Марксизмдегі экономизм тұжырымы

Marxist political concept

Economism, sometimes spelled economicism, is "the most orthodox [position in Marxism which] provides one to one correlations between the socio economic base and the intellectual superstructure". Economism refers to the distraction of working class political activism from a global political project to purely economic demands. The concept encompasses rewarding workers in socialism with money incentives, rather than incentivizing workers through revolutionary politics. The term is originally associated with Vladimir Lenin's critique of trade unionism.

The term economism was used by Lenin in his critique of the trade union movement, in reference to how working class demands for a more global political project can become supplanted by purely economic demands. Economistic demands include higher wages, shorter working hours, secure employment, health care, and other benefits. Under capitalism, the worker's labor power is commodified and sold in exchange for wages. Among the representatives of Russian economicism were Nikolai Lochoff, Yekektarina Kuskova, Alexander Martynov, Sergei Prokopovich, K. M. Takhtarev and others.

The charge of economism is frequently brought against revisionists by anti revisionists when economics, instead of politics, is placed in command of society; and when primacy of the development of the productive forces is held over concerns for the nature and relations surrounding those productive forces. Economism became a familiar term in Chinese political discourse only during the Cultural Revolution. In particular, economism became the most important issue during the Shanghai People's commune. Academic Yiching Wu argues, for example, that although local bureaucrats were in fact willing to make economistic concessions to workers, they had no control over the eruption of worker grievances and demands.

The term is often used to criticize economics as an ideology in which supply and demand are the only important factors in decisions and outstrip or permit ignoring all other factors. It is believed to be a side effect of neoclassical economics and blind faith in an "invisible hand" or laissez faire means of making decisions, extended far beyond controlled and regulated markets and used to make political and military decisions.