Нью-Йорк метрополитенінің C желісінің тарихы мен қазіргі жағдайы

New York City Subway service

The C Eighth Avenue Local is a 19 mile (31 km)

The C operates at all times except late nights between 168th Street in Washington Heights, Manhattan, and Euclid Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn, making all stops in between. During late night hours, the train, which runs express along the entire C route during daytime hours, makes all stops. Historically, most C service ran only during rush hours, along the IND Concourse Line to Bedford Park Boulevard in the Bronx and later along the IND Rockaway Line to Rockaway Park–Beach 116th Street in Queens. Prior to 1985, the local C service was referred to as the CC, with the C designation reserved for a complementary express service that was discontinued in 1949. The CC was once the only route to serve the Bronx, Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens in a single trip. Outside of rush hour, local service in Manhattan was usually provided by the AA, later relabeled K, which ran between 168th Street and Chambers Street/World Trade Center. In 1988, the K and C were consolidated into one service, and during the 1990s, the C's routing was altered to create the current service pattern. A 2015 study of the route found that the C had a daily ridership of 250,000. On February 1, 1933, the AA was extended to the newly opened Jay Street–Borough Hall station when the A did not run, continuing to terminate at Chambers Street when the A did run. The C and CC services began operation on July 1, 1933, when the IND Concourse Line opened. The CC provided local service between Bedford Park Boulevard and Hudson Terminal during rush hours, and was extended to 205th Street during non rush hours. It replaced the AA as Eighth Avenue Local. The C ran express, from 205th Street to Bergen Street in Brooklyn during rush hours, running express on the Concourse Line in the peak direction. C trains left Bergen Street between 3:30 p. m. and 6:50 p. m., and left 205th Street between 6:33 a. m. and 11:26 a. m. C trains ran every 4 minutes during rush hours in the peak direction, and every 5 minutes in the reverse peak direction, and ran with 6 and 7 car trains. During morning rush hours, CC trains operated to 205th Street until 7:30 a. m., and to Tremont Avenue between 7:30 a. m. and 11:30 a. m PM rush hour CC trains terminated at Bedford Park Boulevard, and several other trains terminated and originated at Bedford Park Boulevard. CC trains ran every 4 minutes during rush hours, 5 minutes during middays, every 5 and 6 trains during evenings, and every 12 minutes overnight. Trains ran with 5 cars during rush hours, and with 3 cars other times. On August 17, 1933, CC trains stopped terminating at Tremont Avenue. Beginning August 19, 1933, C service was cut back from Bergen Street, but started operating during non rush hours. At the same time, CC service was cut back from 205th Street during non rush hours. After July 1, 1937, a few C trains continued to run to Bergen Street southbound in the morning rush hour and northbound in the evening rush hour. Also on the same date, weekend C service was discontinued, and CC service was extended to 205th Street to compensate.

In August 2012, the Straphangers Campaign rated the C train the worst of the city's subway services for the fourth straight year. No other service has ranked worst for more than three years in a row. The group found that the C performed worst in three of the six categories in its annual State of the Subways Report Card: amount of scheduled service, interior cleanliness, and breakdown rate. It also ranked next to worst in car announcement quality, after the 7, but performed above average in regularity of service and crowding. The New York Times called the C the "least loved of New York City subway lines", citing its fleet of R32s, which were almost 50 years old at the time the Times reported on the issue. The New York Times has also stated that the C train "rattled and clanked along the deteriorating maze of tracks beneath the city, tin clad markers of years of neglect." The R32s were initially retired in late April 2020, but were temporarily pressed back into service from July through October 2020 and finally retired in early January 2022.

In 2011, problems with the R32s were at a peak as the fleet's failure rate was rising steadily. In 2012, money was directed to replace the R32 with the R179. Bombardier Transportation won the $600 million contract to build 300 new cars. In the 2010s, all trains on the C were only 480 feet (146 m) long, partially due to lower ridership levels on the route, according to NYC Transit's Rapid Transit Loading Guideline. This contrasted with trains on the rest of the mainline B Division (except for the Eastern Division and the train), which are 600 feet (183 m) long. In the summers of 2011 and 2012, some 600 foot long R46 trains were used on the C, while the R32s were used on the A, which had significant outdoor sections where the air conditioning units did not have to be used. Concurrently, some R32s in exchange were transferred to East New York Yard, where they were used on the mostly outdoor In late 2017, after several failed proposals to permanently lengthen C trains as ridership increased,

On November 6, 2018, some 480 foot long R179 trains started running on the C, gradually displacing the R160As back to East New York Yard by February 6, 2019. The R179s periodically experienced major mechanical and technical issues, forcing the MTA to remove them from service. The R211 fleet, which is being delivered as of 2023, is also expected to run on the C; two 600 foot long R211T trains with open gangways began running on the C in February 2024. Service frequencies on the C were increased after the New York state government provided funding for the changes in mid 2023. On August 7 of that year, midday service was increased to run every eight minutes instead of every ten minutes. There was supposed to be another service increase during the evening starting in December 2023, but as of February 2024, this service increase has not happened.