Кіріспе
10 ғасырдағы норвегиялық ақын Эйвиндр Финнссон (915–990), “skáldaspillir” (“Skald spoiler”) деген лақап атымен белгілі, 10 ғасырдағы норвегиялық скальд. Ол Хакон Игі патшаның және Хладир графы Хаконның сарай ақыны болды. Кейін оның ұлы Харекр Норвегиядағы белгілі басшыға айналды. Оның сақталған ұзын шығармалары:
Eyvindr Finnsson ( 915–990), known by the epithet skáldaspillir ("Skald spoiler"), was a 10th century Norwegian skald. He was the court poet of king Hákon the Good and earl Hákon of Hlaðir. His son Hárekr later became a prominent chieftain in Norway. His preserved longer works are:
Hákonarmál Composed in memory of king Hákon and tells of his reception in Valhalla. The poem is similar to the earlier Eiríksmál. Háleygjatal Recounts the ancestors of earl Hákon back up to Odin and tells of their deaths. The poem is similar to the earlier Ynglingatal. Some 14 stand alone stanzas (lausarvísur) on historical events. Among Evyindr's most celebrated lausarvísur is the following, attested in Haralds saga Gráfeldar, supposedly composed during the 960s or 970s:
Snýr á Svǫlnis vôru
— svá hǫfum inn sem Finnar
birkihind of bundit
brums — at miðju sumri. It is snowing on the spouse of Svǫlnir [i. e. the spouse of Óðinn, Jǫrð (the Old Norse equivalent of English ‘earth’)] in the middle of summer; we have tied up the bark stripping hind of the bud [i. e. goat] inside just like the Saami. Eyvindr drew heavily on earlier poetry in his works. The cognomen skáldaspillir means literally "spoiler of poets" and is sometimes translated as "plagiarist", though it might also mean that he was better than any other poet. He is mentioned in the second verse of the Norwegian national anthem.
Hákonarmál – Хакон патшаның есіне арналған, оның Вальхалладағы қабылдауы туралы баяндайды. Бұл өлең ертеректегі Эйриксмаль өлеңіне ұқсас. Háleygjatal – Хакон графының ата-тегін Одинге дейін жетеді және олардың қазасын айтады. Бұл өлең бұрынғы “Ynglingatal” өлеңімен сабақтас. Тарихи оқиғаларға арналған 14 жеке өлең (lausarvísur). Эйвиндрдің ең танымал лаусарвисуры 960 немесе 970 жылдары жазылған деп есептелетін Харальдтың Gráfeldar сағында келтірілген:
Eyvindr Finnsson ( 915–990), known by the epithet skáldaspillir ("Skald spoiler"), was a 10th century Norwegian skald. He was the court poet of king Hákon the Good and earl Hákon of Hlaðir. His son Hárekr later became a prominent chieftain in Norway. His preserved longer works are:
Hákonarmál Composed in memory of king Hákon and tells of his reception in Valhalla. The poem is similar to the earlier Eiríksmál. Háleygjatal Recounts the ancestors of earl Hákon back up to Odin and tells of their deaths. The poem is similar to the earlier Ynglingatal. Some 14 stand alone stanzas (lausarvísur) on historical events. Among Evyindr's most celebrated lausarvísur is the following, attested in Haralds saga Gráfeldar, supposedly composed during the 960s or 970s:
Snýr á Svǫlnis vôru
— svá hǫfum inn sem Finnar
birkihind of bundit
brums — at miðju sumri. It is snowing on the spouse of Svǫlnir [i. e. the spouse of Óðinn, Jǫrð (the Old Norse equivalent of English ‘earth’)] in the middle of summer; we have tied up the bark stripping hind of the bud [i. e. goat] inside just like the Saami. Eyvindr drew heavily on earlier poetry in his works. The cognomen skáldaspillir means literally "spoiler of poets" and is sometimes translated as "plagiarist", though it might also mean that he was better than any other poet. He is mentioned in the second verse of the Norwegian national anthem.
Snýr á Svǫlnis vôru
— svá hǫfum inn sem Finnar
birkihind of bundit
brums — at miðju sumri. Жаздың ортасында Свөлнирдің жұбайына қар жауады; біз саамдар сияқты бұтақтарын байлап, қабығын сызып алдық. Эйвиндр өзінің шығармаларында бұрынғы поэзияны кеңінен пайдаланды. “Skáldaspillir” деген лақап сөзбе-сөз “ақындарды жоқ ететін” дегенді білдіреді және кейде “плагиатшы” деп аударылады, бірақ ол басқа ақындардан жақсы болғанын да білдіруі мүмкін. Ол Норвегияның ұлттық әнұранының екінші шумағында еске алынады.
Eyvindr Finnsson ( 915–990), known by the epithet skáldaspillir ("Skald spoiler"), was a 10th century Norwegian skald. He was the court poet of king Hákon the Good and earl Hákon of Hlaðir. His son Hárekr later became a prominent chieftain in Norway. His preserved longer works are:
Hákonarmál Composed in memory of king Hákon and tells of his reception in Valhalla. The poem is similar to the earlier Eiríksmál. Háleygjatal Recounts the ancestors of earl Hákon back up to Odin and tells of their deaths. The poem is similar to the earlier Ynglingatal. Some 14 stand alone stanzas (lausarvísur) on historical events. Among Evyindr's most celebrated lausarvísur is the following, attested in Haralds saga Gráfeldar, supposedly composed during the 960s or 970s:
Snýr á Svǫlnis vôru
— svá hǫfum inn sem Finnar
birkihind of bundit
brums — at miðju sumri. It is snowing on the spouse of Svǫlnir [i. e. the spouse of Óðinn, Jǫrð (the Old Norse equivalent of English ‘earth’)] in the middle of summer; we have tied up the bark stripping hind of the bud [i. e. goat] inside just like the Saami. Eyvindr drew heavily on earlier poetry in his works. The cognomen skáldaspillir means literally "spoiler of poets" and is sometimes translated as "plagiarist", though it might also mean that he was better than any other poet. He is mentioned in the second verse of the Norwegian national anthem.
Басылымдар мен аудармалар
Эвиндр скальдаспиллир Финссон, Диана Уэйли (ред.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035, Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages, 1 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2012), https://www.skaldic.org/skaldic/m.php?p=skald&i=57