Француз кардиналы Арон Люстигер: еврей тегі мен католик дінінің арасындағы өмір жолы

French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church

Aron Jean Marie Lustiger (ʒɑ̃ maʁi lystiʒe; 17 September 1926 – 5 August 2007) was a French cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Paris from 1981 until his resignation in 2005. He was made a cardinal in 1983 by Pope John Paul II. His life is depicted in the 2013 film Le métis de Dieu (The Jewish Cardinal).

Lustiger was born Aron Lustiger in Paris to a Jewish family. His parents, Charles and Gisèle Lustiger, were Ashkenazi Jews from Będzin, Poland, who had left Poland around World War I. Lustiger's father ran a hosiery shop. Aron Lustiger studied at the Lycée Montaigne in Paris, where he first encountered anti Semitism. Visiting Germany in 1937, he was hosted by an anti Nazi Protestant family whose children had been required to join the Hitler Youth. In March 1940, during Holy Week, the 13 year old Lustiger decided to convert to Catholicism. On 21 August he was baptized as Aron Jean Marie by the Bishop of Orléans, Jules Marie Victor Courcoux. His sister converted later. In October 1940, the Vichy regime passed the first of many anti Semitic laws, which forced increasingly strict conditions on Jews in the unoccupied zone.

Lustiger graduated from the Sorbonne with a literature degree in 1946. He entered the seminary of the Carmelite fathers in Paris, and later the Institut Catholique de Paris. He first visited Israel in 1951. On 17 April 1954 he was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Émile Arsène Blanchet, rector of the Institut Catholique. Lustiger received his episcopal consecration on 8 December 1979 from Cardinal François Marty, with Archbishop Eugène Ernoult of Sens and Bishop Daniel Pézeril serving as co consecrators. When installed as bishop, Lustiger avoided all reference to his liberal predecessor Guy Marie Riobé, a pacifist closely allied to Catholic Action. Lustiger also founded a new seminary for training priests, bypassing the existing arrangements. He was considered, primarily by his critics, to be authoritarian, earning him the nickname of "Bulldozer". Lustiger had his right hand man, André Vingt Trois, appointed bishop in 1988. Following Marcel Lefebvre's schism in June 1988, Lustiger tried to reduce tensions with the Traditionalist Catholics, celebrating a Tridentine Mass He deposed the priest Alain Maillard de La Morandais from his diplomatic functions toward the political sphere, as he considered him to be too pro Balladur during the 1995 presidential campaign. but he always refused to discuss any such possibility. He was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 2005 papal conclave that elected Pope Benedict XVI.