Қызылту (Күйтүн) қаласы: географиясы, тарихы және халқы

the city in Xinjiang

Kuytun or Kuitun (c=奎屯) is a county level city with about 285,000 residents (2000 census) in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. Kuitun is located between Wusu and Shihezi on the railway from Ürümqi to Kazakhstan, close to a desert. Kuytun has historically been associated with the 7th Xinjiang Agriculture Construction Division (兵团第七师), which ran the city until 1975 but still administers its Tianbei New Area. Local industries include food processing and textile industries, as well as Kuitun Power Plant.

The name Kuytun is from the Mongolian word "[[:wikt:хүйтэн" (xüjten), which literally means "cold". The Chinese name Kuiteng (奎騰) first appeared in the official historical book History of Yuan, and referred to the Kuytun River. According to legend, during Genghis Khan's campaign of westard expansion, some of his troops were stationed in the area in wintertime and commented on the cold weather by repeatedly shouting "kuytun!" The area has since been named Kuytun.

The city of Kuytun is located in the middle northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with a north latitude of 44 degrees 19 degrees 44 degrees 49 degrees and an east longitude of 84 degrees 47 degrees 85 degrees 18 degrees. It is bordered by Shawan County to the east, by Dushanzi District to the south, by Wusu City to the west and by Karamay District to the north. The maximum length north–south is about 46 kilometers, the maximum is about 33 kilometers between east and west and the total area is 1,171.42 square kilometers. Kuytun City lies in the northern side of Tianshan, the southwest edge of the Junggar Basin and the Kuytun River valley. Its terrain of the city is tilted from southwest to northeast at an altitude of 450–530 meters. It is the Tianshan fold belt with multi Gobi gravel in the south, the edge of the platform of Junggar Basin in the north. and there are more water furrows in the west of downtown. The water sources are the Kuytun River and Quangou Reservoir (泉沟水库). The region is in a moderate temperate continental arid climate, hot in summer and cold in winter, rainless. The four seasons are more distinct, the average annual temperature is 7.4 °C and the average annual rainfall of 182 mm.

As of 2015, There was a population of 289,397 in Kuytun City, accounting for 6.16% of Ili Autonomous Prefecture's population. Of that, minority population of 15,768, accounting for 5.45% of Kuytun and Han population of 273,629, accounting for 94.55%. The main minorities are Hui, Kazak, Mongols and Uyghur in the city. The Hui population was 6,364, accounting for 2.2%, Kazakhs of 5,222, accounting for 1.8%, Mongols of 1,059, Uyghurs of 1,018 and others of 2,105.

Kuytun is the largest material transit, distribution and transportation hub in the Northern Xinjiang area, the G30 and G3014 National Expressways, G312 and G217 National Highways meet here. It is a railway junction for the Northern Xinjiang, Second Ürümqi Jinghe and Kuytun Beitun Railways.