1980 жылдың шілдесіндегі оқиғалар

Month of 1980

The following events happened in July 1980:

The government of Poland announced that the price for consumer goods was being increased, after 14 years of prices being maintained at the same level with government subsidies. Two previous attempts to raise the price of meat— in December 1970 and June 1976— had been rescinded after rioting. Trybuna Ludu, the official newspaper of the ruling Polish United Workers Party, announced that increases were made because "there are now ways speedily to improve the market situation." The price of beef doubled from $1.50 per pound to $3.00 per pound, and raw bacon to $2.30 per pound. The first reported reaction was that 6,000 employees of a tractor factory in the Warsaw suburb of Ursus walked off the job in a one day strike. Two days later, thousands of Polish workers walked off the job on what would be the first of many labor strikes that would lead to the recognition of the Solidarity Movement in August. U. S. President Jimmy Carter issued Presidential Proclamation 4771 and re instated the requirement that young men register with the Selective Service System. At that time it was required that all males, born on or after January 1, 1960, register with the Selective Service System. Those who were now in this category were male U. S. citizens and male immigrant non citizens between the ages of 18 and 25; they were required to register within 30 days of their 18th birthday even if they were not actually eligible to join the military. The government of Turkish Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel narrowly survived a vote of confidence in the lower house of parliament, with 214 supporting his removal and 227 opposed. Turkish military leaders had planned for a coup d'état to take place on July 11, but called it off in the wake of the vote; the Supreme Military Council met again on August 26 and overthrew Demirel's government on September 12. A U. S. federal judge in Miami ordered a halt to deportation of more than 4,000 black Haitians. In a 180 page decision, James L. King wrote that people who fled Haiti were victims of prejudice by the United States government and had been denied due process by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). The comedy Airplane!, a parody of the popular disaster film genre, was released throughout the U. S. and Canada, and attracted generally favorable reviews. Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that "'Airplane!' has jokes— hilarious jokes— to spare. It's also clever and confident and furiously energetic." and Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times called in "a thrillingly nutty send up of the movies, with the redeeming and overdue social value of generous and innocent laughter." However, Kathleen Carroll of the Daily News wrote that after the first hour, "'Airplane' loses its buoyancy. Jim Abrahams, David Zucker and Jerry Zucker become so desperate for laughs that the jokes descend to a much cruder level. And 'Airplane' does an abrupt nosedive, turning into a hopelessly flat movie." Greenland's first national soccer football team played its first international match. The meeting, at Sauðárkrókur at the first annual Greenland Cup in Iceland, was against another Danish territory, the Faroe Islands. The new team lost its first game, 6–0. The next day, Greenland hosted Iceland in Húsavík, losing 4–1, finishing third in the tournament. Harborplace opened as a centerpiece of the revival of downtown Baltimore and the rebuilding of Baltimore's Inner Harbor. The $20 million shopping center had 120 restaurants, specialty markets and shops shielded beneath two glass enclosed pavilions.

Evonne Goolagong of Australia defeated Chris Evert Lloyd of the U. S. to win the women's singles title at Wimbledon for the first time in nine years. A group of 26 illegal aliens from El Salvador were smuggled across the border from Mexico into the United States, and then robbed by their guides and abandoned in the Yuma Desert within the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument in Arizona. The next day, one of the survivors reached Arizona State Route 85 near the town of Ajo. Searchers from the Pima County sheriff's office, the U. S. Border Patrol, the U. S. Customs Service, the National Park Service and the Arizona Department of Public Safety then searched the area and found 12 other survivors, along with 13 bodies of the unfortunate travelers who had died from dehydration. Border patrol agents had found three survivors on Friday night, who had insisted that there were no other people in the park, and a search was not started until 24 hours later.

Hundreds of Iranian officers and servicemen were arrested at Nojeh Air Base, near Hamedan, foiling a plot to overthrow the government of the Ayatollah Khomeini and President Abolhassan Banisadr, and to disestablish the Islamic Republic. Pope John Paul II visited Brazil. Seven people were crushed to death as a crowd surged into Castelão stadium in Fortaleza to see him. Although the stadium had a capacity of 120,000 people, an estimated 200,000 came to see the Pontiff. The record heat wave in the U. S., originally centered on Texas expanded across the South and the Plains States with temperatures above 100 °F in eight states and above 90° in twelve others. With the heat wave in its 17th day, the death toll rose to 177 nationwide. Within four days, 443 people in 15 states had died from heat stroke, with the majority of them in Missouri, Texas and Arkansas.

The long Fréjus Road Tunnel under Col du Fréjus in the Cottian Alps opened between France and Italy. At the time, it was the second longest road tunnel in the world (after the Arlberg Road Tunnel), before being superseded by the Gotthard Road Tunnel in September. It connects Modane in France and Bardonecchia in Italy. QUBE, a cable television system in Columbus, Ohio with an interactive media channel that allowed viewer participation, sponsored a football game where the viewers were given the opportunity to decide the plays. In the game, a semi pro football exhibition between the visiting Racine Gladiators of Wisconsin and the Columbus Metros, viewers were offered five choices for offensive plays (rush up the middle, rush to one side, and short, medium and long passes) and three defensive plays (straight defense, blitz or team choice). Metros coach Hal Dyer was required to follow whichever option received the highest tabulated number of viewer responses Roughly 5,000 of QUBE's 30,000 subscribers participated, and although the Metros took a 7 to 0 lead before the game was interrupted by a thunderstorm, they lost to the Gladiators, 10 to 7. Died: Pierre Satre, 71, French aviation engineer designer for the Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle and later for the Concorde.

In Canada, a fire on the top floor of the three story Extendicare nursing home in Mississauga, Ontario, killed 21 residents and injured 35 others. All of the victims were either bedridden or confined to wheelchairs. The nursing home's policy was to keep the least ambulatory patients on the higher floors. Billy Carter, the brother of U. S. President Jimmy Carter, was forced to register with the U. S. Department of Justice as a foreign agent for Libya. Billy acknowledged that he had accepted $220,000 from the government of Muammar Gaddafi.