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Per Japanese census data, the population of Ise has remained relatively steady over the past 50 years.

Ise's history is directly linked to that of Ise Grand Shrine. Ise Grand Shrine is separated into two main parts: The Inner Shrine and the Outer Shrine. Despite the names, these are actually two physically separate shrines approximately six kilometers apart. Ise began with small settlements that had sprung up around the two shrines. During the Edo period, Ise was a major destination for pilgrimages which were called "o Ise mairi" (literally, "Coming to Ise") and thus, these settlements grew larger and developed into small villages. The village around the Inner Shrine was named Uji, and the village around the Outer Shrine was named Yamada. Because of the religious importance of Ise Grand Shrine, the Tokugawa shogunate during the Edo period viewed the area as politically significant and installed a magistrate in Yamada. During the Meiji period, these two villages were merged with the establishment of the modern municipal system to form the town of Ujiyamada. The town was upgraded to city status on September 1, 1906. In 1909, the forerunner to the JNR connected Ujiyamada by train, followed by the forerunner of Kintetsu Railway in 1930. These lines were responsible for a large increase in pilgrims and tourists visiting Ise Grand Shrine, peaking with an estimated eight million visitors in the year 1940, per government sponsored ceremonies celebrating the 2600th anniversary of the foundation of the Japanese empire. The significance of the Ise Grand Shrine to State Shinto made Ujiyamada a target for six air raids during World War II, the largest of which was on July 28, 1945 when 93 Twentieth Air Force Boeing B 29 Superfortress bombers dropped incendiaries, burning 39% of the city. On January 1, 1955 Ujiyamada absorbed the villages of Toyohama, Kitahama, Shigō and Kida and was renamed Ise City. The reason for this change is to avoid naming confusion with the later formed cities of Uji in Kyōto Prefecture and the city of Yamada (now the city of Kama) in Fukuoka Prefecture. The name "Ise" was chosen because it was already recognized throughout Japan due to Ise Grand Shrine. However, the renaming phase took some time around the city. For example, it took four years to rename the main JR station in town, Yamada Station, to Iseshi Station. Some things were never renamed, such as Ujiyamada Station, Ise's largest train station, and Ujiyamada High School, Ise's first high school. On September 26, 1959: The Ise wan Typhoon, Japan's strongest recorded typhoon, hit Ise and surrounding areas. On November 1, 2005: Ise absorbed the towns of Futami and Obata and the village of Misono (all from Watarai District).

Ise has a mayor council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 28 members. Ise contributes four members to the Mie Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Mie 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Akafuku: Mochi covered in sweet red bean paste. Ise Udon: Udon dressed in soy based sauce. IseWashi: Washi (Japanese paper) for Ise Grand Shrine.

Ise has 23 public elementary schools and ten public middle schools operated by the city government and six public high schools operated by the Mie Prefectural Department of Education. The city also has one private middle school and four private high schools. The Shinto affiliated Kogakkan University is located in Ise.

Ise is easily accessible by rail due to the popularity of Ise Grand Shrine as a tourist attraction. Kintetsu offers direct service to Ise from Kyoto, Osaka and Nagoya in the form of regular express trains (once or twice an hour) and limited express trains (usually twice an hour). The ride from Osaka takes about 135 minutes (105 minutes on the limited express), the ride from Nagoya takes about 100 minutes (85 minutes on the limited express). JR Central, offers direct service to Ise from Nagoya once an hour on the Mie Rapid, which takes about 90 minutes.

Sanco operates a number of buses to and through Ise. The main bus hub in town is in front of the JR exit of Iseshi Station. Sanco used to manage a tram service around Ise, in particular a line called the "Shinto Line" that ran from Iseshi Station to the Inner Shrine. It was closed in 1961 and was replaced by buses.

Ise has a direct ferry link to Central Japan International Airport.

Ise Festival: Ise's largest festival, held for two days in mid October to celebrate all things Ise. Okihiki (お木曳): Festival in which the timber that will be used to reconstruct Ise Grand Shrine is ceremonially carried through the streets. Each neighborhood (or district) of Ise city is responsible for carrying its share of the load, and the ceremony is spread out over many weekends to allow all neighborhoods to participate. This festival is only held for the three consecutive years starting eight years before a Shrine reconstruction. For example, the Okihiki festivals for the next Shrine reconstruction in 2013 were held in 2005, 2006, and 2007. Okihiki for the Outer Shrine is held in May and starts on the Miya River. Okihiki for the Inner Shrine is held in late July and starts near the Isuzu River. Cherry Blossom Festival is held early April on the Miya River (near the Watarai Bridge). Miya River Fireworks is held in mid July. Tennō Festival is held usually on the Sunday evening of the three day weekend in July near Kawasaki and is well known for goldfish fireworks at night.