Лондон қаласындағы 22 Bishopsgate ғимараты

Commercial skyscraper in London, England

22 Bishopsgate, also known as Twentytwo, is a commercial skyscraper in London, England. Completed in 2020, it occupies a prominent site in Bishopsgate, in the City of London financial district, and stands at tall with 62 storeys. The project replaces an earlier plan for a tower named The Pinnacle, on which construction was started in 2008 but suspended in 2012 following the Great Recession, with only the concrete core of the first seven storeys. The structure was later subjected to a re design, out of which it became known by its postal address, 22 Bishopsgate. However, the build was put on hold due to a lack of additional funding and letting commitments. In 2013 it was reported that a review of the design and construction process, undertaken by original architects Kohn Pedersen Fox, agents CBRE and the developers, had been completed, with the building's "helter skelter" style exterior set to be retained. In 2015, the site was sold to a consortium led by Axa Real Estate and a re design with a simpler exterior, ultimately excluding the costly "helter skelter" shape, was submitted for public consultation before application for planning permission. In April 2016, it was confirmed that property company Lipton Rogers and its joint venture partner, Axa IM – Real Assets, would complete the £1bn development in 2019. At 278 metres, the building was set to be the tallest in the City of London at that time and, due to potential loss of light to surrounding buildings, there had been objections to the development from several parties. However, City of London granted permission after considering the potential benefits of developing the building including the introduction of more floorspace to the area and the creation of new jobs. In 2017, plans were approved which redesigned the building and reduced its height further to 255 m due to concerns that the cranes used for its construction could interfere with the flight paths of the nearby London City Airport. However, these plans were withdrawn after approval was granted for the previous 278 metre design.

The architects of The Pinnacle were Kohn Pedersen Fox and the developer was the fund management company Union Investment. The height of the tower was initially proposed at , but this was scaled down to following concerns from the Civil Aviation Authority. The revised design included approximately of office space. The Bishopsgate Tower, as it was first called, was submitted for planning permission in June 2005 and approved in April 2006. The twisting design of its roof and the curling patterns in the façade were based on various organic forms in nature such as armadillos, mushrooms and seashells, and led to the building being nicknamed "The Helter Skelter". The upper floors were to contain restaurants and the highest public viewing platform in the UK. The Pinnacle's original design also provided more solar panelling than any other building in the country, with of photovoltaic cells, capable of generating up to 200 kW of electricity. It would also have had a double layered skin like the nearby gherkin shaped 30 St Mary Axe, allowing it to respond dynamically to climatic changes and to utilise effective climate control with low energy consumption. To control construction costs, every panel on the tower would be of exactly the same size. In August 2006 Keltbray began test piling on site. Demolition began on the smaller of the two existing buildings in November 2006. In February 2007 it was reported that the Bishopsgate Tower had been purchased by Arab Investments, and that the structure would be renamed as The Pinnacle. In May 2007 it was announced that full funding had been secured and that The Pinnacle was likely to be built speculatively. In June 2007 demolition began on Crosby Court, the larger of the two existing buildings on the site.

22 Bishopsgate's environmental, social, and governance policy, ESG, states that the building was envisioned to be engineered for optimum sustainability. The building management has goals to limit waste and energy use within the large structure, including care in what they purchase as the building is occupied by tenants: "The 22 Team work to a set of circular economy principles and innovative logistics, built to reduce waste and make the smallest impact possible on the spaces around us."

In February 2015 the site was acquired by a consortium led by Axa Real Estate in a deal worth £550 million. The building was completely redesigned and a new application for planning permission was submitted in summer 2015 following consultation. That application was approved in November 2015. The concrete central core of the original design was completely removed by December 2015, and construction of the new building commenced in January 2016. The new building, renamed as 22 Bishopsgate, is planned to be tall with 62 storeys. It is estimated the tower will provide approximately of office space and for restaurants, retail outlets and viewing galleries. During the EU Referendum campaign, the developer, Axa, had stated that while they were "committed to the development", they may "revisit the options" if there was a vote to leave the EU. However, despite the leave vote on 23 June, construction continued. The 7th floor of the building is a co working space with desks, meeting rooms, phone booths, and an event space. In November 2016, a new planning application was submitted which slightly altered the design of the proposed building, as well as reducing its height by 23 metres and to 59 floors to allow for "a cleaner, more elegant resolution to the top of the building in the context of air traffic control constraints". The application was approved in February 2017. However, these plans were withdrawn, with the developer confirming that the 62 storey, 278 m scheme will be built.

22 Bishopsgate is a mixed use building with 61 levels, the majority of which are office spaces leased to various companies. In addition, the building houses a bike park for over 1,000 bicycles, a food 'marketplace', a public gym (which includes a glass climbing wall overlooking London) and a free public viewing gallery on the 58th floor; the highest viewing gallery in the UK and the highest free viewing gallery in Europe.