Уизбеч қаласындағы мектеп тарихы

School in Cambridgeshire, UK

Chartered by Edward VI in 1549 as a grammar school for boys, for much of its history it offered a largely classical curriculum of Greek, Latin and arithmetic under the governance of the Wisbech Corporation. The school has moved premises several times since its foundation, being based in St Peter's Church, the old guildhall in Hill Street and on South Brink before merging with the Wisbech High School for Girls in 1970 at the present site on North Brink. For much of the 20th century, it was a non fee paying voluntary aided school, but following LEA plans to remove this status and merge the Grammar School with two nearby secondary modern schools, the governors decided to become fully independent in 1983. The Guild was a powerful force in the later Middle Ages. The historical name "Schola Sanctae Trinitatis De Wysbech" is still used on the school's crest, which is derived from the seal of the Wisbech Corporation (itself based on the former Guild seal) and features the seated figures of St Peter and St Paul. The first record of a schoolmaster dates from 1407 when one Maurice Plank was given leave to study at Cambridge University for two terms on the understanding that he would appoint an usher to teach in his absence. Soon after foundation, the school moved to the Guildhall in Hill Street. A record from 1446 details how master Jacob Creffen was granted leave by the Bishop of Ely to collect an "adequate salary" from each scholar according to the "praiseworthy, ancient and approved custom". Following the English reformation, the Guild of the Holy Trinity was dissolved and replaced by the Wisbech Corporation. The school was renamed and re established by King Edward VI in 1549, who gave the school a charter "for the instruction of youth in grammatical knowledge and polite literature". The charter is still in existence, and is currently held by the Wisbech Museum. The same year, land was given for the construction of a school house next to the Guildhall building. After the Restoration of Charles II, the school's charter was renewed with the stipulation that the Capital Burgesses be given the choice of schoolmaster and that the Bishop of Ely "forever shall have the right of visitation, reformation, and correction of the schoolmaster, as of the school aforesaid". In 1638 a benefactor, William Holmes, gave £400 to the burgesses of Wisbech to be invested in land, and the rest applied for the maintenance of two scholars at Magdalene College, Cambridge. In his will of 1656 Holmes directed that the whole yearly income of his 46 acre estate in Holbeach, Lincolnshire be paid yearly towards the maintenance of the scholars and the endowment of the school. Other land and property had been donated to the school in the wills of Thomas Parkes in 1628 and John Crane in 1651. Crane's estate included land in Fleet, Lincolnshire and an inn on Market Hill called the Black Bull. In 1793, property developer Joseph Medworth purchased the site of Wisbech Castle, including John Thurloe's 1660 mansion (supposedly in a very poor condition) and the land surrounding it from the See of Ely, building the Georgian Circus along the bailey walls. As part of his scheme, in 1811 he tried to persuade the corporation to purchase the mansion and demolish the Old Grammar School building in Ship Street (now Hill Street) with the intention of building a new street through to the market place. The Corporation refused (it is usually assumed that the other burgesses intended to purchase the mansion for the same purpose after Medworth's death at a reduced price). As a result, Medworth demolished Thurloe's mansion and erected the present Wisbech Castle building in 1816. Richmond records that the upper boys were reading Cicero, and their knowledge of Latin grammar was "satisfactory". He also records the teaching of Greek, algebra, and English language, noting that French was taught as an extra. The school continued to use the former guildhall site in Hill Street until 1898, by which stage the medieval building was much altered and in a dilapidated condition. The house and its grounds was originally intended to be the headmaster's residence and provide lodgings for a few boarders, but soon expanded to accommodate the entire school with the construction of classrooms and a hall. The central block of the 18th century town house was used as a panelled library. In his 1939 history of the school, headmaster H. Lawrence White opines that the purchase of this 18th century house was a "grave mistake", as it was "constantly needing repairs" and was "difficult to warm". He suggests that for the eventual price of conversion, a purpose built school would have been a more satisfactory decision. Initial plans to build a dormitory for boarding pupils were scrapped, with a physics laboratory being constructed instead, effectively ending the tradition of boarding scholars. The Education Act 1902 brought the school under the control of the Isle of Ely local education authority as a voluntary aided school. By 1917, the boys' Grammar School had 64 pupils attending. Numbers had been swelled by an influx of boys from the Barton House School, a small private school which had closed in 1913.

The 1902 Education Act also made it a legal requirement for the County Council to provide an equal educational opportunity for girls. A conference was held in October 1903 to discuss the founding of a girls' school, and by January 1905 Wisbech High School for Girls was established in Harecroft House on the North Brink. The house had been donated on a long term lease for the purpose by Baron Peckover's family. Harecroft House had been built in 1844 by Algernon Peckover, and his descendants lived in the house until the death of Susannah Peckover in 1903, after which it was left vacant. The first headmistress was Beatrice Sparks, who was the first woman to complete the Oxford Tripos in mathematics. This hall was, until recently, used as the school dining room and is now the school's library. Originally, the High School was able to take boarders, which continued until after World War II. The boys' school continued to grow throughout the 20th century. 160 former pupils fought in World War I, of whom eleven were decorated and nine "mentioned in dispatches". Nineteen former pupils were killed in action. During World War II, 272 boys and 26 staff from the Stationers' Company's School in London were evacuated to Wisbech, where they were billeted with local families and shared premises with the Grammar School for teaching. From 1936 to 1959, the Chairman of the governors of the boys' school was the local Liberal politician Alderman John W. Payne J. P., who was also, concurrently, Chairman of the Isle of Ely County Council Education Committee. The school came under Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely LEA when the two councils merged in 1965. Both the Grammar School and High School co existed as voluntary aided schools until 1970 when they merged to become co educational, with the Grammar School moving into the North Brink High School site under headmaster Dr. D. S. Anderson. Relations between the schools had always been close; the amalgamation had been planned for some time, and a number of new laboratories and classrooms had already been under construction on the North Brink site before the two schools merged. The school magazine Riverline was first published in 1971. At the time, entry to the co educational Grammar School was at age 13, meaning that at age 11, all pupils attended the comprehensive single sex Queen's Girls' and Queen's Boys' Schools until an eleven plus style examination was taken by all pupils. At this point, academically able pupils were given the opportunity to move to the selective mixed sex grammar school, with other children staying within the two secondary modern schools. Soon after it became independent, the Grammar School lowered its entry age to 11 and joined the Assisted Places Scheme, a governmental scheme instigated in 1980 which allowed pupils who could not afford to go to fee paying independent schools a free or subsidised place if they were within the top 10–15% of applicants in the school's entrance examination. By 1994, 53% of the Grammar School's pupils held assisted places, the highest proportion of any school in the scheme. In 1991, a major extension to the school site added 19 classrooms, four laboratories, two computer rooms, a sports hall and library. The former gymnasium was rebuilt and extended to become the Russell Hall, the senior school assembly hall and theatrical stage. A performing arts centre, the Dwight Centre, was completed in April 2003 with facilities for English and music teaching, drama and music technology. and a new refectory. In 2019, the school re introduced boarding with the opening of two International Boarding Houses. Boarders from China first attended the school from September 2019. In 2020 the school, but not the buildings , were taken on by Access Education, an Anglo/Chinese body which also runs Thetford Grammar School and Brighton College amongst other schools. A new charity, under a board of trustees, was proposed in 2020 to oversee the freehold of the school and its associated buildings and land.

The main senior school entry is at age 11 by a competitive examination. Pupils can also enter at second, third and fourth form levels. Offers of sixth form places are made on the basis of interview and a report. In 2018, the junior school had 141 pupils, the senior school had 377 students, of whom 86 were in the sixth form, with roughly equal numbers of boys and girls. 2019 2020 Senior school fees were £4,579 per term, with means tested bursaries available at Key Stages 3, 4 and 5 known as governors' assisted places.

The school year is divided into three terms, with a five day week (Monday to Friday). The school day is divided into eight periods of 40 minutes, with morning and lunch breaks. A 2009 Independent Schools Inspectorate report noted that GCSE and A level results were "well above the national average". In 2010, the number of pupils achieving the Level 2 threshold (equivalent to five GCSEs at grades A* to C including English and maths GCSEs) was listed as the second highest in the Cambridgeshire LEA with a 99% pass rate. At AS and A2 levels, the school was listed as sixth in Cambridgeshire, with an average of 860.9 points. The 2014 Independent School Inspectorate report listed four 'Recommendations for further improvement'. The majority of students go on to higher education following the completion of their A levels at the end of Year Thirteen (aged 17–18). The Music Department also has rehearsals for the school orchestra, chamber choir, wind band and brass ensemble amongst other ensembles. Two thirds of the student body enter the Maths Challenge competition, and the mathematics department also runs a regular maths help club. The school stages theatrical productions regularly, either in the Russell Hall or the Dwight Centre drama studio. Recent productions include She Stoops to Conquer, The Recruiting Officer, My Fair Lady, Amadeus, The Duchess of Malfi, Pride and Prejudice, Oh, What a Lovely War! and Twelfth Night. Drama and Theatre Studies is now an A Level option. Pupils participate in various stages of The Duke of Edinburgh's Award, and the school runs expeditions to a variety of locations in the Lake District, Snowdonia and the Yorkshire Dales. The school has a long running exchange scheme with the Willibrord Gymnasium in Emmerich in North Germany, as well as a château trip for second formers and a study visit to France. Lower sixth formers can participate in the Young Enterprise scheme, and in 2010 the school companies were awarded 1st and 2nd "Best Company" in the Peterborough region and second in the regional finals. The school's design department reached the national finals of the Greenpower competition to design and build an electric racing car for the third year in a row with their car "Twin Cambs" in 2010. Sport is played at the school, and this rotates on a termly basis with rugby, hockey and cricket for boys, and hockey, netball, cricket and rounders for girls. The sports teams compete against similar schools from Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire and Norfolk. Athletics and indoor sports are usually played jointly.

Former pupils are now known as "Old Grammarians" (formerly "Wisbech Old Grammarians"). The school has a number of notable alumni. The earliest recorded alumnus is Thomas Herring (1693–1757), who was Archbishop of Canterbury between 1747 and 1757. Perhaps the most famous alumnus is the abolitionist, Thomas Clarkson (1760–1846), whose father, John, was headmaster at the school. His essay on slavery and subsequent campaigning led to the foundation of the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade and the passage of the Slave Trade Act of 1807, which ended British trade in slaves. Thomas Clarkson's younger brother John Clarkson (1764–1828) also attended the school. He subscribed to his brother's abolitionist cause, and became the first governor of the free Sierra Leone colony, founding the country's capital city, Freetown. Other figures from this era include General Sir Charles Wale (1765–1845), the last British governor of Martinique, and The Hon. Charles Lindsay (1760–1846), the last Bishop of Kildare. Victorian composer and organist W. H. Jude (1851–1922) was a prolific lecturer and hymnodist, and opened over 1000 organs across the UK and Australasia during his career. Another composer associated with the school was Peter Fenn (1931–2011), director of music for Anglia Television, who attended the school as an evacuee during World War II. Philip Vassar Hunter (1883–1956) was awarded the CBE for his anti submarine research in World War I, and in World War II invented the buoyant cable which contributed to the defeat of the magnetic mine. He was later President of the Institution of Electrical Engineers and manager of the British Ice Hockey Association. Sir Frank Stockdale (1883–1949) was a Holmes Scholar, and during his career as an agriculturalist played a leading part in establishing rubber, tea, and coconut research institutions. He was appointed the first comptroller for development and welfare in the West Indies in 1940, and was co chairman of the Anglo Caribbean Commission. Brian Hitch (1934–2004), diplomat, was also a Holmes Scholar and was High Commissioner to Malta between 1988 and 1991. Sarah Cowley was British ambassador to Latvia between 2013 and 2017. Actors from the school include Zara Dawson and Claire Goose. In sport, George Russell drives for Mercedes in Formula 1, Ali Price plays Rugby Union for the Glasgow Warriors and internationally for Scotland. Fred Hoyles (1923–2004) was Wimbledon tennis referee in chief from 1976 to 1982. Other alumni include author John Gordon (1925 2017), known for his children's novel The Giant Under The Snow; economist Professor Stephen Littlechild, who developed the price cap system of electricity regulation; Denys Bullard (1912–1994), MP for South West Norfolk, Ray Palma (later known as Ray DaSilva), founder of the Norwich Puppet Theatre; Richard Blakesley, joint inventor of the Kymera wand, which won £200,000 backing on Dragons' Den, Mike Stevens, musical director and record producer and Will Millard, writer, explorer and presenter of BBC2's Hunters of the South Seas.

Magdalene House is a 5–11 mixed, private preparatory school and is an integral part of Wisbech Grammar School with which it shares staff and facilities. The school takes its name from Magdalene College, Cambridge. A junior and infant department opened in September 1997 after the closure of St Audrey's Convent school. St Audrey's was a feeder school, and its closure allowed the then grammar school headmaster, Robert Repper, to transfer most of the teaching staff to the new junior school. The junior and infant school has now become a preparatory school for the senior school. It was retitled as Magdalene House in 2005, a reference to a 17th century scholarship which allowed two Wisbech Grammar School pupils to study at Magdalene College, Cambridge. There were 177 pupils registered in 2018, of whom 15 were in reception and 136 in years 1 to 6.