Есік ашқыш құрылғысы немесе автоматты есік операторы

Device that operates a swing door for pedestrian use

A swing door operator (or swing door opener or automatic swing door operator) is a device that operates a swing door for pedestrian use. It opens or helps open the door automatically, waits, then closes it.

Full Energy operators are typically used on the outside doors of medium sized retail business. (Larger retail businesses prefer sliding door operators.) Low Energy operators are typically used where a simple door closer is sufficient for able users, yet it is necessary to add access to disabled users: small businesses, apartments, bathrooms.

A door operator may use sensors to prevent the door from coming into contact with a user. Full Energy operators require at least 3 sensors. Low energy operators are not required to have safety sensors, as the door is allowed to come in contact with a user, given that the kinetic energy of the moving door is limited by the reduced moving speed. Historically, sensors have been simply floor mats that sense the weight of a user, one in the area immediately in front of the door (the approach side) and one in the area behind it (the swing side). The approach side mat is often used as a trigger sensor. The swing side mat prevents the door from starting to open as long as some other person is detected in the swing area; once the door starts opening, this mat is ignored, as it will sense the user going through. Today, infrared safety sensors or laser safety sensor are normally used. Four types are commonly used. Header mounted presence sensor—mounted on the jamb above the door, on the approach side, it detects the presence of a person standing in front of the door. Approach side, door mounted sensor—mounted on the approach side of the door itself, used as the door is closing to detect a user in the way of the closing door. Some safety sensor also safeguard the hinge area to protect hands and fingers during the closing process. In that case, the operator either stops the door or reopens it. Swing side, door mounted sensor—mounted on the swing side of the door itself, used as the door is opening to detect a user in the way of the opening door. In that case, the operator stops the door. The sensitivity of infrared sensors must be reduced at the end of the opening angle, if it starts seeing a wall next to the door, so it may not confuse it with a user. Laser based sensors increase the safety by learning the surroundings of the door and dynamically adapt their detection fields to only ignore the wall next to the door. Safety beam—this beam crosses the path of the user past the swing side. If interrupted, the operator assumes that a person has crossed into the swing area, and it is not safe to open the door at full speed. This sensor is ignored once the door has started to open, as then the operator assumes that it is the user having gone through the door that has interrupted the beam.

The majority of the operators open the door directly or through an arm. Overhead concealed mount—the operator is mounted above the door and rotates the door directly, through its pivot. Surface mount, push (scissor arm)—the operator is mounted on the wall above the door, on the approach side and pushes the door with a linkage of 2 arms. Surface mount, pull (track)—the operator is mounted on the wall above the door, on the swing side and pulls the door with an arm whose end slides in a track mounted on the door. Underfloor concealed units—the operator is mounted within the floor and rotates the door directly, through its pivot. This can also be off set to work in conjunction with door hinges via an off set door strap. Variations on the above exist. There are also rare operators that use a mechanism that is disconnected from the door, and reaches out and pushes on the door itself when it needs to open it.