Жаңа Зеландияның сыртқы саясаты және халықаралық қатынастары

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The foreign relations of New Zealand are oriented chiefly toward developed democratic nations and emerging Pacific Island economies. Until the late 20th century, New Zealand aligned itself strongly with the United Kingdom (as a former British colony) and had few bilateral relationships with other countries. From the latter half of the 20th century, Australia has been New Zealand's most important cultural, economic and military partner. Today, the country participates in several multilateral political organisations, including Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Pacific Community, and the Pacific Islands Forum. New Zealand has been described as an emerging power; however, such a claim needs to be considered in the context of its medium sized economy and limited military capability. The country's major political parties have generally agreed on the broad outlines of foreign policy, and the government has been active in promoting free trade, nuclear disarmament, and arms control. In summer 2013, New Zealand Foreign Minister Murray McCully reported that:
All New Zealand's important relationships are in good repair With the United States there are hopes of a major breakthrough in terms of trade relations. Sino – New Zealand relations are also subdued, but trade is burgeoning. Japan's decision to join the Trans Pacific Partnership is a welcome change and New Zealand continues to pursue a free trade agreement with South Korea. The government is pressing ahead with plans to strengthen relations in a number of other areas, including Russia, South Asia, Latin America, the Persian Gulf and especially the South Pacific. It is also alive to the potential benefits of closer ties with countries on the African continent.

New Zealand was first settled by Polynesians about 1300 AD. From the 1760s New Zealand was visited by various European explorers and traders, and later missionaries and settlers. An informal system of trade was established, especially in Northland, and some iwi (tribes) became wealthy and powerful. As Māori was a tribal level society of many shifting chiefdoms, relationships with Europeans were ad hoc and informal. In 1835 a group of Northland chiefs, under the guidance of British resident James Busby, signed a declaration of independence, which was recognised by Britain.

Many Māori were still worried that a European power might invade and dispossess them, and some iwi were having difficulties controlling the large numbers of Europeans who visited and settled in their areas. English missionaries were also concerned about the levels of lawlessness, which were undermining their efforts to convert Māori to Christianity. The British Colonial Office, influenced by the missionaries and by reports that the independent New Zealand Company was planning to privately colonise the islands, sent naval captain William Hobson to negotiate a treaty. The subsequent Treaty of Waitangi, signed in 1840, made New Zealand part of the British Empire, established a Governor of New Zealand, and gave Māori the rights of British subjects. The annexation of New Zealand by Britain meant that Britain now controlled New Zealand's foreign policy. Subsidised large scale immigration from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland began, and miners came for the gold rush around 1850–60. The colony became internally self governing in the 1850s with representative and responsible government, but had no control over foreign affairs and defence. In the 1860s, the British sent 16,000 soldiers to contain the New Zealand wars in the North Island. The colony shipped gold and, especially, wool to Britain. From the 1880s the development of refrigerated shipping allowed the establishment of an export economy based on the mass export of frozen meat and dairy products to Britain. In 1899–1902 New Zealand made its first contribution to an external war, sending troops to fight on the British side in the Second Boer War. The country changed status from colony to dominion with full internal self governance in 1907. New Zealand eagerly sent a large fraction of its young men to fight on Britain's side in the First World War. Their heroism in the failed Gallipoli campaign made their sacrifices iconic in New Zealand memory, and secured the psychological independence of the nation. After the war New Zealand signed the Treaty of Versailles (1919) joined the League of Nations. Wellington trusted Conservative Party governments in London, but not Labour. When the British Labour Party took power in 1924 and 1929, the New Zealand government felt threatened by Labour's foreign policy because of its reliance upon the League of Nations. The League was distrusted and Wellington did not expect to see the coming of a peaceful world order under League auspices. What had been the Empire's most loyal Dominion became a dissenter as it opposed efforts the first and second British Labour governments to trust the League's framework of arbitration and collective security agreements. The governments of the Reform and United Parties between 1912 and 1935 followed a "realistic" foreign policy. They made national security a high priority, were sceptical of international institutions such as the League, and showed no interest on the questions of self determination, democracy, and human rights. However the opposition Labour Party was more idealistic and proposed a liberal internationalist outlook on international affairs. From 1935 the First Labour Government showed a limited degree of idealism in foreign policy, for example opposing the appeasement of Nazi Germany and Japan.

When World War II broke out in 1939, New Zealand whole heartedly joined in the defence of Britain, with Prime Minister Michael Joseph Savage declaring that "where Britain goes, we go; where Britain stands, we stand". New Zealand soldiers served in North Africa, Italy and the Pacific, and airmen in England and the Pacific, throughout the war, even when New Zealand had concerns about invasion by the Japanese.

During World War II the New Zealand government created a Department of External Affairs (now the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade) for the first time in 1943, taking control of foreign policy that had previously been run by the Dominions Office in London. In 1947 New Zealand ratified the 1931 Statute of Westminster with the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947, which made New Zealand fully independent of Britain. The Fall of Singapore during World War II made New Zealand realise that she could no longer rely on Britain to defend the British Empire. New Zealand troops supported the British in the successful battle against Communist insurrection in Malaysia and maintained an air force fighter squadron in Singapore, and later on Cyprus, again supporting British forces. New Zealand diplomats sought an alliance with the United States of America, and in 1951 adhered to the ANZUS Treaty between New Zealand, Australia and the US. In return for America's guarantee of protection, New Zealand felt obliged to support America in its wars, and New Zealand committed forces to the Korean War (1950–1953) under United Nations Command auspices and to the Vietnam War. By the 1970s, many New Zealanders began to feel uncomfortable with their country's support for the US, particularly in Vietnam and regarding the visits of nuclear powered and armed United States Armed Forces warships. The Third Labour government (1972–1975) pulled New Zealand troops out of the Vietnam War and protested against French nuclear testing in the Pacific, at one stage sending a warship to act as disapproving witness to the tests. Britain's entry into the European Economic Community in 1973 forced New Zealand into a more independent role. The British move restricted New Zealand's trade access to its biggest market, and it sought new trading partners in Asia, America and the Middle East. Australia and New Zealand signed the free trade Closer Economic Relations agreement in 1983. The election of the Fourth Labour Government in 1984 marked a new period of independent foreign policy. Nuclear powered and nuclear armed ships were banned from New Zealand waters, effectively removing New Zealand from the ANZUS pact. Immigration laws were liberalised, leading to a massive increase in immigration from Asia. The Fourth National Government (1990–1999) liberalised trade by removing most tariffs and import restrictions. In 2008, Minister of Foreign Affairs Winston Peters announced what he called "a seismic change for New Zealand's foreign service", designed to remedy the country's "struggling to maintain an adequate presence on the international stage". Peters said that the Ministry would receive additional funding and increase the number of New Zealand diplomats serving abroad by 50%. However this policy was reversed following the 2008 General Election which brought the John Key led Fifth National Government of New Zealand to power.

New Zealand is a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations – as one of the original members, the Dominion of New Zealand was declared on 26 September 1907. The reigning monarch and head of state, currently King Charles III, King of New Zealand is viceregally represented by the Governor General of New Zealand. New Zealand has strong relations with most other Commonwealth countries and has High Commissioners and High Commissions in most of them.

New Zealand was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945, and was in the first set of rotating non permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. New Zealand Prime Minister Peter Fraser felt that in order for New Zealand to be secure in the South Pacific, it need to align itself with major world powers like the United States through some kind of organisation that could guarantee small powers a say in world affairs. After the Fall of Singapore during World War II it became clear that Britain was no longer able to protect New Zealand so the government decided that a policy of independent relations with a group of strong powers was the best way to defend New Zealand.

New Zealand participates in the United Nations (UN); the World Trade Organization (WTO); World Bank; the International Monetary Fund (IMF); the Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development (OECD); the International Energy Agency; the Asian Development Bank; the Pacific Islands Forum; the Secretariat of the Pacific Community; the Colombo Plan; Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC); and the International Whaling Commission. New Zealand also actively participates as a member of the Commonwealth. Despite the 1985 rupture in the ANZUS military alliance, New Zealand has maintained good working relations with the United States and Australia on a broad array of international issues. In the past, New Zealand's geographic isolation and its agricultural economy's general prosperity minimised public interest in international affairs. However, growing global trade and other international economic events have made New Zealanders increasingly aware of their country's dependence on unstable overseas markets. New Zealand governments strongly advocate free trade, especially in agricultural products, and the country belongs to the Cairns group of nations in the WTO. New Zealand's economic involvement with Asia has become increasingly important. New Zealand is a "dialogue partner" with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a member of the East Asia Summit and an active participant in APEC. As a charter member of the Colombo Plan, New Zealand has provided Asian countries with technical assistance and capital. It also contributes through the Asian Development Bank and through UN programs and is a member of the UN Economic and Social Council for Asia and the Pacific.

ABEDA, ANZUS (U. S. suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, Commonwealth, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMISET, UNMOP, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

New Zealand administers Tokelau (formerly known as the Tokelau Islands) as a non self governing colonial territory. In February 2006 a UN sponsored referendum was held in Tokelau on whether to become a self governing state, but this failed to achieve the two thirds majority required to pass. Samoa was a New Zealand protectorate from 1918 to full independence in 1962. However New Zealand retains some responsibilities for former colonies Niue and the Cook Islands which are in free association with New Zealand. Citizens of all three countries hold New Zealand citizenship and the associated rights to healthcare and education in New Zealand. New Zealand has also claimed part of Antarctica known as the Ross Dependency since 1923.

Given its geography, New Zealand faces no immediate threat to its territorial integrity and its defense posture, and limited financial capability, reflects this. The New Zealand Defence Force is small compared to many other countries and its lacks air combat capability, although its army is generally regarded as very professional. Its overseas duties consist mostly of peacekeeping, especially in the Pacific, with wider regional security falling to Australia. In the 21st century, peacekeeping detachments have been deployed to East Timor, the Solomon Islands, and Tonga. Engineering and support forces have also been involved in the Iraq War, although New Zealand is not a member of the 'coalition of the willing'. New Zealand's heaviest military involvement in recent decades has been in Afghanistan following the United States led invasion of that country after the 9/11 attacks. The deployment has included SAS troops. In February 2021 the MFAT confirmed granting export permits for military equipment to be sold to the Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia in the years 2016 and 2018, respectively. Documents obtained under the Official Information Act showed detailed transactions of the military export. The revelation was followed by a previous revelation of the business unit of Air New Zealand aiding the Royal Saudi Navy on a contractual basis, breaching its obligations towards human rights. The case of Air New Zealand's business unit The Gas Turbines aiding Royal Saudi navy was commissioned in early April 2021 by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to be reviewed by a former executive of Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. The contractual arrangement between the two was criticised following the Arab nation's role in the Yemen war. It was reported that the UN had expressed concerns regarding any military exports made to Saudi could possibly be used in the Yemeni conflict, despite which the MFAT sanctioned exports to the country, inviting scrutiny over New Zealand's relations with Saudi Arabia.

New Zealand's official aid programme is managed by the New Zealand Agency for International Development (NZAID), a semi autonomous body within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. In 2007, New Zealand was the sixth lowest foreign aid donor in the Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development (OECD), based on proportion of gross national income (GNI) spent on overseas development assistance. New Zealand's contribution was 0.27% of GNI. Much this went to the Pacific region. However, the country is occasionally more generous in responding to major crises, for example donating around $100 million to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami relief efforts, the committed $1 million to the 2010 Haiti earthquake relief efforts, and later the government donated $2 million to the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami relief efforts. Following the April and May 2015 Nepal earthquake, the New Zealand Government sent an initial $1 million in humanitarian aid, and has mobilized 45 urban search and rescue technicians. New Zealand troops and aircraft are also often sent to disaster areas in the Asia Pacific region.

In the 1970s and 1980s, anti nuclear sentiment increased across New Zealand fuelling concerns about French nuclear testing in the Pacific at Moruroa atoll. The third Labour Government under Norman Kirk, co sponsored by Australia, took France before the International Court of Justice in 1972, requesting that the French cease atmospheric nuclear testing at Mururoa Atoll in French Polynesia in the southern Pacific Ocean. In 1972, as an act of defiance and protest the Kirk government sent two of its navy frigates, and into the Moruroa test zone area. Peace yachts attempting to disrupt the French tests had been sailing in coordinated protests into the Mururoa exclusion zones between 1972 and 1991. Concerns about Nuclear proliferation and the presence of nuclear warheads or reactors on United States Navy ships visiting New Zealand ports continued to escalate. After it was elected in 1984, the Labour Party government of David Lange indicated its opposition to visits by such ships. In February 1985, New Zealand turned away the Buchanan and in response the United States announced that it was suspending its treaty obligations to New Zealand unless port access was restored. In 1987 the Labour government strengthened its stance by declaring New Zealand a nuclear free zone (New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987), effectively legally removing New Zealand from the nuclear deterrent scenario and banning the entry of nuclear powered warships into its ports. Warships that did not fall into this category were not blocked, but the US took the view that any subsequent visit by a warship to New Zealand could not be carried out without violating the US' security policy of "neither confirming nor denying" nuclear capability of its ships. In 1987, New Zealand passed legislation making the country a nuclear free zone, namely the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act; in the same year the US retaliated with the Broomfield Act, designating New Zealand as a "friend" rather than an "ally". Relations between New Zealand and the US have had several ups and downs since then. In recent years, some voices have suggested removing the anti nuclear legislation, especially the ACT New Zealand political party; and up until February 2006 the National Party was in favour of holding a referendum on the issue. However, public opinion remains strongly in favour of the country's status as a nuclear free zone. In May 2006, US Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and Pacific Affairs, Christopher Hill, described the disagreement between the US and New Zealand as "a relic" but also signalled that the US wanted a closer defence relationship with New Zealand and praised New Zealand's involvement in Afghanistan and reconstruction in Iraq. "Rather than trying to change each other's minds on the nuclear issue, which is a bit of a relic, I think we should focus on things we can make work," he told the Australian Financial Review. Pressure from the United States on New Zealand's foreign policy increased in 2006, with U. S. trade officials linking the repeal of the ban of American nuclear ships from New Zealand's ports to a potential free trade agreement between the two countries. Relations between France and New Zealand were strained for two short periods in the 1980s and 1990s over the French nuclear tests at Moruroa and the bombing of the Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbour. The latter was widely regarded as an act of state terrorism against New Zealand's sovereignty and was ordered by then French President François Mitterrand, although he denied any involvement at the time. These events worked to strengthen New Zealand's resolve to retain its anti nuclear policy. Relations between the two countries are now cordial, with strong trade and many new bilateral links. In 2017, New Zealand signed the United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. Foreign Affairs Minister Gerry Brownlee said the treaty is "consistent with New Zealand's long standing commitment to international nuclear disarmament efforts".

New Zealand has well established links to a number of Latin American countries, particularly in the economic sphere. New Zealand has Embassies in Mexico City, Santiago, Brasília and Buenos Aires – the first of which (Santiago) opened in 1972. The New Zealand Government's Latin America Strategy, published in May 2010, estimates New Zealand's annual exports to the region at NZ$1 billion, and New Zealand investments in the region (in areas such as agri technology, energy, fisheries, and specialised manufacturing) at around NZ$1.3 billion. The Strategy argues that there is considerable scope to expand New Zealand's investment and services trade in the region. Focusing on six countries (Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay and Peru), the Strategy posits that New Zealand should be seeking to: promote a better understanding of the region among New Zealand businesses to help identify prospects for increased investment, trade and joint ventures; lower barriers to business between New Zealand and Latin America; promote New Zealand tourism in the region; improve airlinks between New Zealand and the region; deepen education and research and science links. There are significant flows of tourists and students from Latin America to New Zealand. For example, in the year to June 2010, around 30,000 Latin Americans visited New Zealand. In addition, New Zealand has popular Working Holiday Schemes with Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Mexico and Uruguay.

Much of New Zealand's foreign policy is focused on the Pacific region, particularly Polynesia and Melanesia. Bilateral economic assistance resources have been focused on projects in the South Pacific island states, especially on Bougainville. The country's long association with Samoa (formerly known as Western Samoa), reflected in a treaty of friendship signed in 1962, and its close association with Tonga have resulted in a flow of immigrants and visitors under work permit schemes from both countries. Recently New Zealand forces participated in peacekeeping efforts in the Pacific region in East Timor, the Solomon Islands and Tonga, see Military history of New Zealand. In 1947, New Zealand joined Australia, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States to form the South Pacific Commission, a regional body to promote the welfare of the Pacific region. New Zealand has been a leader in the organisation. In 1971, New Zealand joined the other independent and self governing states of the South Pacific to establish the South Pacific Forum (now known as the Pacific Islands Forum), which meets annually at the "heads of government" level.

On 26 May, New Zealand deployed forty two troops, with a second contingent of 120 troops leaving Christchurch on 27 May, en route to Townsville, Queensland before being sent to East Timor. Clark said that the forces would be deployed where needed by the Australian command.

Country Formal Relations BeganNotes29 October 1985 Algeria is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Algeria from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt. Angola is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Singapore. New Zealand is accredited to Angola from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa. Djibouti is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. New Zealand is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.1 November 1969See Egypt–New Zealand relations

Egypt has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Cairo.6 December 2011Ethiopia and New Zealand have only recently began a formal relationship with the opening of the New Zealand embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2014. Informal relations, however, date back to 1937 when New Zealand supported Ethiopia in their request for continued recognition as a sovereign during the Italian occupation. Ethiopia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand has an embassy in Addis Ababa. Ghana is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Ghana from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.9 June 1982 Kenya is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Kenya from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.4 May 1983Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 May 1983 when first Secretary (Ambassador) of the People's Bureau (Embassy) of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (resident in Canberra), presented his credentials to the Governor General New Zealand6 March 1983Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 March 1983 when first Mali Ambassador to New Zealand (resident in Peking), Mr. Boubacar Toure presented his credentials to the Governor General Mauritius is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Mauritius from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa. Morocco is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Morocco from its embassy in Madrid, Spain. Mozambique is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. New Zealand is accredited to Mozambique from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.16 April 1982Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 April 1982 when the first Nigerian High Commissioner in Canberra, Mr. Edward Sanu presented his credentials to Governal General of New Zealand
New Zealand is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Nigeria is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Senegal from its embassy in Paris, France. Senegal is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.19 January 1994See New Zealand–South Africa relations

New Zealand has a high commission in Pretoria. South Africa has a high commission in Wellington.7 December 1981 New Zealand is accredited to Tanzania from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa. Tanzania is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. New Zealand is accredited to Uganda from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Uganda is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia and maintains an honorary consulate in Waikato. Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations.2 April 1985 New Zealand is accredited to Zambia from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa. Zambia is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations.15 February 1985 New Zealand is accredited to Zimbabwe from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa. Zimbabwe is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.

Country Formal Relations BeganNotes Afghanistan is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia and maintains an honorary consulate in Auckland. New Zealand is accredited to Afghanistan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.6 June 1992 Armenia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. New Zealand is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.29 June 1992See Azerbaijan—New Zealand relations

Azerbaijan is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow, Russia. See Bangladesh–New Zealand relations

Bangladesh is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Bangladesh from its high commission in New Delhi, India. 1984 05 05See Brunei–New Zealand relations

Brunei is accredited to New Zealand from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bandar Seri Begawan. New Zealand is accredited to Brunei from its high commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.22 December 1972See China–New Zealand relations

China and New Zealand have an excellent relationship which continues to improve. The bilateral relationship has grown to become one of New Zealand's most important. A free trade agreement between China and New Zealand was signed on 7 April 2008 by Premier of the People's Republic of China Wen Jiabao and Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark in Beijing. It is the first free trade agreement that China has signed with any developed country. Historically, New Zealand contact with China started very early in its history with the first records of ethnic Chinese in New Zealand were immigrants from Guangdong province (Canton), who arrived during the 1860s gold rush era, with missionary, trade, extensive immigration and other links continuing during China's Republican era (1912–1949). The establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) brought these links to a halt. China has an embassy in Wellington and a consulates general in Auckland and Christchurch. New Zealand has an embassy in Beijing and consulates general in Chengdu, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Shanghai. East Timor has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Dili. See India–New Zealand relations

India and New Zealand have been strong in some degrees though potentially slightly shaky in others. New Zealand and India are in the midst of considering a free trade deal, where in October 2009 new Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh told New Zealand Prime Minister John Key that he was willing to seriously consider a free trade deal. Whilst there is the potential for a free trade agreement between India and New Zealand to be beneficial for both nations, the idea has not been seriously considered with India having strong subsidies on its agricultural sector, one of New Zealand's biggest export markets. India Prime Minister Manmohan Singh confirmed a continued intention to pursue a free trade agreement with the New Zealand Prime Minister John Key in late 2010, saying that: "Like China there is a recognition that they have a strong demand for food so there is something in it for both parties if we can complete a deal". Relations were temporarily suspended around 2004 when two Israeli citizens were convicted of passport fraud, but these were restored soon after. It was suspected but never proved that they were working for Mossad. New Zealand joined with other countries in boycotting a UN Racism conference in defence of Israel due to fears of antisemitism in the conference. Israel has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Israel from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.28 April 1952See Japan–New Zealand relations

Japan and New Zealand have had generally cordial relations since the post World War II period, with Japan being a major trading partner with New Zealand. These relations have held together despite policy disputes over whaling and the International Whaling Commission. New Zealand was one of the four founding participants of the Japan Exchange and Teaching (JET) Programme, established in 1987 by the Japanese Government. The NZ International Business Forum, established in 2006 by major export focused companies in New Zealand, has as one of its key goals negotiations for a free trade agreement with Japan. In March 2011, New Zealand sent an urban search and rescue team, which had spent time the previous three weeks searching buildings following the Canterbury earthquake, and 15 tonnes of rescue equipment to assist Japan following the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and Fukushima nuclear disaster. New Zealand Parliament sends condolences to the people of Japan, and the government donated $2 million to the Japanese Red Cross Society to support relief efforts. Japan has an embassy in Wellington and two consulates general in Auckland and Christchurch. New Zealand has an embassy in Tokyo.12 May 1992 Kazakhstan is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Singapore. New Zealand is accredited to Kazakhstan from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.25 November 1980Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1980 when first Lebanese Ambassador to New Zealand with residence in Canberra Mr. Raymond Heneine presented his letters of credentials to Governor General of New Zealand
Lebanon is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Lebanon from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt.25 September 1957Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 September 1957
See Malaysia–New Zealand relations

Malaysia has a high commission in Wellington. New Zealand has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.10 October 1974 Maldives is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Colombo, Sri Lanka. New Zealand is accredited to the Maldives from its high commission in Singapore. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.8 April 1975 Mongolia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia and maintains an honorary consulate in Auckland. New Zealand is accredited to Mongolia from its embassy in Beijing, China.15 November 1958 Myanmar is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand has an embassy in Yangon. In February 2021, New Zealand suspended high level bilateral military and political relations with Myanmar following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état. The New Zealand Government has joined other Western governments in refusing to recognise the new military led government and has called for the restoration of civilian led rule. In addition, aid projects were diverted away from the Tatmadaw and a travel ban was imposed on Myanmar's military leaders. In April 2024, the National led coalitiong government permitted mid level members of the military junta to participate in the ASEAN New Zealand Dialogue's meetings in Wellington. Prime Minister Christopher Luxon justified the invitation, citing ASEAN's policy of allowing non political Myanmar officials to participate in ASEAN events. He reiterated that New Zealand's travel ban on those responsible for the 2021 coup remained unchanged. The participation of Myanmar officials in the 2024 ASEAN NZ Dialogue was a reversal of the previous Labour Government's policy of banning Myanmar officials from participating in two ASEAN study tours of New Zealand. The National led government's U turn was criticised by Myanmar community representative and union leader Phyo Sandar Soe and former Prime Minister Helen Clark, who is also a convenor of the Kia Kaha Myanmar activist group. See New Zealand–North Korea relations

Although diplomatic relations were established between New Zealand and North Korea in 2001, a 2007 trip by New Zealand Foreign Affairs Minister Winston Peters to Pyongyang, the capital city of North Korea was the first visit by a New Zealand foreign minister to that country. United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice congratulated Peters on his effort in negotiating with a potential nuclear threat and welcomed Peters' actions on the matter. New Zealand is accredited to North Korea from its embassy in Seoul, South Korea. North Korea is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia. See New Zealand–Pakistan relations

Pakistan has a high commission in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Pakistan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran. See New Zealand–Philippines relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Manila. Philippines has an embassy in Wellington.22 December 1976Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 December 1976

New Zealand and South Korea have strong also good diplomatic relations. New Zealand has an embassy in Seoul. South Korea has an embassy in Wellington and a consulate general in Auckland. South Korea has a consulate in Auckland. Bilateral trade in 2022 was about $5.35 billion. 14 December 1955 New Zealand has a high commission in Colombo. Sri Lanka is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia. See New Zealand–Taiwan relations

New Zealand has a New Zealand Commerce and Industry Office in Taipei. Taiwan has a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in New Zealand in Wellington.26 March 1956See New Zealand–Thailand relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Bangkok. Thailand has an embassy in Wellington. See New Zealand–Turkey relations
New Zealand has an embassy in Ankara. Turkey has an embassy in Wellington. 1,700 Turkish citizens reside in New Zealand. The Albanian community in New Zealand is difficult to total as majority have been assimilated into New Zealand society. At least 5,000 ethnic Albanians maintain ties to either Albania, Kosovo or North Macedonia in New Zealand since the 1990s. However, there are other New Zealanders of full or partial Albanian origin hailing from Albania, Croatia and Greece – all of whom have entirely assimilated and maintain little links to the Balkan region today, but recognise their Albanian ancestry. Both countries are aligned with the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union in international affairs. Albania is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Beijing, China. New Zealand is accredited to Albania from its embassy in Rome, Italy. Austria is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand has an embassy in Vienna. Belgium is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand has an embassy in Brussels.25 February 1992 Croatia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia and maintains an honorary consulate in Auckland. Formerly represented as part of the Yugoslav Embassy in Wellington, until the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991. Czech Republic is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Berlin, Germany. See Denmark–New Zealand relations

Denmark is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia and maintains an honorary consulate in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in The Hague, Netherlands and maintains an honorary consulate in Copenhagen.22 July 1950 Finland is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Finland from its embassy in The Hague, Netherlands. See France–New Zealand relations

Relations between both nations strained in 1985 when French DGSE agents sank the Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbor. Two French agents were arrested and convicted but released in exchange for monetary compensation after France put economic pressure on New Zealand. France has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Paris and a consulate general in Nouméa, New Caledonia.10 November 1953See Germany–New Zealand relations

Germany has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Berlin and a consulate general in Hamburg. See Greece–New Zealand relations

Stemming from World War II, New Zealand forces fought alongside the Greeks in continental Greece and Crete since then, Greece has claimed a special relationship with New Zealand. An under equipped force made up of largely New Zealand, Australian, British and Greek troops fought to protect the island from invasion. The Battle of Crete is commemorated every year in both Crete and New Zealand. Prime Minister Helen Clark led a large party from New Zealand to Crete in May 2001 to attend the 60th anniversary of the battle. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hon Phil Goff, attended anniversary celebrations in May 2003 and Hon Annette King in May 2006. The war was followed by a modest wave of Greek emigration to New Zealand. In the 2006 Census 2,547 people primarily identified themselves as being Greek. A bilateral Social Security Agreement came into force on 1 April 1994. New Zealand operated an embassy in Greece until 1991, and has been represented via the Italian Embassy in Rome ever since. Greece operated an embassy in Wellington from 1999 until 2015, when it closed down amidst the Greek government debt crisis. Greece is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Rome, Italy. The Holy See has a nunciature in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to the Holy See from its embassy in Madrid, Spain. In 1984, John Paul II gave a speech to the ambassador of New Zealand at the Holy See. He later visited the country in 1986. Pope in New Zealand Hungary has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria. Iceland is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Beijing, China. New Zealand is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in The Hague, Netherlands. See Ireland–New Zealand relations

Ireland has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Dublin. Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development. Italy has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in Rome. 2010New Zealand recognised Kosovo's independence in November 2009. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2010, with Kosovo's first Ambassador to Wellington being Dr. Muhamet Haliti. In 2014 the Kosovo Embassy in Australia became fully integrated to represent Kosovo in New Zealand, with Sabri Kicmari becoming the first Kosovo Ambassador to visit New Zealand, Niue and the Cook Islands. New Zealand is represented in Kosovo by its embassy in Rome, Italy. During the breakup of Yugoslavia and the Kosovo war, New Zealand sympathised with Kosovo's ethnic Albanian majority. It began advocating for peace and support in the international arena, namely the United Nations, and sent a contingent as part of the international peace keeping force between 2000 and 2006. New Zealand abstained from the vote to send Kosovo's independence to the International Court of Justice, its judge at the ICJ voted in support of Kosovo, it has voted for Kosovo to join UNESCO and continues to support Kosovo's endeavours to join international organisations. New Zealand is home to 3,500 Kosovo born New Zealanders, predominately Albanians but also a small number of Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats. Kosovo is home to small expat community of New Zealanders, namely Kosovo Albanians who have returned to Kosovo post independence. Kosovo is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. Formerly represented as part of the Yugoslav Embassy in Wellington, until the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991. See Netherlands–New Zealand relations

Historically there has been a strong link between New Zealand and the Netherlands. The first European sightings of New Zealand was by the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman in 1642 and New Zealand was named after the Dutch province of Zeeland. Relations however did not start well when Māori killed several of the Abel Tasman's crew after he sent out a shore party. Tasman mapped a section of the North Island and left and there was no further contact between the Netherlands and New Zealand for more than a hundred years. Once New Zealand was established as a state in 1840 relations have been good. The relationship was enhanced significantly with migration of large numbers of Dutch people to New Zealand after World War II. As a result of negotiations between the Dutch and New Zealand Governments a migration agreement was signed in October 1950. This resulted in thousands of Dutch immigrants coming to New Zealand in subsequent years. Peaking between 1951 and 1954. As of 2006, it is estimated that well over 100,000 New Zealanders have some Dutch connection. The 2006 census shows that 28,641 people identified their ethnic group as Dutch. New Zealand and the Netherlands share very similar social attitudes and values and have a substantial history of working together on issues of international importance. They often cooperate closely in multilateral forums. In many international meetings the Netherlands delegation is seated immediately alongside New Zealand. Netherlands has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand has an embassy in The Hague.8 April 1993 New Zealand is accredited to North Macedonia from its embassy in Rome, Italy. North Macedonia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. Formerly represented as part of the Yugoslav Embassy in Wellington, until the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991. New Zealand joined 11 other countries in 2006 in delivering a formal diplomatic protest to the Norwegian Foreign Ministry in Oslo over Norway's plans to increase its whaling activities. In 2004 Helen Clark, became the first New Zealand prime minister to ever visit Norway. She said that both countries see eye to eye on almost everything but the commercial harvesting of whales. New Zealand is accredited to Norway from its embassy in The Hague, Netherlands. Norway is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.1 March 1973See New Zealand–Poland relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Warsaw. Poland has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Portugal from its embassy in Paris, France. Portugal is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.13 April 1944See New Zealand–Russia relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Moscow and an honorary consulate in Vladivostok. Russia has an embassy in Wellington. Both countries are members of APEC.29 December 1970 New Zealand is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Rome, Italy. Serbia is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. It was formerly represented as part of the Yugoslav Embassy in Wellington, until the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991. Serbian Ambassador Milivoje Glišić, presented his Letter of Credence to the Governor General of New Zealand Silvia Cartwright on 4 February 2003. New Zealand and Serbia have four bilateral treaties in force including the most favoured nation treaty from 1960. Trade between the two countries was based on a very modest exchange totalling US$2.3 million in 2006 but it rose significantly in 2007 to EUR 805 million. In the 2006 census, over 1,000 New Zealand residents claimed to be of Serbian ethnicity.28 March 1969See New Zealand–Spain relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Madrid. Spain has an embassy in Wellington. See New Zealand–Sweden relations

New Zealand has an embassy in Stockholm. Sweden is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. New Zealand has a consulate general in Geneva. Switzerland has an embassy in Wellington.3 March 1992New Zealand–Ukraine relations
New Zealand is accredited to Ukraine from its embassy in Warsaw, Poland. Ukraine is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia. See New Zealand–United Kingdom relations

Despite The King as the head of state of New Zealand and one of two official national anthems being God Save the King, the relationship has been variable over time. Up to the 1960s, New Zealand also had extremely close economic relations with the United Kingdom, especially considering the distance at which trade took place. As an example, in 1955, Britain took 65.3 percent of New Zealand's exports, and only during the following decades did this dominant position begin to decline as the United Kingdom oriented itself more towards the European Union, with the share of exports going to Britain having fallen to only 6.2 percent in 2000. Historically, some industries, such as dairying, a major economic factor in the former colony, had even more dominant trade links, with 80–100% of all cheese and butter exports going to Britain from around 1890 to 1940. This strong bond also supported the mutual feelings for each other in other areas. New Zealand has a high commission in London. United Kingdom has a high commission in Wellington and a consulate general in Auckland.