Кіріспе
Бұлусан муниципалитеті (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; ), Филиппиннің Сорсогон провинциясындағы 4-ші сыныптағы муниципалитет. 2020 жылғы халық санауы бойынша, халқы 23 932 адамды құрайды. Тарих
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Испаниялықтар келгенге дейінгі кезең
Испандықтар келгенге дейін, Бұлусанның жергілікті халқы ұйымдасқан, бірақ шашыраңқы қоныстарда өмір сүрді. Кейбіреулері бұрынғы Инарадода (қазіргі Ликод немесе Сан-Рафаэль), басқалары Илиханда, ал тағы бір бөлігі Пинайаганда, сондай-ақ Капангиханда – Пагасасан және Баюгин өзендеріне жақын жерде тұрды. Бұл қоныстар теңіз жағалауынан және таулы аймақтардан қашық орналасқан. Мұның себебі, қалаға, әсіресе жағалау аймақтарына Моро қарақшыларының шабуылдары, жергілікті тұрғындардың алтын-күмісін тонауы және үйлерді өртеп жіберуі болуы мүмкін. Мороларға байланысты апаттардың салдарынан, қоныстарды биік жерлерге орналастыру – дана шешім болды. Жақында жүргізілген қазба жұмыстары кезінде бұрынғы Инарадо аумағында қытай және топырақтан жасалған құмыралар, табақтар, ыдыстар мен вазалар сияқты артефакттар табылған. Бұл жағдайлар, қытайлықтар мен елдің осы бөлігіндегі адамдардың «Хрест пен Қылыштан» бұрын сауда-саттықпен айналысқан деген болжамдарды күшейте түсті.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Испан кезеңі
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Қаланың негізі қалануы
Бұлусан, Сорсогонның қалған бөлігі сияқты, 1894 жылдың 17 қазанына дейін Альбай провинциясының құрамында болды. 1630 жылы Инарадода қазіргі Сорсогон провинциясының төртінші паррокиясы (приходы) құрылды. 1600 жылы құрылған Касигуранның бөлігі болғаннан кейін, Бұлусан 1617 жылы құрылған Бекон және 1628 жылы құрылған Сорсогон паррокиясынан кейін тәуелсіз паррохияға айналды. 1631 жылы ол жеке азаматтық қалаға айналды. Жаңа паррохия Испанияның қамқоршысы – Ұлы Яковтың (Сент-Джеймс) қамқорлығына берілді. Әке Мигель де Санта-Ана оның бірінші паррохиялық діни қызметкері болды және шіркеулік және азаматтық функцияларға бір адам билік жүргізді. Халық сонымен қатар, сол жердің бірінші басшысын – губернаторцильоны сайлады. 1760 жылы қала Инарадодан Бұлусан өзенінің сағасына көшірілді. Бұл көршілес елді мекендермен сауда жасау қажеттілігімен туындады. Бұл көшіруді паррохиялық діни қызметкер әке Хоакин де лос Сантос ұйымдастырды. Діни қызметкердің басшылығымен, халық Бернардино Пасьонды қала басшысы етіп сайлады. Жергілікті тұрғындар жаңа шіркеу тұрған жерде шіркеу салуды бастады. Бұл бастапқы даму қазіргі поблационның (қала орталығының) ядросын құрады.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Бөліну
Бұлусан паррохиясы Губат, Матног, Булан, Барселона және Санта-Магдалена аудандарын қамтыды. Көп ұзамай, жаңа паррохиялар аналық паррохиядан туып, өз қалаларына айналды немесе бұл қауымдар өздерінің жеке қалаларына айналып, өз кезегінде өз паррохияларын құрды. Төмендегі кестеге қараңыз:
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
+ Бұлусанның бұрынғы қауымдастықтары Атауы Паррохия құрылған жылы Жеке қала ретінде құрылған жылы
Губат 1771 1764
Матног 1785 1800
Булан («Есік» қалашығы; Бұлусанның құрамында 1645–1690) 1801 1801
Барселона (Бұлусан мен Губаттан) 1867 1866
Иросин 1873 1880
Санта-Магдалена (Бұлусаннан, содан кейін Матногтың құрамында) 1890 1894
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Тас қарауыл мұнаралары
Бұлусанның қарауыл мұнаралары 1760 жылы, қаланың поблационы қазіргі орнына көшірілген жылы салынған деп есептеледі. 1799 жылы Моро қарақшыларына қарсы қорғаныс және ескерту шарасы ретінде Альбайдың жағалау қалаларының басшылары өздерінің қала әкімдіктерінде жиналып, ланча канонераларын (қолға қаруланған кемелерді) салу жоспарларын жасады. 1799 жылдың 20 сәуірінде Бұлусан басшылары екі ланча канонера салуды шешті, оларға қазіргі губернатор дон Хуан Максимиано және бұрынғы губернатор дон Хуан Томас басшылық ететін болды. Бұлусан қаласында ең көп «балуарте де пиедра» (тастан жасалған қарауыл мұнаралары) салынған. Қала күзет мұнараларын тұрғызды, олардың әрқайсысы Макабаре, Тавг және Лайог (қазіргі Барселонаның бөлігі) орналасқан. Дапдап қауымының жанында Пунта Диаманте деп аталатын үшбұрышты үлкен муралла (бекініс) тұрғызылды, ол Сент-Джеймс-ди-Грейтер шіркеуінің шіркеуін және діни қызметкердің үйін қоршап тұрды. Пунта-Диамантеде биік, қалың қабырғалары бар бес қарауыл мұнарасы бар, бұл Моро шабуылдары кезінде бас сауғалау үшін тамаша орын. Басқа цилиндрлі және дөңгелек негізді күзет мұнараларынан айырмашылығы, теңізге қараған мұнара үшбұрышты жоспарда, негізгі кешеннің кішірек нұсқасында салынған. Ең үлкен күзет мұнарасының негізі сегізбұрышты (сегіз жағы бар) және жоғары қарай кезекпен жоғарылай түседі. Бұл күзет мұнарасы қазір шіркеудің қоңырау мұнарасы болып табылады, ескі қоңыраулар салыстырмалы түрде сақталған. 1900 жылдан 1940 жылға дейін Бұлусан білім беру, үкімет, байланыс, ауыл шаруашылығы және денсаулық сақтау салаларында маңызды дамуларға ұшырады. Американдық үкіметтің басында тегін мемлекеттік білім беру басталды. Барлық дерлік ауылдарда мемлекеттік мектептер ашылды. 1927 жылы муниципалитет ғимараты (қазір почта бөлімі, сот залы және муниципалитет түрмесі орналасқан) және қоғамдық базар (қазіргі кезде вертикальды даму) салынды. 1930 жылы Барселона және Иросин қалаларына жалғасқан провинциялық жол қозғалысқа ашылды. Телеграф және почта қызметтері басталды. Сайлау құқығы бар азаматтар сайлауға қатысу құқығын пайдалана бастады. Муниципалдық үкімет жүйесі құрылды. Сауда-саттық және коммерция гүлденді. Ауыл шаруашылығы әдістерін дамытуға бастама берілді. Денсаулық сақтау саласында холера және шешек ауруларының таралуы тоқтатылды. 1939 жылы алғашқы муниципалдық су жүйесі салынды. Осы кезеңде екі бұлусандық адам маңызды лауазымдарға көтерілді. Хуан С. Рейес Сорсогон облысының губернаторы болып сайланды (1929–1931). Оның кіші әйелі, Колумбия университетінде докторлық диссертациясын қорғаған доктор Хосе С. Рейес 1935 жылғы Конституциялық конвенцияға делегат болып сайланды. «Саяси гений» ретінде танылған ол 1935 жылғы Конституцияны әзірлеуге үлкен үлес қосты. Сонымен қатар, ол Филиппин тәуелсіздік миссиясының мүшесі болды және Кирино мен Осменья әкімдіктерінің Білім министрі болды. 1945 жылы ол президент Серхио Осменьяның атқарушы хатшысы болды.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Екінші дүниежүзілік соғыс
1941 жылдың 8 желтоқсанында Филиппинде Екінші дүниежүзілік соғыс басталған кезде Бұлусанның бұл бейбіт және өркендеу кезеңі бұзылды. Аралар сияқты, Бұлусан да Жапон императорлық армиясының басып алынуына ұшырады. Бұл бұлусандықтардың арасында ұлттық сезімді қайта оятып, ұйымдасқан партизандық қарсылықтың жаңаруына әкелді. Жапондар кейіннен қаланы басқару үшін жергілікті үкіметті құруға сәттілікке жетті, бірақ осы лауазымдарға тағайындалғандардың адалдығы қарсылық тобында қалды.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
География
Бұлусанның солтүстігінде Барселона қаласы, ал сағат тілі бойынша айналып өтетін болсақ, Касигуран, Жубан, Иросин және Санта-Магдалена қалаларымен шектеседі. Жағалаудан шамамен қашықтықтағы Сан-Бернардино аралдары Бұлусанның құзыретіне кіреді. Бұлусан Сорсогон қаласынан және Маниладан қашықтықта орналасқан.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Ауылдық округтер
Бұлусан саяси тұрғыдан 24 ауылдық округке бөлінген. Әрбір ауылдық округ пуроктардан тұрады, ал кейбіреулерінде ситостар бар. 8 ауылдық округ поблацион аумағында орналасқан.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Багакай
Орталық (Поблацион)
Когон
Данкалан
Дапдап (Поблацион)
Лалуд
Лообан (Поблацион)
Мабухай (Поблацион)
Мадлавон (Поблацион)
Поктол (Поблацион)
Порог
Сабанг (Поблацион)
Сальвасьон
Сан-Антонио
Сан-Бернардо
Сан-Франсиско (Капангихан)
Сан-Исидро
Сан-Хосе
Сан-Рафаэль (Ликод)
Сан-Роке
Сан-Висенте (Буханг)
Санта-Барбара
Сапнган (Поблацион)
Тинампа
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Климат
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Демография
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Тіл
Бұлусан халқы бисакол тілінде сөйлейді. Арнайы жағдайларда және Рим-католик шіркеуінің діни қызметтерінде таза бикол тілі қолданылады. Тағалог тілі үшінші тіл болып саналады, ағылшын тілімен қатар.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Дін
Рим-католик діні халықтың 90% құрайды. Иглесия ни Кристо, Йехова куәгерлері, Иса Масегінің шіркеуі, қайта туған христиандар сияқты дін өкілдері де бар.
Municipality in Sorsogon, Philippines
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Bulusan, officially the Municipality of Bulusan (Waray Sorsogon: Bungto san Bulusan; , ), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 23,932 people. History
Pre Spanish period
Long before the Spaniards arrived, the natives of Bulusan were living in organized though scattered settlements. Some lived in what used to be Inarado (now Licod or San Rafael), others in Ilihan, some in Pinayagan, and still a number lived in Capangihan — a place near the Paghasaan and Bayugin Rivers. These settlements are distant from the seacoast and upland. The reason could be the presence of Moro pirates who used to attack the town, especially the coastal areas, robbing the natives of their gold and whatever else came to be lying around, and burning the houses afterwards. Due to these Moro related disasters, it was a wise move to locate the settlements on higher ground. Recent excavations yielded artifacts such as platters, jugs, plates, and vases made from china and earthen burial jars in what used to be Inarado. These finds further strengthened some claims that the Chinese and the people in this part of the country were already engaged in trade even before the 'Cross & Sword' reached them. Spanish period
The town's foundation
Bulusan, like the rest of Sorsogon, was part of the province of Albay till October 17, 1894. In Inarado, the fourth parroquia (parish) of the present Province of Sorsogon, was established in 1630. After being merely a part of Casiguran (established in 1600), Bulusan became an independent parish following Bacon (established in 1617) and the parish of Sorsogon (established in 1628). It became a separate pueblo civil (town) in 1631. The new parish was then placed under the tutelary of St. James, the Greater — the patron saint of Spain. Fr. Miguel de Santa Ana became its first parish priest, exercising one man authority over ecclesiastical and civil functions. The people also selected the first executive of the place, a gobernadorcillo. In 1760, the town was transferred from Inarado to its present site at the mouth of Bulusan River. This was triggered by the need to trade with neighboring settlements. The relocation was done through the efforts of Fr. Joaquin de los Santos, the parish priest. Under the friar's guidance, the people chose Bernardino Pasion as first head of the town. The natives started building a church in the place where a new one now stands. This initial development formed the nucleus of the present poblacion (town center). Division
The Bulusan parish then encompassed all lands that includes the vicinities of Gubat, Matnog, Bulan, Barcelona and Santa Magdalena. Eventually, either new parishes were born out of the mother parish and became a town of its own or these communities grew into separate towns of their own and, in turn, established their own parishes. See table below:
+ Former Communities of Bulusan Name Year the Parish Was Established Year Founded as a Separate Town Gubat 1771 1764 Matnog 1785 1800 Bulan ("Gate" townsite; under Bulusan 1645–1690) 1801 1801 Barcelona (from Bulusan and Gubat) 1867 1866 Irosin 1873 1880 Santa Magdalena (from Bulusan, then under Matnog) 1890 1894
Stone watchtowers
Bulusan's watchtowers are believed to have been built around 1760, the year that the town's poblacion was transferred to its present site. In 1799, as a defense and warning measure against the Moro pirates, the principalias (leaders) of the coastal towns of Albay convened in their respective town halls and drew up plans for the building of lanchas cañoneras (armed ships). On April 20, 1799, Bulusan's leaders decided to build two lanchas cañoneras to be commanded by actual gobernadorcillo Don Juan Macsimiano and ex gobernadorcillo Don Juan Tomas. The town of Bulusan built the most baluartes de piedra (stone watchtowers). The town erected watchtowers, one each in Macabare, Tawog and Layog (now a part of Barcelona). Near the community of Dapdap, a bigger triangular muralla [fortification] called Punta Diamante which encloses the church and rectory of the parish of St. James the Greater was erected. Punta Diamante has five watchtowers with high, thick walls, making it an ideal place for refuge during Moro attacks. Unlike the other watchtowers which are cylindrical and have circular bases, the one facing the sea is of a triangular plan, a smaller version of the main complex. The biggest watchtower has an octagon shaped base (with eight sides) and tapers upward in alternating tiers. This watchtower now serves as the church's bell tower, with the old bells comparably intact. From 1900 to 1940, Bulusan experienced major developments in education, government, communication, agriculture, and public health. From the very start of the American regime, free public instruction commenced. Public schools in almost all barrios were opened. In 1927, the municipal building (now housing the post office, court room, and municipal jail) and public market (undergoing another major renovation — this time a vertical development) were built. In 1930, the provincial road connecting Bulusan to the adjoining towns of Barcelona and Irosin was opened to traffic. Telegraph and mail services began. Qualified voters began enjoying the right to suffrage. A system of municipal government was instituted. Trade and commerce flourished. Development in agricultural methods was initiated. In public health, cholera and smallpox were contained. In 1939, the first municipal waterworks system was constructed. At about this period, two Buluseños rose to places of prominence. Juan S. Reyes was elected governor of Sorsogon (1929–1931). His younger brother, Dr. Jose S. Reyes, who obtained his doctorate degree from Columbia University, was elected delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention. Referred to as a political genius, he contributed immensely in the drafting of the 1935 Constitution. He also became a member of the Philippine Independence Mission and was the Secretary of Education of both the Quirino and Osmeña administrations. In 1945, he became executive secretary to President Sergio Osmeña. World War II
This period of relative peace and prosperity in Bulusan was disturbed when the Second World War broke out in the Philippines on December 8, 1941. Like the rest of the islands, Bulusan was overrun by the Japanese Imperial Army. This triggered nationalism once more among Buluseños with the re emergence of organized guerilla resistance. The Japanese later succeeded in establishing a semblance of local government to administer the town, but the loyalty of those appointed to these positions remained with the resistance group. Geography
It is bordered by the towns of Barcelona in the north and, going counterclockwise, the towns of Casiguran, Juban, Irosin, and Santa Magdalena. The islets of San Bernardino, about off the coast, fall under the jurisdiction of Bulusan. Bulusan is from Sorsogon City and from Manila. Barangays
Bulusan is politically subdivided into 24 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. There are 8 barangays located in the Poblacion area. Bagacay
Central (Poblacion)
Cogon
Dancalan
Dapdap (Poblacion)
Lalud
Looban (Poblacion)
Mabuhay (Poblacion)
Madlawon (Poblacion)
Poctol (Poblacion)
Porog
Sabang (Poblacion)
Salvacion
San Antonio
San Bernardo
San Francisco (Kapangihan)
San Isidro
San Jose
San Rafael (Likod)
San Roque
San Vicente (Buhang)
Santa Barbara
Sapngan (Poblacion)
Tinampo
Climate
Demographics
Language
Bulusan people are speakers of the Bisakol language. Pure Bicol is spoken in some special occasions and in Roman Catholic church liturgies. Tagalog is considered the third language, parallel to English. Religion
Roman Catholicism comprises 90% of the population. There are members of Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehova's Witnesses, Church of Jesus of the Latter Day Saints, born again Christians and other fundamental denominations in the town. Economy
Tourism
Mt. Bulusan
Bulusan is home to the highest peak in Sorsogon, Mount Bulusan. This active volcano is the centerpiece of Bulusan Volcano Natural Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectares. At the foot of the mountain is the equally popular Bulusan Lake, a scenic crater lake surrounded by a dense green forest and encircled by a concrete pathway. The lake is about 30 minute drive through a paved winding road from the Bulusan town proper. Water forms
Bulusan, which means "where water flows", is home to several springs and waterfalls that originate from the mountains of the National Park. Woods Camp Resort Named after the founder's surname (Collingwood) it is a cold spring resort between Iraya Spring and Balay Buhay Sa Uma Bee Farm. Its water connects the neighboring Joseph Spring Resort and "Batis" from Balay Buhay. The resort has been opened quite recently and has become one of the most popular tourist spots in Bulusan. Masacrot Spring A man made earthen swimming pool with cool waters emanating from underground springs. Palogtoc Falls (also known as Palogtok Falls). A small waterfall fills this man made earthen swimming pool which can be reached after a 20 minute leisure walk through rolling hills carpeted with green grass, under a canopy of tall coconut trees. It can be reached by a 20 minute tricycle ride from the town of Bulusan to Barangay San Francisco. A 20 minute walk on a mossy and slippery path and then a steep descent to the falls, culminates the hike. Dulipay River
Nasipit Spring Located in San Rafael. Buklad River Located near San Francisco
Historical sites
Punta Diamante The muralla (stone fort) that encloses the church complex of St. James the Greater Parish remains grand in its antiquity together with the Bulusan belfry, the largest of the five watchtowers dotting the historical complex. Buco Pass
Others
Dancalan, Miliga biga and Riroan beaches are popular swimming spots in Bulusan. Tan awan is a cliff road that overlooks the town of Bulusan, San Bernardino Strait and the expansive Pacific Ocean. From the vantage point, the view stretches from Tawog to the north, to barangay san antonio to the south. Offshore islands like San Bernardino or Parola (because of its lighthouse), Biri and the main island of Samar can be seen on clear days. Mapaso, the Healing Hot Spring is at Barangay San Vicente (also known as "Buhang"), Bulusan, Sorsogon. Mapaso is one of the best kept secrets of Bulusan. Unlike the other springs dotting all over the mountain villages, this one almost touches the sea and is the only one attributed with healing powers. Government
+ List of Municipal Mayors Name Year Term Fulgencio Sesbreno 1926 1934 Leon Galarosa 1935 1937 Sergio Galao 1938 1940 Vicente Guysayko 1938 1940 Elected Buenaventura Frades 1948 1951 Elected Jaime S. Reyes 1951 1959 Elected Dr. Rogado Halum 1960 1963 Elected Vicente Guysayko 1967 1969 Died in office in March 1969 Jaime S. Reyes 1969 1971 Succeeded Vicente Guysayko when he died in office Erwin G. Guysayko 1972 1979 Term was extended due to imposition of martial law Dr. Rogado Halum 1979 1985 Appointed mayor by President Marcos elected in January 1980 Antonio Frades 1985 1987 Appointed OIC by President Corazon C. Aquino Nelly G. Fortades 1987 1992 First elected lady mayor of Bulusan Dr. Oscar S. Halum 1992 2001 Elected; re elected in 1998 Juan G. Guysayko 2001 2010 Elected; re elected in 2004 Michael G. Guysayko 2010–2013 Elected in May 2010 Domingo S. Halum 2013–2016 Elected in May 2013 Michael G. Guysayko 2016–2019 Elected in May 2016
Another Buluseño, Augusto Ortiz, rose to become provincial executive from 1968 to 1971. From the judiciary, he was tapped governor of Sorsogon anew by President Marcos (1977) but had to relinquish the post when he was elected to the Interim Batasang Pambansa in 1978. In 1984, he was elected as Mambabatas Pambansa until 1986 when it was dissolved. During his term, the Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center was constructed in what used to be the site of the old Central School's Gabaldon building. Two municipal streets in Barangay Sabang and Madlawon were likewise constructed. The '80s also marked the birth of Damayan Buluseño, Inc. (DBI), an organization of Buluseños living in Metro Manila. The group provides assistance to and development opportunities among Buluseños, like employment opportunities, medical assistance for the poor, scholarship, relief and financial assistance for the development of Bulusan. Starting out as a loose group out to muster support for a town mate undergoing trial in Manila but who they believed was wrongly accused, DBI went on to become a duly registered organization which, with its heretofore unseen zeal and popular support, became one of the province's most active organizations under the leadership of its founding president, Rogelio F. Fuentes. To date, it continues to fulfill its vision and provides an avenue for community leadership, pride in the hometown, brotherhood, and prosperity as ideals worthy of pursuit. Education
Primary education
Bulusan Central School (founded in 1903) by the American Thomasites, is the town's pilot elementary school. It was first housed in the Gabaldon building (the town's old casa tribunal). When the enrollment steadily increased through the years, several private houses were used as annexes, until the school was eventually transferred to a spacious property in Barangay Poctol, also in the poblacion'', where Emeterio Funes Street now runs. The Gabaldon building itself (or at least the upper storey) was totaled by Typhoon Dinang in December 1981. Assemblyman Augusto Ortiz had the old stone walls demolished and built Bulusan Cultural and Sports Center on the vacated lot. Other elementary schools:
Орта білім
Аарон Джеймс Гейсайко Мемориалдық Қоры, Inc. – қаланың алғашқы орта мектебі. Ол 1950 жылы доктор Хосе С. Рейес (Dr. Jose S. Reyes) Булусан институты ретінде құрылған. Сол кездегі елдегі барлық орта мектептер жекеменшік болған. Мектеп 1970-ші жылдары Хосе С. Рейес Мемориалдық институты деп аталды және жаңа мыңжылдық басында қорға айналды. Булусан орта мектебі – Булусан Побласион маңында орналасқан мемлекеттік орта мектеп, ол 2000 жылдың 4 қазанында Мадлавон мен Данкалан шекарасында құрылды. Екі жылдық жұмыстан кейін Булусан ұлттық кәсіптік-техникалық мектебінің орта мектеп бөлімі осы мектепке берілді. Хайме Г. Эспена орта мектебі – Буханг орта мектебі ретінде құрылған, Буханг, Булусан, Сорсогон бастауыш мектебімен біріктірілген ұлттық орта мектеп. Мектеп Эспена отбасының жер сыйлағаннан кейін Таизан ауылына көшірілді. Кейіннен ол олардың қайтыс болған әкесінің құрметіне доктор Хайме Г. Эспена атымен аталып, жаңа аталды. Сан-Роке ұлттық орта мектебі – Булусанның оңтүстік-батыс бөлігінде, Иросин шекарасына жақын орналасқан тағы бір ұлттық орта мектеп. Оған көршілес ауылдардың бастауыш мектептерінен, соның ішінде Иросиннің Мапасо Патаг және Кауаян сияқты аймақтарынан оқушылар келіп білім алады.
Aaron James Guysayko Memorial Foundation, Inc. is the town's pioneering secondary school. It was founded as Bulusan Institute in 1950 by Dr. Jose S. Reyes. All secondary schools in the country, were, at around that time, private. The school was renamed Jose S. Reyes Memorial Institute in the 1970s and became a foundation at the advent of the new millennium. Bulusan High School is a public high school in the vicinity of Bulusan Poblacion, founded October 4, 2000, at the boundary of Madlawon and Dancalan. After two years of operation, the High School department of Bulusan National Vocational Technical School was turned over to the school. Jaime G. Espeña High School is a nationalized high school founded as Buhang High School integrated to the elementary school of Buhang, Bulusan, Sorsogon. The school was relocated in sitio Taizan when the Espeña family donated a parcel of land. It was later named after their late father, Dr. Jaime G. Espeña. San Roque National High School is another nationalized high school in the southwestern part of Bulusan near the boundary of Irosin. It is fed by neighboring villages' elementary schools including some parts of Irosin such as Mapaso Patag and Cauayan.
Католиктік білім беру
Марияның таза жүрек мектебі (IHMS), Пунта Диамантеден ар жақтағы Булусан ауданында орналасқан, францискан тәртібіндегі бастауыш және орта мектеп.
Immaculate Heart of Mary School (IHMS) Bulusan, on the other side of Punta Diamante, is a Franciscan operated elementary and secondary school.
Кәсіптік-техникалық білім беру
Булусан ұлттық кәсіптік-техникалық мектебі – елдегі үздік TESDA мектептерінің бірі. Ол Хосе Геньорга құрған муниципалдық жоғары мектеп ретінде басталып, ол зейнеткерлікке шыққанда TESDA кәсіптік мектеп әкімшісі II (VSA II) қызметін атқарған. Қазіргі таңда мектеп Сорсогон облысының 2-ші округінен келген оқушыларға қызмет көрсетеді.
Bulusan National Vocational Technical School is one of the country's top performing TESDA schools. It started out as a municipal high school founded by Jose Geñorga, who was TESDA Vocational School Administrator II (VSA II) when he retired. The school now caters to students from the 2nd District of Sorsogon.