Сан-Паулудағы Аньянгера тас жолы

Highway in São Paulo, Brazil

The Rodovia Anhanguera (official designation SP 330) (In English: Anhanguera Highway) is a highway in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It is one of the country's busiest transportation corridors. A 2005 survey conducted amongst Brazilian truck drivers rated it as the best transportation axis in the country. It is part of the federal highway called BR 050 that connects Brasilia to São Paulo, however, in the state of São Paulo it receives the name of SP 330. The Anhanguera Highway connects the city of São Paulo with the northeastern part of the state of São Paulo going through industrial cities and one of the most productive agricultural areas. It is one of the most important highways in Brazil and one of the busiest, with the highest traffic segment between São Paulo and Campinas, the first to be built. It is duplicated, containing sections with additional tracks and marginal clues. They have heavy traffic, especially of trucks. It is considered, together with the Bandeirantes Highway and the Washington Luis Highway, the country's largest financial corridor, since it interconnects some of the state's metropolitan regions such as São Paulo, Campinas and Ribeirão Preto, as well as the Jundiaí Urban Agglomerate and the Central Administrative Region.

A route was firstly mentioned in 1774 in a letter written by a lieutenant called José Peixoto da Silva Braga, with the track of the route. In that time, the lieutenant joined to the group of Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva (nicknamed as Anhanguera), a famous bandeirante who explored the backlands of Brazil to look for precious stones. A dirt road between São Paulo city and Campinas was opened, and afterwards reaching the state of Goiás, receiving the name of "Caminho dos Goyazes" (in English: Goyazes road). This road served the cattle troops and voyagers who explored the backlands for gold, precious stones and slaves, and after transported goods to small villages that were built along the road. The construction of a new road was started in 1914, based on the old Anhanguera's road. A group of 84 forced labor prisoners, paved 32 km of the track between São Paulo and Campinas. After some years, the prisoners were changed by employees to continue the construction and extend the road to northern regions of the state of São Paulo. A new highway was then officially inaugurated in 1940's, with different track, between São Paulo and Campinas. It was the first modern, asphalt paved, four lane highway in the country, named then as Anhanguera Highway. Anhanguera was the name given by native indigenous people to the bandeirante explorer of the 16th century, Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, who impressed them with tricks of setting fire to a plate full of cachaça, a Brazilian alcoholic drink. Anhanguera in the indigenous Tupi language means "old devil". The name of the new and modern highway was given to honor this bandeirante explorer, responsible by creating the old route and extending the territorial limits of Brazil.