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Historical royal and noble title

Mirza ('/m//ɜːr//z//ə/ or /m//ɪər/'/z//ɑː/; میرزا) is a name of Persian origin. It is used as a surname or prefix to identify patriarchal lineage. It is derived from the term Mirzadeh (میرزادہ). It is a historical royal and noble title, denoting the rank of a royal prince, distinguished military commander, Specifically, it was used as a title by (and today signifies patriarchal lineage to) the various Persian Empires, the Nogai Horde, Shirvanshahs and Circassians of the European Caucasus, the Mughals / Moguls and Muslim Rajputs of the Indian Subcontinent. It was also a title bestowed upon members of the highest aristocracies in Tatar states, such as the Khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan.

In Sufi, Hanafi and Shia islam, the title Mir / Mirza is used as an honorary title to refer to maternal descendants of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, i. e, children of a Sayyid mother and non Sayyid father.

The original title Mīrzā or Merzāh is derived from the Persian term Mīrzādeh which literally means child of the Mīr or child of the ruler. During the early Timurid period, Mirza preceded a prince's given name, therefore adhering to the Persian fashion, though subsequently the Turkish style was adopted, with the title instead being placed after. This was continued by later rulers such as the Aq Qoyunlus, Safavids, Ottomans and Mughals. the title eventually spread among other social groups, though only the former could have it placed after their given name. During the 16th century, the Safavids conferred it upon high ranking viziers such as Mirza Shah Hossein and Mirza Ata Allah Isfahani. Writing in 1828, Frederic Shoberl records that "as a prefix to the name, it may be assumed by, or conferred on any person. It is right, however, to observe, that none but well educated men, or such as follow respectable professions, or hold honourable posts, take the title of Mirza."]] The title Mirza was borne by an imperial prince. It was adopted as part of ones name, implying relationship to the Mongol dynasties like the Mughal dynasty (the Imperial House of Timur). In the traditional naming sequence of the Indian royal families, the title can be placed both before the name and after it, such as Prince Mirza Mughal or Prince Kamran Mirza. Prince Khusrau Mirza was the grandson of Emperor Babur (Babur Mirza), son of Emperor Jahangir and a brother of Emperor Shah Jahan. Emperor Akbar Shah II was known as Prince Mirza Akbar before his coronation. Emperor Babur took the imperial title of Badshah on 6 March 1508, before which he used the title Mirza.

The archaic Bengali form of Mirza was Mridha in Bengal and Bihar. Mirza Shuja ud din Muhammad Khan, second Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Asadullah, third Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Muhammad Ali, fourth Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Mohammad Siraj, fifth Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Hassan Ali Khan Bahadur, 18th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Wasif Ali Khan, 19th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Mirza Waris Ali Khan, 20th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Sheraz Zaheer Mirza, 21st Nawab of Pakistan.

Originally being adversaries and opponents to the Mughal Emperors, the title Mirza was also adopted by the Muslim Rajputs of Northern India. Many of the Rajput imperial families who were descendants of ancient Hindu warriors who strategically formed blood alliances with Mughal aristocracy. The Rajputs were rulers of princely states comprising vast territories of Northern India, including the Punjab Region, Kashmir and Rajasthan. Inter marriage between Mughal aristocracy and Rajput aristocracy became very common and various factions of Rajput kingdoms embraced the Islamic faith, giving rise to the term "Muslim Rajputs". Rajput rulers were also granted the title Mirza on account of being high ranked commanders in the Mughal military. The meaning of Mirza (Persian origin) is identical to the meaning of Rajput (Sanskrit Origin).

Zafar Hussain Mirza, Pakistani judge and the father of former Home Minister of Sindh Zulfiqar Mirza.

Janbaz Mirza was a writer, poet, and journalist from Pakistan. Tahir Mirza was a senior Pakistani journalist and former editor of Dawn, Pakistan's oldest and most widely circulated English language newspaper.