Монреаль қаласының Сен-Анри ауданы

Saint Henri is a neighbourhood in southwestern Montreal, Quebec, Canada, in the borough of Le Sud Ouest. Saint Henri is bounded to the east by Atwater Avenue, to the west by the town of Montreal West, to the north by Autoroute Ville Marie (Route 136), and to the south by the Lachine Canal.

Saint Henri is well known as a historically French Canadian, Irish and black working class neighbourhood. Often contrasted with wealthy Westmount or NDG looking down over the Falaise Saint Jacques, in recent years it has been strongly affected by gentrification. The area—historically known as Les Tanneries because of the artisans' shops where leather tanning took place—was named for St. Henry via the Église Saint Henri, which at one time formed Place Saint Henri along with the community's fire and police station. The bustle of a nearby passenger rail station was immortalized in the song "Place St. Henri" (1964) by Oscar Peterson. Saint Henri is part of the municipal district of Saint Henri–Petite Bourgogne–Pointe Saint Charles. The borough hall for Le Sud Ouest is located in a converted factory in Saint Henri, bearing witness to the borough's industrial heritage. Also located in the neighbourhood is Solin Hall, a student residence of McGill University. The former chocolate factory is home to nearly 300 students, and is the University's only off campus residence. There are two metro stations in Saint Henri; Lionel Groulx and Place Saint Henri.

Église Saint Henri was so named to commemorate Fr. Henri Auguste Roux (1798–1831), the superior of Saint Sulpice Seminary. The municipality of Saint Henri was formed in 1875, joining the village of Saint Henri and the surrounding settlements of Turcot, Brodie, Saint Agustin and Sainte Marguerite into one administrative unit. The municipality was incorporated into the City of Montreal in 1905. Though the space has changed much over the years and the building is no longer in use as a factory of RCA Victor, there is a museum located in the old RCA building called le Musée des Ondes Emile Berliner. The museum covers the life of Emile Berliner, inventor of the gramophone, as well as details the history of his inventions, as well as his company even after his family was no longer affiliated with it. The museum is a technology museum and explores the nature and science behind sound waves. Many of the district's notable Art deco buildings, including Atwater Market and the historic No. 23 fire hall, were designed by Ludger Lemieux. The neighbourhood is served by the Lionel Groulx and Place Saint Henri Metro stations.

St Henri is located in Le Sud Ouest Borough, and became a part of the City of Montreal in 1905. Its proximity to the Lachine Canal shaped the neighbourhood with a large industrial working class. Industry lasted from the canal's opening in 1825, until its closure in 1970. Its closure meant the predominantly working class neighbourhood began to lose their jobs, creating thousands of unemployed labourers. Saint Henri became associated with poverty, marginality and squalor. This deindustrialization rendered the neighbourhood an opportune site for gentrification. Sitting on valuable land bordered by the Lachine Canal and both the downtown and Old Montreal, St Henri became primed for redevelopment of old industrial buildings into parks, mixed use developments, condos, shops and restaurants. This transformation began taking form when the Canal was reopened in 2002 with the presence of open park space and pedestrian and cyclist paths, bringing more residents and tourists to the area. St Henri is seen by some as a victim of gentrification, characterized by the arrival of younger residents and the revitalization of the neighborhood with parks and commercial spaces. Once described as a working class neighbourhood with factories, its contemporary form is a “lively and surprising borough” ranked as Montreal's second best neighbourhood for its livability and atmosphere.

Changes to the demographic composition of a neighbourhood are an indicator of gentrification. Particularly, increased proportions of college educated residents and residents aged 25 to 34 years old have been found to signal gentrification. This cohort's role in gentrification has been in part attributed to amenities in downtown areas which draw this "creative class" to neighbourhoods perceived as undervalued. In St. Henri, between 2001 and 2011, the proportion of residents aged 25–34 rose by seven percentage points : from 20.1% to 27.1%. By comparison, Montreal's share of residents aged 25–34 only increased from 16.3% Contrasting the average household income of St. Henri residents with that of Montreal residents shows that the neighbourhood's revenues has comparatively increased. In 2001 the average household income in St. Henri was 29% lower than in Montreal. How subordinate inhabitants of St. Henri engage in this resistance can vary from informal behaviour to formally organized and confrontational acts, the former being everyday resistance. During a Halloween demonstration, the ‘Collective for an Autonomous Space’ rallied and marched for housing rights and alternatives to commercializing vacant properties. With a surge of expensive condos being built in recent years replacing low income options, dozens marched on Tenant's Day in 2016 organized by a coalition of actors, ending in front of the Quebec Minister of Economic Development office. These organized forms of resistance, ranging from violent to peaceful, proceed with gentrification in St. Henri. In St. Henri, as gentrification proliferates, the inhabitants of the neighbourhood look toward more organized and targeted political activism to resist the powers of neo liberal urban planning agendas. Resistance in St. Henri can be seen as collective action and people led solutions to neighbourhood challenges. These solutions call upon formal authorities, resulting in programs affordable housing development initiatives and requirements by the Quebec government.

Concerning Twigge Molecey Regarding gentrification in St Henri, conflicts emerged between lifelong low income residents and incoming condominium dwellers, the latter denying their belonging to St Henri neighbourhood. Existing residents and newcomers also display forms of condescension and snobbery that create social separation between inhabitants of the same neighbourhood. Those behaviours underline the shifting of senses of place and highlight a cultural displacement. This type of displacement results “when the tastes, norms and desires of newcomers supplant and replace those of incumbent residents”. Finally, the cultural displacement is another indirect consequence caused by gentrification. In 2006 a new IGA supermarket opened in St Henri. Previously, residents relied on familial small scale grocery stores, "depanneurs". Thus, low income renters feel rejected from the neighbourhood by the presence of a grocery store. This feeling is also seen in the new renovated Louis Cyr park in St Henri. Since it has been rebuilt with the addition of two play areas for children, a soccer field, and a fenced in area for dogs located in the back of the park at the train tracks, it became attractive for dog sitters who could now leave their dogs off leashes. As a result, it discouraged parents from letting their children play in those areas by fear of the aggressive dogs.