SS L'Atlantique

French ocean liner. SS L'Atlantique was a French ocean liner owned by the Compagnie de Navigation Sud Atlantique, a subsidiary of the Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT). When completed in 1931 she was the largest, swiftest and most luxurious ocean liner on the route between Europe and South America. Her career was cut short by a fire in 1933 that gutted much of the ship and killed 19 of her crew. She was scrapped in Scotland in 1936.

Ateliers et Chantiers de Saint Nazaire Penhoët built L'Atlantique at Saint Nazaire. Her keel was laid on 28 November 1928. She was launched on 15 April 1930 and completed on 7 September 1931. The ship's length overall was 733 feet (223 m), and because of the shallowness of the Río de la Plata she was given a draught of only 29.5 feet (9 m) and unusually broad beam of 92 feet (28 m). The ship's main engines were four sets of triple expansion steam turbines driving four propellers. They developed a total of 45,000 shaft horsepower and gave her a speed of There was a foyer at the center of the ship three decks high. ), along with Messieurs Raguenet et Maillard. Her size, speed and luxury exceeded the level of demand between Europe and South America, and she was seldom fully booked. She relied on a substantial subsidy from the French government. In 1932 the height of her funnels was increased by 16.5 feet (5 m). The fire buckled some of L'Atlantiques hull plates. By late afternoon she was listing 20 degrees to port. She drifted northeast, and on 5 January she came within of the Isle of Portland on the English coast. Nine tugs towed the still burning ship to Cherbourg. The operation took 30 hours, during which several of the tugs were damaged.

The New York Times claimed that on 5 January the French Ministry of Marine issued a statement saying the ship was considered a total loss. In fact the fire was not extinguished until 8 January and the ship's fate was not decided for another three years. After the fire was extinguished, the bodies of five of her crew were found in the lower part of the ship. Only two were identifiable. The fire had gutted her accommodation from A to F deck and her plates were buckled above the waterline, but her engines and boiler rooms were relatively undamaged. Her owners wanted the ship written off as a total loss but her underwriters contended that she was not beyond economic repair. The hulk remained at Cherbourg while a committee of experts was appointed, which obtained repair estimates from shipbuilders. Eventually the underwriters agreed that L'Atlantique was beyond economic repair. They paid Compagnie de Navigation Sud Atlantique the equivalent of US$ 6.8 million or UK£ 2 million for the loss. In February 1936 L'Atlantique was sold for scrap and towed to Port Glasgow, where the company of Smith and Houston started breaking her up in March. Her owners used her insurance settlement to order a smaller but faster replacement ship, , which was launched in 1938 and completed in 1939.

L'Atlantique was one of five French ocean liners destroyed by fire within a decade. Four of those liners belonged to CGT. In May 1932 Messageries Maritimes' motor ship had burned and sunk on her maiden voyage with the loss of 54 lives. The fire aboard L'Atlantique came only eight months later. In 1935 the French government responded with new regulations. The use of wood was banned at vulnerable points such as stairs and lift shafts. Carpets and fabric wall hangings had to be treated with fire retardants. Crews must be trained to fight fires, and any ship of more than 15,000 tons must carry three professional firemen. Despite the new regulations there were more fires. In May 1938 CGT's was destroyed by fire in dry dock in Le Havre. In April 1939 CGT's caught fire and capsized, also in Le Havre. And in February 1942 CGT's flagship caught fire and capsized in New York while being converted into a troop ship.