1967 жылғы Израиль айналасындағы аумақтарды бөлу жоспары

1967 plan to distribute the territory around Israel

The Allon Plan was a political proposition that outlined potential next steps for Israel after the 1967 Arab–Israeli War. It was drafted by Israeli politician Yigal Allon following Israel's seizure of territory from Syria, Jordan, and Egypt; the Israeli military had come to occupy Syria's Golan Heights, the Jordanian annexed West Bank and the Egyptian occupied Gaza Strip, and Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. Allon advocated a partitioning of the West Bank between Israel and Jordan, the creation of a sovereign state for Druze in the Golan Heights, and the return of most of the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. Broader aims of the Allon Plan in partitioning the West Bank were to enable an Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem, the Etzion Bloc, and most of the Jordan Valley (from the Jordan River to the eastern slopes of the hill ridge). All remaining parts of the West Bank, containing the majority of Palestinians, were to be returned to Jordan — connected to the country by a corridor through Jericho — or reorganized as Palestinian autonomous territory. However, the Allon Plan was rejected by Jordanian king Hussein. Allon died in 1980 and his proposition was never implemented, though the Sinai Peninsula had been returned as part of the Egypt–Israel peace treaty in 1979. In 1981, the Israeli government passed the Golan Heights Law, effectively annexing the territory captured from Syria.

The Allon Plan was based on the doctrine that Israeli sovereignty over a large part of the Israeli occupied territories was necessary for Israel's defense. On the other hand, Allon wanted Israel to return populated territories, and most of the Sinai Peninsula as well, to Arab control, in order to progress towards a solution to the Arab Israeli conflict. The plan also included the creation of a Druze state in Syria's Quneitra Governorate, including the Israeli occupied Golan Heights.

After the Six Day War, Israeli leaders considered two possibilities to end the occupation: either the "Jordanian option", holding the transfer of control for most of the territory of the West Bank to the Jordanian monarch, or alternatively the "Palestinian option", under which the Palestinians would get autonomy or an independent state. The majority of the Government, including Yigal Allon, favored the Palestinian option. In June 1967, according to journalist Reuven Pedatzur, writing in 2007 in an article in Haaretz, Allon expressed caution over the Jordanian option and declared that "The last thing we must do is to return one inch of the West Bank. We must not view Hussein as existing forever – today it is Hussein, but tomorrow it is Nabulsi, and the day after that some Syrian will take hold of them and following that they will make a defense pact with the Soviet Union and China and we'll find ourselves in a much more difficult position. We are talking about a matter that is not forever, and we are placing it on a phenomenon that is flesh and blood, and perhaps will remain for a maximum of 60 years, if he does not get shot before that.". Allon said that he was "taking the maximum possibility. Not a canton, not an autonomous region, but an independent Arab state agreed on between us and them in an enclave surrounded by Israeli territory – independent even in its foreign policy." In July 1967, Prime Minister Levi Eshkol stated that there was no choice in order to ensure Israel's security needs but to continue to control the entire area as far as the Jordan River, militarily. But in order to avoid turning Israel into a bi national state, the Arab citizens of the West Bank should be granted a special status. A quasi independent autonomous region was the first option. Israel wanted to keep Gaza, but did not rule out discussions on its future. The return of East Jerusalem was not open for discussion.

During the first decade of the occupation, the Israeli settlement policy was largely based on the Allon Plan. As the Plan propagated a security doctrine, the Jordan River marked the strategic border of Israel, serving as a buffer zone between Israel and the "Eastern Front". Settlements built in the Jordan Valley were designed as permanent advance position lookouts in the 15 kilometers wide strip along the Jordan Valley and Judean Desert to be annexed by Israel. Settlements in the Jordan Valley, which are typically agricultural settlements, are primarily located along two major north south bypass roads: the Allon Road in the western and Route 90 in the eastern Jordan Valley. The Palestinians see the Jordan Valley, the most fertile part of the West Bank with important water resources, as the breadbasket for the future Palestinian State. In June 1967, Israel de facto annexed East Jerusalem and surrounding parts of the West Bank by incorporating the areas into the Jerusalem Municipality, although it carefully avoided using the term annexation. In the following years, extensive construction of settlements took place in the Greater Jerusalem area, resulting in a ring of Israeli settlements that separates Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank. During and after the failed 2013 14 Israeli Palestinian peace negotiations, renewed discussions appeared in the press about ideas from Israeli politicians to annex Area C. Area C includes the Jordan Valley, but encloses a much larger area.

While Hebron was predestined in the Allon Plan to be part of the Palestinian autonomous region, in 1968 Israel made it clear to Jordan that apart from the annexation of the Jordan Valley, it also wanted a strip of territory running to the Hebron area. Yaacobi further stated that the media had misrepresented Dayan as being prepared to return most, if not all, of the West Bank to Jordan; he was not. Dayan felt it was important for Israelis to settle outside the lines of the Allon Plan, though not within Arab municipalities. The Greater Jerusalem area should be expanded to include Ramallah and Bethlehem, with Israeli citizenship granted its Arab inhabitants. Dayan envisaged a metropolitan Nablus Jenin complex under the sovereignty of "the Arab nation east of the Jordan", an enclave smaller than the one outlined in the Allon Plan, and, unlike the provisions of the Allon Plan, internal security responsibilities would fall on the Israeli military in cooperation with Arab police.

In the initial version of the Allon Plan, he envisioned the Gaza Strip being annexed to Israel. In a subsequent revision of the plan, however, Allon conceived of Gaza as part of a Jordanian Palestinian state.