and control the training and operations of security and investigation agencies.

Commander in Chief: Pres. Bongbong Marcos
Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (SILG) & NAPOLCOM Chairman: Atty. Benjamin DC Abalos Jr. Undersecretary for Peace and Order, DILG: Oscar F. Valenzuela
Chief of the Philippine National Police (Chief, PNP): PGEN Rommel Francisco D. Marbil
The Deputy Chief for Administration of the Philippine National Police (TDCA, PNP): PLTGEN Emmanuel B. Peralta
The Deputy Chief for Operations of the Philippine National Police (TDCO, PNP): PLTGEN Michael John F. Dubria
The Chief of Directorial Staff (TCDS, PNP): PLTGEN Jon A. Arnaldo
Spokesperson, Philippine National Police: PCOL Jean S. Fajardo

The following operational units exist within the PNP. Anti Cybercrime Group (ACG)responsible for the investigation of cybercrime, conducting forensic analyses on seized computers and digital evidence, and for assessing vulnerabilities in public and private IT infrastructure. Anti Kidnapping Group (AKG)responsible in addressing kidnapping menace in the country and in handling hostage situations. Aviation Security Group (AVSEGROUP)responsible for the security of Philippine airports against threats to civil aviation. Civil Security Group (CSG)responsible for the regulation of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security agencies, and company guard forces. It also supervises the licensing and registration of firearms and explosives. Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)responsible for monitoring, investigating, and prosecuting all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes of such magnitude and extent as to indicate their commission by highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and organizations. It also conducts organized crime control and handles all major cases involving violations of the penal code or other laws assigned. Drug Enforcement Group (DEG)responsible for the prevention and control of illegal drugs in support of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency. It is formerly known as the PNP Anti Illegal Drugs Group. The Highway Patrol Group (HPG)responsible for enforcing traffic laws and motor vehicle registration and regulation and assisting the Land Transportation Office and is also part of the LTFRB#I ACT!. This group is rarely seen outside of highly urbanized areas or in any provincial areas however. Integrity Monitoring and Enforcement Group (IMEG)responsible for conducting intelligence build up and law enforcement operations against PNP personnel who are involved in any illegal activities such as drug trafficking, human trafficking, financial crimes, cybercrime, malversation, graft and corrupt practices, security violations, and others. It replaced the Counter Intelligence Task Force (CITF). Intelligence Group (IG)responsible for intelligence and counter intelligence. Forensic Group (FG)responsible for carrying out different forensic services and scientific investigations. Known previously as the Crime Laboratory (CL), it includes the Scene of the Crime Operations (SOCO) division. Maritime Group (MG)responsible for performing all police functions over Philippine territorial waters, lakes, and rivers and along coastal areas, including ports, harbors, and small islands for the security and the safety of the maritime environment. Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)responsible for the security of vital government installations, government officials, visiting dignitaries and private individuals authorized to be given protection. It also supports the Presidential Security Group in protecting the president and their family. Special Action Force (SAF)a mobile strike force or a reaction unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and city police force for civil disturbance control, internal security operations, hostage taking rescue operations, search and rescue in times of natural calamities, disasters and national emergencies and other special police operations such as anti hijacking, anti terrorism, and explosives and ordnance disposal. PNP Air Unit (AU)a highly specialized police unit specializing in providing air support to the entire PNP. It is staffed by a pool of professional, licensed and experienced pilots and aircraft mechanics. Once a part of Special Action Force.

The Philippine National Police Academy is located at Camp Gen. Mariano N. Castaneda, Silang, Cavite and is the premier training academy for the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Jail Management & Penology and Bureau of Fire Protection.

The PNP conducts regular recruitment programs, depending on the annual budget. The entry level for non commissioned officers is the rank of Police Patrolman (for male recruits) or Police Patrolwoman (for female recruits). The new recruits will undergo Public Safety Basic Recruit Course for six months, and a Field Training Program for another six months. Prior to their actual duty, they are required to undergo the mandatory special training of PNP BISOC or PNP Basic Internal Security Operations Course for 45 days to 5 months to enhance them in militaristic/tactics for future assignment in the field whether in the Striking Force or in the Police Station. Commissioned officers for the Philippine National Police are from the Philippine National Police Academy as well as through "lateral entry" for specialized disciplines and requirements such as criminologists in line officers, lawyers, doctors, engineers, chaplain and other technical positions and also the rose from the rank personnel who have reached the qualifications to be a commissioned officer.

A police officer has to two ways for retirement i. e. Optional and Mandatory Retirement. Optional Retirement is an option of an uniformed personnel to retire who rendered at least 20 years retire from the service, while the latter is when they reach the mandatory retirement age of 56. Any officer may opt to go on non duty status at most three months before the date when they reach the mandatory retirement age so they could prepare the pertinent documents for their retirement (some called it Terminal Leave). While on this status they are still considered as part of the police force and retain their ranking.

The PNP is one of the "core security actors" to align them good governance and to principles such as human rights, freedom of information, and the rule of civilian law. This has been a continuing process since the establishment of the Fifth Philippine Republic after the 1986 People Power Revolution, The creation of the PNP itself, merging and replacing the PC and the INP, was an early and major step towards civilianization of the Philippine security sector. After many months of detainment and torture, two Hong Kong residents were killed when the ransom money was not paid. One police superintendent who knew of the operation was also killed. In 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman filed graft charges against twelve former and active ranking PNP officials for their alleged involvement in the incident.

On December 5, 2008, ten suspected criminals, one policeman, and five civilians, a total of 16 people, including a seven year old girl, were killed in a shootout in Parañaque. Several others were wounded, including a ranking officer of the Highway Patrol Group, two members of the Special Action Force, a village watchman, and a security guard, said Director Leopoldo Bataoil, head of the Metro Manila regional police. The criminals belonged to a Waray Waray gang and were armed with high caliber M16 rifles fitted with grenade launchers. The head of the Internal Affairs Service of the PNP said, "We failed in our mission to protect the civilians." On July 29, 2009, the Department of Justice (DOJ) filed multiple murder charges against 29 policemen, including three generals, in connection with the shootout following the filing of a complaint affidavit by Lilian de Vera, who lost her husband and seven year old daughter in the incident. On January 11, 2010, the Commission on Human Rights recommended the filing of criminal and administrative charges against 26 policemen In March, it was reported that after two witnesses had said De Vera and his daughter were not killed in the shootout, that policemen already had complete control of the area where the two were killed.

Inspector Joselito Binayug, chief of the Asuncion police community precinct in Tondo arrested Darius Evangelista on March 5, 2009, for alleged robbery. A torture video was leaked to the media and shown on television showing a police officer whipping and cursing the suspect and pulling on a rope that was tied to the victim's genitals. The incident allegedly happened inside the Asuncion police precinct in Tondo. Binayug was arrested for violating the Anti Torture act of 2009. Separate charges were filed for Evangelista being tortured to death.

On November 24, 2009, Senior Superintendent Abusana Maguid, the police chief of Maguindanao province, was reported to have been relieved of his duties after witnesses reported seeing three of his officers at the scene of the Maguindanao massacre in which 57 people, including journalists, lawyers, aides, and motorists who were witnesses were killed. On November 25 Maguid and Chief Inspector Sukarno Dikay were reported to have been relieved from post and placed under restrictive custody. On November 26, Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Ronaldo Puno announced that Maguid, Dikay, and others were suspected of involvement in the massacre. On December 19, Maguid, Dikay, and others were reported to have been recommended for summary dismissal by the PNP high command. On April 16, 2010, the National Police Commission ordered a 90 day suspension against Maguid, Dikay, and 60 other police personnel for their possible involvement in the killings. On July 10, it was reported that Dikay had applied to become state witness, saying that he is confident that his testimony will pin down the masterminds of the killing.

The Philippine National Police conceded that in the 2010 Manila hostage crisis they made blunders in ending a bus hijacking, as outrage grew over the bloody assault played out on live television that left eight Hong Kong tourists dead. The Hong Kong Economic Journal was reported to have accused the PNP of having "appalling professional standards" and " [a] lack of strategic planning".

The Philippine Commission on Human Rights filed charges against ten police officers after it was discovered that they routinely tortured detainees inside a secret detention facility in Biñan, Laguna. It was alleged that some "were tortured for the police officers’ amusement" when they're intoxicated. The facility is notorious for utilizing a roulette called the "Wheel of Torture", a play on the Wheel of Fortune, where various torture methods were printed. The wheel is rotated and wherever the pin stops, the indicated torture method is perpetrated on the detainee. The torture methods included a 20 second Manny Pacman punch, named after the famous boxer Manny Pacquiao, where the detainee is beaten for 20 seconds; "Paniki" which means being hung like a bat; "Tusok ulo ka" which means being pierced through the head; "Zombies" which means being electrocuted; and other degrading tasks like "duck walk" and "Ferris wheel".

Sometime in January 2017, a Korean was killed inside Camp Crame. The Philippine National Police Anti Kidnapping Group (PNP AKG) charged former NBI officials Roel Boliv, Ricardo Diaz, and Jose Yap in relation to the case.

In 2013, an anti illegal drug unit led by Police Chief Inspector (now Police Major) Rodney Baloyo launched an operation against a certain Chinese national inside a subdivision in Mexico, Pampanga. However, an alleged recycling of Methamphetamine Hydrocloride locally known as "Shabu" worth 648 million Philippine Pesos confiscated dubbed as "Agaw Bato" by the media and setting drug lord Johnson Lee free were discovered by then Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) Chief (now Baguio Mayor) Benjamin Magalong resulting to a dismissal of the 13 Policemen dubbed as "Ninja Cops" (including Baloyo) involved in the said operation. In 2019, Magalong revealed that PNP Chief Oscar Albayalde who was then the Pampanga Provincial Director when the incident happened, asked not to implement the dismissal of the cops involved in the recycling of drugs and often profited along with the cops involved. The revelations caused Magalong receiving death threats and the resignation of Albayalde on October 14, 2019.

In 2019, German news outlets reported that the Philippine National Police received training from Uniter Association (German: Verein Uniter), a non government organization suspected to be a neo Nazi paramilitary due to its alleged affiliation with a far right network called "Hannibal". Kontraste, a news magazine of Germany's public broadcasting network ARD reported that Uniter members held a training seminar at the Seda Hotel with high ranking officers of the PNP, and other government officials, including E. R. Ejercito who posted photos of the seminar on his Facebook page two days after he was convicted for graft. Uniter denied claims of training Filipino police forces in an attempt to establish right wing extremist networks overseas, but insisted that they were there for "humanitarian" support for the PNP, which they claimed it as "unfortunate" timing given the ongoing war on drugs. Despite being reported across Germany amidst a neo Nazi scandal that hit the Bundeswehr (which revolves around an alleged terror plot called "Day X"), it was not reported by Philippine media. The PNP refused to comment on its involvement with Uniter.

The holding of a mañanita for NCRPO's chief (later PNP Chief) Debold Sinas amidst the COVID 19 pandemic in Metro Manila was criticized for breaching quarantine regulations. A mañanita is a customary celebration in the PNP where senior officers are greeted by their personnel early in the morning of their birthdays. The national police has filed charges against Sinas over the event for violation of existing regulations on social distancing and mass gatherings. However, Sinas was still able to keep his post due to the "emergency situation" posed by the pandemic, as self proclaimed by him.

Police Senior Master Sergeant Jonel Nuezca shot to death his two unarmed neighbors, Sonya Gregorio and her son Frank, in Paniqui, Tarlac, on December 20, 2020, at 5:10 pm (PST). The incident was reported to the police 20 minutes later and, at 6:19 pm, Nuezca surrendered at the police station in Pangasinan. According to Police Colonel Renante Cabico, director of the Tarlac Provincial Police Office, Nuezca was "off duty" at the time of the incident. Some critics also pointed at the government over the acts of impunity and human rights abuses in recent years. An indignation rally was done by numerous groups on December 21, 2020, at the Boy Scout Circle, Quezon City. The disgraced former PNP officer Jonel Nuezca was found guilty of murder in August 2021 and sentenced to "reclusion perpetua", which is 40 years imprisonment with parole possible after 30 years. He was also ordered to pay PHP 476,000 (US$9,377) to the heirs of each of the people he brutally murdered.

On February 24, 2021, personnel of the Philippines National Police (PNP) and the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) was involved in a friendly fire incident. Personnel from both sides engaged in a gunfight with both sides saying they were conducting an anti drug operation. The shootout resulted 2 deaths and 1 injured in the side of the PNP and 2 deaths and 3 injured in the PDEA Side.

On May 31, 2021, a police officer Police Master Sergeant Hensie Zinampan, who appeared to be drunk, was filmed with a cell phone when he shot a 52 year old woman named Lilybeth Valdez dead in close range outside the store in Fairview, Quezon City at around 9:30pm, following the heated argument between the two. The incident was caught on video. PNP Chief Guillermo Eleazar confronts Zinampan for his crime. The police filed an "administrative and criminal charges" against the police officer. The incident sparked outrage on social media, trending the hashtag #PulisAngTerorista on June 1, 2021, with the netizen rejected the claims that the incident was "isolated case." The incident was likened to the case of Tarlac shooting in December 2020. There has been no further news on the status of the disgraced officer.