Ричард Исай: Гомосексуалдық және психоанализ саласындағы жаңа көзқарастар

American psychoanalyst and writer (1934 2012)

Richard Isay was born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Isay graduated from Haverford College and the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry. Soon after completing his psychiatry residency at Yale University, he completed his training at the Western New England Psychoanalytic Institute. Throughout his career, Isay maintained a private practice of psychiatry and psychoanalysis and was an influential teacher and supervisor. He was the program chairman of the American Psychoanalytic Association (APsaA), the American Program Chairman of the International Psychoanalytical Association and chairman of the Committee on Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues of the American Psychiatric Association. In 1983, as chair of the APsaA's program committee, Isay organized a panel called "New Perspectives on Homosexuality". Isay argued that homosexuality is a normal variant of sexual identity, and that psychoanalysts should stop trying to change the sexual orientation of their patients, which he considered injurious, creating a firestorm of controversy. "Several analysts walked out", Isay later recalled. Isay soon became the first openly gay member of the association. Isay wrote widely on the subjects of psychoanalysis and homosexuality, including texts such as Being Homosexual: Gay Men and Their Development. Being Homosexual was one of the first books to argue that homosexuality is an inborn identity, and the first to describe a non pathological developmental pathway that is specific to gay men. It is widely considered a breakthrough in psychoanalytic theory and an important, historical work. In an autobiographical chapter of his book, Becoming Gay: The Journey to Self Acceptance, Isay tells the story of how he spent ten years trying to change his homosexual orientation. During his analysis, he married. After completing his analysis, he realized that he was, in fact, gay. He was closeted in his professional life for several years, during which time he became a prominent member of the American Psychoanalytic Association. He began to write about homosexuality shortly after meeting his life partner and future husband, Gordon Harrell, in 1979. In Becoming Gay, Isay recounts that with the help of the American Civil Liberties Union, he threatened to sue the APsaA, due to their discriminatory policies. As a result, on May 9, 1991, the APsaA adopted a non discrimination policy for the training of analytic candidates and changed its position statement on homosexuality. 1991 was also the year that the APsaA agreed to allow gays and lesbians to become training analysts, and to promote gay and lesbian teachers and supervisors. This fundamental change in position by the APsaA created a ripple effect that was felt throughout the profession. The ApsaA was and is the preeminent psychoanalytic organization in the world. These changes of position and practice by the APsaA became a stimulus for reform. They were slowly copied by psychoanalytic, psychiatric, psychological and social work organizations internationally. A few years later, these changes were adopted by psychoanalytic groups in the UK. Isay was an early proponent of gay marriage. In 1989 Isay told U. S. News & World Report: "If the time comes in which there's a change to society's attitude toward homosexuality when, for example, gay marriages and adoptions are possible and gay couples reap the same social benefits as heterosexual couples I believe there will be a corresponding change in the behavior of gay men, with much less emphasis on the sexual act and more emphasis on relationships". This was long before gay marriage had become an issue within the mainstream, LGBT community. In 1997, the APsaA became the first national mental health organization to support gay marriage, a policy that was spearheaded by Isay. In his 2006 book, Commitment and Healing: Gay Men and the Need for Romantic Love, Isay describes the difficulty many gay men have sustaining romantic, loving relationships. Isay appeared on Larry King Live, The Oprah Winfrey Show, 20/20, The Morning Show and others. In 1993 Isay was featured in the documentary "America Undercover: Why am I Gay? Stories of Coming Out in America". In 1995 Isay was profiled in the book, Gay Soul: Finding the Heart of Gay Spirit and Nature, by Mark Thompson. On August 13, 2011, Isay married Gordon Harrell (born 1958), his partner of 32 years. On November 12, 2011, Isay received the highly prestigious Hans W. Loewald award, from the International Forum on Psychoanalytic Education. Isay died on June 28, 2012, of complications of adenocarcinoma. He was interred at Green Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. On June 14, 2014, Isay was featured in the first gay themed tour of Green Wood Cemetery. Since 2014, the "Gay Grave Tour", as it is now called, has become part of Green Wood Cemetery's annual summer program.

Homosexuality in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: Some Distinction and Implications for Treatment". "The Psychology of Men" G. Fogel, F. Lane, R. Liebert (eds) Oxford University Press 1988
Psychoanalytic Theory and Therapy of Gay Men, "Homosexuality/Heterosexuality", D. McWhirter, J Reinisch, S. Saunders (eds). Oxford University Press 1988

"Staff Conference: Problems of the Dying Patient" (with McKegney. F. P. and Balsam, Alan). New York State Journal of Medicine, Vol. 65, No. 18, 1965
"The Submariners Wives Syndrome". The Psychiatric Quarterly, Vol. 42, No. 4, 1968
"The Draft Age Adolescent in Treatment", The Psychiatric Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 2, 1969
"The Influence of the Primal Scene on the Sexual Behavior of the Early Adolescent", Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1975
"Ambiguity in Speech", Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1977
"Panel Report on "The Pathogeneity of the Primal Scene", Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1976
"Panel Report on Adult Masturbation: Clinical Perspectives, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1980
Review of "Hysteria, The Elusive Neurosis", by Alan Krohn, The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, Vol 49, No. 3, 1980
"Late Adolescence: The Second Separation Stage of Adolescence", The Course of Life, Vol 11, Greenspan S. I., and Pollock, G. N. (eds) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1981
"Commentary: La Formation du Psychoanalyste, Lebovici, Solnit, A. J. (eds), Presses Universitaires de France. 1982
"On the Analytic Therapy of Homosexual Men", The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, Vol. 40, 1985. Reprinted with additions as "On the Analytic Therapy of Gay Men", in Psychotherapy with Lesbians and Gay Men. Stein, T. S, and Cohen, C. J. (eds) Plenum Medical Book Company, 1986
"Homosexuality in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: Some Distinctions and Implications for Treatment". The Psychology of Men, C. Fogel, F. Lane, R Liebert (eds) Basic Books 1987
"The Development of Sexual Identity in Homosexual Men". The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, Vol. 41, 1986
"Fathers and their Homosexually Inclined Sons in Childhood", The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, Vol. 42, 1987
"Psychoanalytic Theory and the Therapy of Gay Men", Homosexuality/Heterosexuality. D. McWhirter, J Reinisch, S. Saunders. Oxford University Press
"Developmental Issues in Dynamic Therapy with Gay Men". Directions in Psychiatry, Vol 11, Haterleigh Co, 1991
"The Homosexual Analyst: Clinical Considerations". The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, Vol 46, 1991
"Dynamic Psychotherapy with Gay Men: Developmental Considerations". Review of Psychiatry, American Psychiatric Press, Vol 12, 1993
"Heterosexually Married Homosexual Men: Clinical and Developmental Issues". American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1998