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Railway line in Osaka & Kobe, Japan

The Hanshin Main Line (阪神電気鉄道本線) is a railway line operated by the private railway company Hanshin Electric Railway in Japan. It connects the two cities of Osaka and Kobe, between and stations respectively.

The Main Line of Hanshin is the southernmost railway to connect Osaka and Kobe. The other two lines, from south to north, are the West Japan Railway Company‘s Tōkaidō Main Line (known as the JR Kobe Line), and the Hankyu Railway's Kobe Main Line. For nearly a century, the line served as a primary competitor to the Hankyū Kobe Line. However, in 2006, Hanshin and Hankyū were subsidiarized under a single share holding company, Hankyu Hanshin Holdings.

The Main Line started operation on April 12, 1905, by the company. The company found a solution to construct a competing line to the then JNR owned Kobe Line using a loophole in the Tram Act, allowing large portions of the line to be built using street running. It became the first interurban in Japan. This inspired other railways such as Keihan Electric Railway, Minoo Arima Electric Tramway (present Hankyu Hanshin Holdings, Inc.), Osaka Electric Tramway (present Kintetsu), Keihin Electric Railway (present Keihin Electric Express Railway) to build their first lines in a similar fashion. Then another competing railway company, Hankyū (then Hanshin Kyuko Railway), opened the Kobe Main Line in 1920. The Kobe Main Line was designed as a faster electric mainline railway, and in response Hanshin began upgrading its interurban mainline to become more railway like. Operations included realigning and grade separating street running portions, using high platforms, and introducing express trains. In 1968 Kobe Rapid Railway opened its Tōzai Line, and Hanshin began through operations to of Sanyo Electric Railway via Kobe Rapid (and Sanyo trains to of Hanshin and Rokkō of Hankyū). Through limited express trains to were introduced in 2001. Then, the Hanshin Namba Line was extended to , a major junction in southern Osaka. The company announced through trains from Kobe Sannomiya to in Nara on Kintetsu Nara Line would be operated.

Deyashiki station The Hanshin Amagasaki Kaigan Line operated between 1929 and 1962.