Канададағы шетелдік инвестициялар және мемлекеттік саясат

Canadian governmental organisation

Invest in Canada is an arms length Government of Canada organization that promotes and attracts foreign direct investment into Canada. It was created through the Investment Canada Act and launched on March 12, 2018 as a departmental corporation.

Before the Invest in Canada agency was created, a division within the federal department Global Affairs Canada led the promotion of investment into Canada. In 1985, the Government implemented the Investment Canada Act to govern foreign direct investment. The Harper government used to limit foreign investment to no more than 50% share, through a policy designed by Nigel S. Wright during his time at the PMO. Foreign direct investment (FDI) by country and by industry are tracked by Statistics Canada; the total in 2012 of FDI was bn. Canada was host to bn in state owned enterprise investment over the period between 2005 and 2012. Over the same period, the net FDI increased by bn, so that SOE FDI was almost 14% of the total. Conversely, Canadian SOEs limit themselves to domestic affairs. The SOE of Canada are not aggressive in this manner: Canadian SOEs have no foreign investments. The Canadian government is planning to raise to bn the amount of foreign money that can go into a Canadian company before the investment is reviewed. As of 2012, an investment or takeover of a Canadian business by a WTO investor worth mn or more triggers a federal review under the Investment Canada Act. The WTO was implemented in Canada by the World Trade Organization Agreement Implementation Act in 1994. Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada provides a helpful webpage with this information and explains that WTO members are eligible for mn review free investment as of 12 January 2013. The WTO maintains a membership list. The information on the WTO "amount" permitted by the discretion of the Minister of Industry under subsection 14.1(2) of the Investment Canada Act is published annually in January in the Canada Gazette. The government investigates whether the investment is of "net benefit" to Canada, which brings into play a nebulous political definition. Amounts inferior to this limit do not incur political oversight under the Investment Canada Act, so that the foreign investor is treated like any other Canadian investor. This means effectively, that Canada is open to reverse takeover by stealth. Prime Minister Harper clarified this FDI policy area in Toronto on 7 November 2013 when he said that a little wiggle room was needed on foreign takeover rules.

On 5 November 2013, British Columbia finance minister Mike de Jong reported a successful placement of Chinese RMB$2.5bn in dim sum bonds. The issue was five times oversubscribed.

On 8 March 2004, The J. M. Smucker Company bought International Multifoods Corporation for cash US$500M and considerations of $340M. This included Robin Hood Flour, Red River Cereal, Bick's Pickles and Monarch Flour, among a dozen other brands. On 21 August 2005,TUI AG unit Hapag Lloyd agreed to acquire CP Ships Limited, including its Port of Montreal transshipment wharf, for €1.7bn (US$2bn) in cash. It has now made the combined fleet the fifth largest by capacity in the worldwide container shipping market. In 2006 the CP Ships name disappeared for good. TUI AG plans to divest of Hapag Lloyd, which is a 37% German SOE.

On 16 April, the Saudi Agricultural and Livestock Investment Co. (SALIC) partnered with U. S. agribusiness giant Bunge Limited to form Global Grain Group (G3), which will be the majority owner of Winnipeg based Canadian Wheat Board with an investment valued at $250 million. As the principal was less than the government regulated threshold, the investment incurred no review.