Гризелиния прибрежная: описание и особенности новозеландского широколистного дерева

Species of tree

Griselinia littoralis, commonly known as kapuka, New Zealand broadleaf or pāpāuma, Griselinia littoralis is round in shape and has dense foliage. The leaves are alternate, leathery, glossy yellow green above, paler and matte below, long, oval with a smooth margin. This tree also has flowers and berries that grow in particular seasons annually. In general, this tree can grow up to 10 m or longer to 15 m tall. It has rough and short branches which can stretch to 150 cm in diameter. The shape of apical leaf is broad ovate to ovate oblong or rounded with smooth margin. The yellow green leaf is thick and its width can be 5–12 cm long by 4–5 cm wide, the leaf often be glossy and grow as alternative type, one side can be a little longer than the other side at base sometimes, this is one of the typical characters. The greenish flowers are borne on the slim twigs and they are quite small, they always grow up from late spring to mid summer. The panicles are also small. Five petals are owned by the pistillate flowers. The dark purple or black berries can be 6–7 mm long and appear in mid summer, ripening from autumn to winter.

Griselinia littoralis is native to New Zealand, but has also become located in other areas of the world. It is widely cultivated both in New Zealand and in other areas with mild oceanic climates such as the south coast of Great Britain and the Faroe Islands, where it is valued for its tolerance of salt carried on sea gales. and in its native New Zealand it is to be found in large numbers in coastal areas. It is frequently grown as a screen to resist wind or other extreme situations.

Griselinia littoralis is found throughout New Zealand from sea level up to 900 m altitude and ranges from far north to Stewart Island geographically. It is most commonly found in coastal areas as it is a hardy plant. This plant is a native plant in New Zealand. It can be found everywhere in New Zealand from lowland to high hills or forest or shrub land. as it is a hardy plant that tolerates sea breeze and wind exposure. This plant can grow at a lot of growing environments. The flowers are borne on long panicles, each panicle with 50 100 individual flowers, each flower 3–4 mm across, with five sepals and stamens but no petals. Following flowering, small blackish berries are formed, as long as male and female Griselinia littoralis are located in the same area so pollination can occur. It is easier to tell from these three phases. The diameter grow faster during the gap and building phase (0.31 cm per year) that the leaves become bigger and bigger to absorb the sunlight to do photosynthesis than mature phase (just 0.19 cm per year). Broadleaf grow very quickly in building phase than other phases. The gap phase is the period when the colonization forming by the canopy opening. The building phase is the period when the seeding attain canopy status. The mature phase is the period when the canopy keep intact. The average height of this plant is 15 cm per year (range 10–18 cm). The flowers are borne on the slim twigs and they are very small, the color is green, they always appear from late spring to mid summer. The wind and insects are good media to transfer the pollen from one flower to another flower. The name littoralis of this broadleaf species means "growing by the sea". have won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.