Ла-Уньон: Тарихы мен географиясы

La Unión is situated in the Region of Murcia in the southeast of Spain. It has an area of 24.6 km², and had a population of 19,907 on 1 January 2018. It has an elevation of 86 m. Its average annual temperature is 17 °C. It has balmy winters. The sun shines 320 days per year. La Unión is situated in one of the sunniest areas in Europe; this kind of climate makes possible the many leisure activities, popular fiestas, sports, and cultural activities that are held in the town. The town is linked by a regular train to Cartagena which allows views of the past industrial heritage of the area (lead, alum and silver mining) and the more modern occupations of agriculture and tourism. La Unión lies within the built up area of Cartagena and is surrounded on all landward sides by the City of Cartagena. The rich mines of La Union provided most of the silver and lead needed by the Late Roman Republic, as it was studied by the archaeologist Eulalia Sintas Martínez.

The sea location of Portmán led to the arrival of Phoenician vessels whose people were interested in the place. In this place, the Phoenicians developed mining activities. Their reason was just commercial. In this municipality ceramic pots originating from Hellenic civilization were discovered in the archaeological site of Cabezo Agudo. There are also remains of the Iberian people in this area. During the period of Carthaginian control in no little part of the Iberian Peninsula, these people found mining resources in the area of this current municipality. These materials and the esparto were the main resources of the Carthaginian economy. In spite of that fact, mining activities were not more relevant until the Roman Hispania period. The Romans conquered Kart Hadast (the current city of Cartagena in Spain) in the year 209 BC and established in this area. In the place of the previous Kart Hadast, they set the city Carthago Nova. The area of this current municipality became a space for setting villae and mining areas. Some remaining structures are Villa Paturro. After the Roman Hispania period and in the era of the arrival and presence of the Visigoths in Murcia, there was a decline in the littoral of Campo de Cartagena. The reasons for that fact were the continuous invasions of the Byzantines and the mining activities did not practically take place. During the Islamic presence era there were not many inhabitants in this territory. In this period, as well as the previous one, there was not much interest in the mining activities in La Unión. This kind of activities began to be considered more interesting after the Reconquista. There is little information and knowledge about La Unión in the Early modern period. In spite of the fact that the mining in this area began to gain weight, it was not relevant until the 19th century. Before that century, the inhabitants of the future municipality made their livings with the cattle industry and agriculture, but the mining activities were part of the economic activities of this territory. One of the main consequences of this mining boom was the large increase of the population in this area. This increase in inhabitants had its origin in the waves of immigration coming from Andalusia whose people settled in the areas in Región de Murcia where there were more mining activities. The people who settled in La Unión came mostly from Almería. and the most widely grown products are the celeries, the lettuces, the potatoes, the melons and the citrus. 10.78% agreements were written for jobs of the agriculture and fishing sector in 2019. 69.59% agreements occurred in the service sector in 2019.

A consultorio (primary care centre with the fewest functions) can be found in Portmán and another one in Roche. There is a centro de salud (primary care centre) in the main town.

The main town hosts 4 early childhood and primary education centres (CEIP) and 2 secondary education centres (IES). There is also an early childhood and primary education centre in Portmán and another one in Roche.

Antiguo Mercado Público de La Unión: The Antiguo Mercado Público de La Unión (building for the former public market) is one of the most prominent Modernist buildings in Región de Murcia. It was built in the year 1907. Casa Zapata o del Tío Lobo:This building was built in the year 1913 and it has an Art Nouveau architectural style. Liceo del Obrero: It was built in the year 1906. Casa del Piñón: This edifice was built in the year 1899 and it is an example of architectural eclecticism in La Unión. The purpose of Casa del Piñón was to be a rental building for families with high purchasing power. Villa romana El Paturro: This former construction has two sections, the first was a living area and the second one was an industrial area. This area had two stages. The first one was related to the Roman Late Republican period, dated in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, and it was a commercial settlement before becoming a mining area. In the 1st century AD, the former mining area became a salting factory. Agrupa Vicenta Mine: It was a former mining extraction area and it is currently an musealizated mine. Its purpose was the mining extraction from 1860 to the middle of the 20th century. There is a reddish pond as a result of pyrite action.

Semana Santa Minera (Mining Holy Week): During these festive days there is a parade or festive pilgrim or walk named Stations of the Cross. This act is conducted in the territories whose religion is Catholicism during the Holy Week, but the special feature of these walks in La Unión is that the statue which is carried is about an unconventional version of Christ which is dedicated to the mining and the miners, this is called 'Cristo de los mineros' (Christ of the miners). There are also other processions (organised religious and sometimes festive walkings) such as one that is held on Good Friday (The previous Friday to Eastern Monday) and another one whose name is Procesión del Santo Entierro. Virgen del Rosario Festivity: It is held on 7 October. There are some activities that are carried out during the festivity such as amusement rides. Other activities are parades in which people are disguised and floats and carried. There are also dances, concerts and performances during this festive day.