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River in Wiltshire, England

The River Wylye ('/w//aɪ//l//i/ WYlee) is a chalk stream in the south of England, with clear water flowing over gravel. It is popular with anglers for fly fishing. A half mile stretch of the river and three lakes in Warminster are a local nature reserve.

The Wylye rises below the White Sheet Downs just south of Maiden Bradley in south west Wiltshire, then flows north through the Upper Deverills. A tributary which feeds the man made Shearwater lake joins near Crockerton. On the southern edge of Warminster the river turns to head generally east south east, running through the Mid Wylye Valley, into which the A36 road and the Wessex Main Line are also squeezed. The river passes through or touches the parishes of Bishopstrow, Norton Bavant, Heytesbury, Knook, Upton Lovell, Boyton, Codford, Stockton, Wylye and Wilton, near the southern edge of Salisbury Plain. At Wilton, it comes to an end, running into the River Nadder, which itself flows into the Hampshire Avon. That eventually drains into the English Channel at Christchurch. The Wylye forms part of the River Avon drainage basin and is fed by several winterbournes, which commonly dry up completely in the summer, so that the water flow in the river can vary greatly according to the time of year.

Two SSSIs are associated with the river: Steeple Langford Down and Wylye and Church Dean Downs. The Wylye Valley Vineyard is at Crockerton, near the river's source.

Wilton, and hence Wiltshire (which was originally Wiltonshire), are named after the river. There is also a village of Wylye.

The River Wylye is one of the five rivers mentioned in Edward Rutherfurd’s novel Sarum.